opus: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>ŏpus</b>: ĕris, n. Sanscr. ap-as, [[work]]; [[whence]] apuas, [[gain]]; v. ops; cf. also Germ. üben.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., [[work]], [[labor]] (cf.: [[labor]], ars, [[opera]]): [[quod]] in opere faciundo operae consumis tuae, in doing [[your]] [[work]], Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 21: menses [[octo]] continuos [[opus]] hic non defuit, cum vas nullum fieret, [[nisi]] aureum, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 54: [[oratio]] in causarum contentionibus magnum est quoddam [[opus]], [[atque]] [[haud]] sciam, an de humanisoperibus [[longe]] maximum, id. de Or. 2, 17, 71.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Work, [[art]], [[workmanship]]: naturā et opere [[munitus]], Caes. B. G. 5, 21.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[agricultural]] [[labor]]: [[opus]] faciam, ut defatiger [[usque]], Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 14; Cic. Sen. 7, 24: [[grave]] Martis [[opus]], Verg. A. 8, 515.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[honey]]-[[making]]: [[foris]] pascuntur (apes), [[intus]] [[opus]] faciunt, Varr. R. R. 3, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[literary]] [[labor]]: ([[Graeci]]) [[opus]] quaerunt, [[seek]] [[employment]], Cic. Tusc. 3, 34, 81; cf. Liv. 5, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In mal. [[part]]., Plaut. As. 5, 2, 23.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., a [[work]] [[that]] has been done or made.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> A [[military]] [[work]], [[either]] a [[defensive]] [[work]], [[fortification]], or a [[work]] of besiegers, a [[siege]]-[[engine]], [[machine]], etc.: [[nondum]] opere castrorum perfecto, Caes. B. C. 2, 26; so, opere perfecto, id. B. G. 1, 8; Nep. Them. 7, 1: Mutinam operibus munitionibusque saepsit, Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20: operibus [[Toletum]] cepit, Liv. 35, 22; 37, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Any [[result]] of [[labor]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[public]] works, esp. buildings: aedium sacrarum, publicorumque operum [[depopulatio]], Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 12; Liv. 1, 56, 2; 1, 57, 1; Quint. 3, 11, 13: de exstruendis reficiendisve operibus, Suet. Tib. 30: [[opera]], [[templum]] theatrumque, id. Calig. 21; cf. of an [[aqueduct]], etc., id. Claud. 20: in titulis operum, in [[public]] inscriptions, id. ib. 41 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of writings, a [[work]], [[book]]: [[habeo]] [[opus]] magnum in manibus, Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 3: an pangis aliquid Sophocleum? Fac [[opus]] appareat, id. Fam. 16, 18, 3: [[quod]] [[Homerus]] [[atque]] [[Vergilius]] operum suorum principiis faciunt, Quint. 4, 1, 34; 3, 6, 64; 10, 1, 83.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of a [[work]] of [[art]]: quorum [[iste]] non opere delectabatur, sed pondere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124: [[hydria]] Boëthi manu facta praeclaro opere, of [[admirable]] [[workmanship]], id. ib. 2, 4, 14, § 32: haec omnia [[antiquo]] opere, id. ib. 2, 4, 21, § 46.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In gen., a [[deed]], [[action]], [[performance]], [[business]]: miserum'st [[opus]], Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 2: ut si mures corroserint aliquid, quorum est [[opus]] hoc unum, [[monstrum]] putemus, Cic. Div. 2, 27, 59: [[opus]] meae hastae, Ov. M. 12, 112.—For magno opere, tanto opere, [[quanto]] opere (and, joined in one [[word]], [[magnopere]], [[tantopere]], [[quantopere]]), lit., [[with]] [[great]], [[such]], or [[what]] [[labor]], v. h. vv.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Esp. (eccl. Lat.).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[work]] of [[superhuman]] [[power]], a [[miracle]], Vulg. Joh. 5, 36; 7, 21; 14, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Bona]] [[opera]], = καλὰ ἔργα, [[good]] works, deeds [[wrought]] by [[grace]], Cypr. Ep. 18, 2; Lact. 3, 9, 15; 6, 18, 9; Vulg. Matt. 5, 16.