ὀπτάω
τὸν τεθνηκότα μὴ κακολογεῖν → do not speak ill of the dead, speak no ill of the dead (Chilon the Spartan)
English (LSJ)
pf.
A ὤπτηκα Euphro 1.5 : irreg. part. Pass. ὀπτεύμενος Theoc.7.55: Dor. pres. part. ὀπτᾶντες Epich.164: fut. Med. ὀπτήσομαι (in pass. sense) Luc.Asin.31 : aor. Pass., ὀπτηθῆναι Od.20.27 : pf. Pass. ὤπτημαι Ar.Fr.627: (ὀπτός (A), q. v.) :—roast, broil, κρέα ὤπτων Od.3.33, etc. ; σπλάγχνα δ' ἄρ' ὀπτήσαντες ἐνώμων 20.252 ; ὤπτησάν τε περιφραδέως Il.1.466,2.429 : also c. gen. partit., ὀπτῆσαί τε κρεῶν roast some meat, Od.15.98 ; then in Hdt.9.120, Ar.Av.1690, X.Cyr.8.2.6, etc. ; broil or fry fish, Ar.Fr.l.c., Crates Com.17, al.; fry an egg, PLit.Lond. 170 (i A. D.); toast cheese, Eub.150.2.—Hence it appears that ὀπτᾶν was used of all kinds of cooking by means of fire or dry heat, opp. ἕψω (boil in water), which never appears in Hom., whose heroes ate only roast meat, κρέα δὲ μόνον ὤπτων, ἐπεὶ ἕψοντά γ' οὐ πεποίηκεν αὐτῶν οὐδένα Eub.120. 2 bake bread, Hdt.2.47 ; ὅκως ὀπτῷτο (v.l. ὀπτῴη) ὁ ἄρτος Id.8.137, cf. X.An.5.4.29; ὀπτᾶν πλακοῦντας Ar.Ra.507 ; also of bricks or pottery, bake, burn, Hdt.1.179 ; καλῶς ὠπτημένη [χύτρα] Pl.Hp.Ma.288d; ὁ ὀπτώμενος κέραμος Arist. Mete.383a21. 3 bake, scorch, of the sun, ἐπεὶ τόκα μ' ἅλιος ὀπτῇ BionFr.15.12 ; ἡ γῆ ὀπτᾶται ὑπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου X.Oec.16.14. 4 metaph. (as we say), 'roast' a man, τοῦτον ὀπτᾶν καὶ στρέφειν Ar.Lys. 839, cf. Sopat.6.9 (Pass.):—Pass., of the fire of love, ὀπτεύμενον ἐξ Ἀφροδίτας Theoc.7.55, cf. 23.34, AP12.92.7 (Mel.): so, prob., in Act., Sapph.115.
