γυνή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[γυνά]], Boeot. [[βανά]] (v. sub voce), ἡ, gen. [[γυναικός]], acc. [[γυναῖκα]], voc. [[γύναι]] (<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> γυνή <span class="bibl">Alc.Com.32</span>): dual γυναῐκε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>61</span>: pl. [[γυναῖκες]], [[γυναικῶν]], etc. (as if from [[γύναιξ]] wh. is only found in Gramm., cf. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.643</span>): gen. γυναικείων <span class="bibl">Phoc.3</span> (s. v.l.): Aeol. dat. pl. γυναίκεσσι <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>7.6</span>: Com. acc. γυνήν <span class="bibl">Pherecr.91</span>: pl. nom. γυναί <span class="bibl">Philippid.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.484</span>, acc. γυνάς <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>1336, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>243.24</span>,<span class="title">AB</span>86:—[[woman]], opp. [[man]],<span class="bibl">Il.15.683</span>, etc.: with a second Subst., <b class="b3">γ. ταμίη</b> housekeeper, <span class="bibl">6.390</span>; δέσποινα <span class="bibl">Od.7.347</span>; [[γρηΰς]] (q. v.), [[ἀλετρίς]] (q. v.), δμῳαὶ γυναῖκες <span class="bibl">Il.9.477</span>,al.; Περσίδες γ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.3</span>: voc., as a term of respect or affection, [[mistress]], [[lady]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>290</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.12</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">φαντὶ γυναῖκες</b> [[the lasses]] say, <span class="bibl">Id.20.30</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς γυναικός</b> like [[a woman]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>592</span>: prov., γ. μονωθεῖσ' οὐδέν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 749</span>; <b class="b3">ὅρκους γυναικὸς εἰς ὕδωρ γράφω</b> (cf. γράφω ''ΙΙ'') <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>811</span>; γυναιξὶ κόσμον ἡ σιγὴ φέρει <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>293</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[wife]], [[spouse]], <span class="bibl">Il.6.160</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.523</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>, etc.; γ. καὶ παρθένοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.25</span>; opp. [[ἑταίρα]], <span class="bibl">Is.3.13</span>; <b class="b3">γ. γνησία</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PEleph.</span>1.3</span> (iv B. C.); also, [[concubine]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.497</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[mortal woman]], opp.[[goddess]], <span class="bibl">14.315</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.228</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[female]], [[mate]] of animals, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1262a22</span> (dub. sens.), <span class="bibl">Xenarch.14</span>, etc.— Not to be taken as Adj. in γυναῖκα θήσατο μαζόν <span class="bibl">Il.24.58</span>. (Cf. Ved. <b class="b2">gnā-</b> (freq. disyll.), Skt. janis.) </span>

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From Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn (“woman”). Cognates include Mycenaean Greek (ku-na-ja), Sanskrit ग्ना (gnā́), Sanskrit जनि (jáni), Old Armenian կին (kin), and Old English cwēn (English queen).

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