—<br /><b>III</b> Transf., abstr. in nom. and acc., [[need]], [[necessity]]; [[hence]],<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> [[Opus]] est, it is [[needful]], [[wanting]]; [[there]] is [[need]] of, [[use]] for: [[opus]] est mihi, [[tibi]], etc., I (thou, etc.) [[have]] [[need]] of, [[need]], [[want]]. It is contrasted [[with]] [[necesse]] est: emas non [[quod]] [[opus]] est, sed [[quod]] [[necesse]] est. Quod non [[opus]] est, asse carum est, [[Cato]] ap. Sen. Ep. 94, 28. Also [[with]] indigere: ait ([[Chrysippus]]) sapien. tem nullā re indigere, et [[tamen]] multis [[illi]] rebus [[opus]] esse, [[contra]] stulto nullā re [[opus]] est, nullā re [[enim]] uti scit, sed omnibus eget, Sen. Ep. 9, 12. The [[person]] [[who]] needs [[any]] [[thing]] is [[put]] in the dat., and the [[thing]] needed in the nom. or abl. ([[prop]]. abl. instrum.: [[opus]] est mihi, I [[have]] [[work]] [[with]], i. e. I [[need]]), [[rarely]] in the gen., acc., inf., acc. and inf., or [[with]] ut.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With the nom. of the [[thing]] needed as [[subject]]: materiem, et quae [[opus]] sunt, [[dominus]] praebebit, [[Cato]], R. R. 14, 3: [[minus]] multi [[opus]] sunt boves, Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 4: maritumi milites [[opus]] sunt [[tibi]], Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 61: dux nobis et [[auctor]] [[opus]] est, Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 1: hujus nobis exempla permulta [[opus]] sunt, id. Inv. 2, 19, 57: ullā in re, [[quod]] ad valetudinem [[opus]] [[sit]], id. Fam. 16, 4, 2: si [[quid]] [[opus]] erit in sumptum, id. Att. 5, 8, 2: parari, quae ad transitum Hellesponti [[opus]] essent, Liv. 37, 18, 10: quae curando vulneri [[opus]] sunt, id. 1, 41, 1; cf.: ferociora utraque [[quam]] quietis [[opus]] est consiliis, id. 30, 30, 11; cf. [[with]] esse: nil sibi divitias [[opus]] esse, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With abl.: magistratibus [[opus]] est, [[there]] is [[need]] of, [[they]] are needed, Cic. Leg. 3, 2, 5: viro et gubernatore [[opus]] est, Liv. 24, 8: [[opus]] est auctoritate tuā, Cic. Fam. 9, 25, 3: non longis [[opus]] est ambagibus, Ov. M. 4, 475: [[nunc]] [[opus]] est leviore lyrā, id. ib. 10, 152.—With pers. subj. ([[very]] [[rare]]): responderunt regem discordiis [[opus]] esse, Just. 11, 7, 10.— So [[with]] abl. of the [[part]]. perf.: maturato [[opus]] est, [[there]] is [[need]] of [[haste]], it is [[necessary]] to [[act]] [[speedily]], Liv. 8, 13; cf.: erat [[nihil]] [[cur]] [[properato]] [[opus]] esset, of [[haste]], Cic. Mil. 19, 49 (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 464, A, 1).— With abl. of the [[sup]].: ita dictu [[opus]] est, it is [[necessary]] to [[say]], I [[must]] [[say]]. Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 68: [[quod]] scitu [[opus]] est, Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 28.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With gen.: ad [[consilium]] pensandum temporis [[opus]] esse, Liv. 22, 51: quanti argenti [[opus]] fuit, id. 23, 31.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With acc. ([[ante]]-[[class]].): puero [[opus]] est cibum, Plaut. Truc. 5, 10; 1, 1, 71: [[opus]] est [[modium]] unum (calcis), [[Cato]], R. R. 15.—（ε) With inf.: [[quid]] [[opus]] est de Dionysio tam [[valde]] affirmare? Cic. Att. 7, 8, 1.—Ellipt.: [[quid]] [[opus]] est plura? (sc. proferre), Cic. Sen. 1, 3.—（ζ) With acc. and inf.: [[nunc]] [[opus]] est te [[animo]] valere, Cic. Fam. 16, 4, 2.—（η) With ut: [[opus]] nutrici [[autem]], utrem ut habeat veteris vini [[largiter]], Plaut. Truc. 5, 11; Tac. Dial. 31 init.; Vulg. Johan. 2, 25; 16, 30.— (θ) With subj. [[alone]]: non est [[opus]] affingas aliquid, Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 11.—（ι) Absol.: sic [[opus]] est, Ov. M. 1, 279.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sometimes [[opus]] est is employed [[without]] the [[notion]] of [[strict]] [[necessity]], as i. q. expedit, juvat, conducit, it is [[good]], [[useful]], [[serviceable]], [[beneficial]]: [[atque]] [[haud]] sciam, an ne [[opus]] [[sit]] [[quidem]], [[nihil]] [[umquam]] [[omnino]] deesse amicis, Cic. Lael. 14, 51; id. Off. 3, 11, 49; id. ib. 3, 32, 114; Hor. S. 1, 9, 27; 2, 6, 116.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> [[Opus]] habere, to [[have]] [[need]] of ([[very]] [[rare]]); [[with]] abl., Col. 9, 1, 5: [[opus]] habere ut, Ambros. de Fide, 5, 17, 213; cf.: non dicimus [[opus]] [[habeo]], sed [[opus]] est mihi, Diom. 301 P.