σωτήρ

English (LSJ)

ῆρος, ὁ, voc. σῶτερ (v. infr. 1.2): poet. σᾰωτήρ Simon. 129, Call.Del.166: (σῴζω):—

   A saviour, deliverer, c. gen. of person etc. saved, σ. ἀνθρώπων, νηῶν, h.Hom.22.5, 33.6; τῆς Ἑλλάδος Hdt. 7.139; ἑστίας πατρός A.Ch.264; but also c. gen. rei, [νόσου], κακῶν, βλάβης, a preserver from disease, ills, hurt, S.OT304, E. Med.360 (anap.), Heracl.640; c. dat., σ. τῇ πόλει καὶ νῷν φανείς Ar.Eq.149; σ. δόμοις. Id.Nu.1161; of a philosopher or guide, ὁδηγόν . . ὅν φησι σωτῆρα μόνον Phld.Lib.p.20 O.; esp. of Epicurus, ὁ σ. ὁ ἡμέτερος Polystr.Herc.346p.80V.    2 epith. of Ζεύς, Pi.O. 5.17, Fr.30.5, IG22.410.18 (iv B.C.), etc.; to whom persons after a safe voyage offered sacrifice, Diph.43.24; there was often a temple of Ζεὺς Σ. at harbours, e.g. the Piraeus, Str.9.1.15; to Ζεὺς Σωτήρ the third cup of wine was dedicated, τρίτον Σωτῆρι σπένδειν Pi.I.6(5).8; τρίτην Διὸς Σωτῆρος εὐκταίαν λίβα A.Fr.55; Ζεῦ σῶτερ Ar.Th. 1009, Din.1.36; ὦ Ζεῦ σῶτερ Philem.79.21, Men.532.2; to drink this cup became a symbol of good luck, and the third time came to mean the lucky time, τρίτος ἦλθέ ποθεν--σωτῆρ' ἢ μόρον εἴπω; A.Ch. 1073 (anap.); whence the proverb τὸ τρίτον τῷ σωτῆρι the third (i.e. the lucky) time, Pl.R.583b, Phlb.66d, Chrm.167a; and Zeus was himself called τρίτος σ., Παλλάδος καὶ Λοξίου ἕκατι καὶ τοῦ πάντα κραίν οντος τρίτου σωτῆρος A.Eu.760, cf. Supp.26 (anap.).    b epith. of other gods, as of Apollo, Id.Ag.512, etc.; of Hermes, Id.Ch.2; of Asclepios, IG4.718 (Hermione), 7.2808 (Hyettus, iii A.D.), BMus. Cat.Coins Pontus p.156 (Nicaea); σ. εὐρυχόρου Λακεδαίμονος Isyll. 82; τὸν σ. τῶν ὅλων Ἀσκληπιόν Jul.Or.4.153b; Ζεὺς Ἀσκληπιὸς σ. τῶν ὅλων Aristid.Or.42(6).4; of the Dioscuri, IG12(3).422 (Thera, iii B.C.), 14.2406.108 (Tarentum), etc.; even with fem. deities, Τύχη σωτήρ, for σώτειρα, A.Ag.664, S.OT81: generally, of guardian or tutelary gods, Hdt.8.138, A.Supp.982, S.Ph.738; τοῖς ἀποτροπαίοις καὶ σωτῆρσι X.HG3.3.4.    3 applied to rulers, διὰ σέ, βασιλεῦ (viz. Ptolemy IV Philopator), τὸν πάντων κοινὸν σ. PEnteux. 11.6 (iii B.C.); Πτολεμαῖος Σ. OGI19.1, al.; Ἀντίοχος Σ. ib.233.3, al.; of Roman Emperors or governors, ib.668.3 (Egypt, i A.D.), PLond.1.177.24 (i A.D.), etc.    4 in LXX and NT, applied to God, LXX De.32.15, al., 1 Ep.Ti.1.1, al.; to Christ, Ev.Luc.2.11, al.    II in Poets, as Adj., σ. ναὸς πρότονος A.Ag.897, cf. Pi.Fr. 159; with a fem. noun, γονῆς σωτῆρος (as Herm. for γυνή) A. Th. 225; τιμαὶ σωτῆρες the office or prerogative of saving, of the Dioscuri, E.El.993 (anap.).    III name of a month created by Caligula, BGU1078 (38 A.D.), PRyl.2.149 (39/40 A.D.), etc.