ἔσχατος

English (LSJ)

η, ον, also ος, ον Arat.625 (prob. fr. ἐκ, ἐξ, perh. eĝhzκατος (cf. ἐχθός)

   A like ἔγ-κατα) :    I of Space, as always in Hom., farthest, uttermost, extreme, θάλαμος ἔ. the hindmost chamber, Od.21.9 ; ἔσχατοι ἄλλων at the end of the lines, Il.10.434, cf.8.225 ; ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν, of the Aethiopians, Od.1.23 ; οἰκέομεν..ἔσχατοι 6.205 ; ἐσχάτη τῶν οἰκεομένων ἡ Ἰνδική Hdt.3.106, cf. Th.2.96, etc.; τὸ ἔ. τῆς ἀγορᾶς X.HG3.3.5 ; ὑπ'..ἐσχάτην στήλην S.El.720 ; τάξις ἐ. the farthest part of the army, Id.Aj.4 : pl., ἔσχατα γαίης Hes.Th.731 ; τὰ ἔ. τῶν στρατοπέδων Th.4.96 ; ἐπ' ἔσχατα χθονός S.Fr.956 ; αἱ ἐπ' ἔσχατα τοῦ ἄστεως οἰκίαι Th.8.95 ; ἐξ ἐσχάτων ἐς ἔσχατα ἀπικέσθαι from end to end, Hdt.7.100, cf. X.Vect.1.6 ; παρ' ἔσχατα λίμνης Pl.Phd.113b, cf. Th.3.106:—in various senses, uppermost, ἐ. πυρά S.El.900 ; lowest, deepest, ἀΐδας Theoc.16.52 ; ἅλς AP13.27 (Phal.) ; innermost, σάρκες S.Tr. 1053 ; last, hindmost, ἤλαυνε δ' ἔ. Id.El.734 ; ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳ at the close of a document, PTeb.68.54 (ii B.C.), etc.    2 of Degree, uttermost, highest, τὸ ἔ. κορυφοῦται βασιλεῦσι Pi.O.1.113 ; ἀνορέαι ἔ. Id.I.4(3).11 ; σοφία Lib.Or.59.88 ; of misfortunes, sufferings, etc., utmost, last, worst, πόνος, ἀδικία, κίνδυνοι, Pl.Phdr.247b, R.361a, Grg.511d ; ὀδύναι αἱ ἔ. Id.Prt.354b ; δῆμος ἔ. extreme democracy, Arist.Pol.1296a2.    b Subst., τὸ ἔ., τὰ ἔ., the utmost, ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ ἀπιγμένοι Hdt.8.52 ; τετρῦσθαι ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ Id.1.22 ; without Art., ἐπ' ἔσχατα βαίνεις S. OC217 (lyr.) ; προβᾶσ' ἐπ' ἔσχατον θράσους Id.Ant.853 (lyr.) ; ἐπ' ἔ. ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας Pl.Phdr.240d, cf. R.361d, etc.; ὃ πάντων κακῶν ἔσχατόν ἐστι, τοῦτο πάσχει Id.Phd.83c ; οἱ τὰ ἔ. πεποιηκότες X.Cyr.8.8.2 ; ζημιοῦσθαι πᾶσι τοῖς ἐ., Lat. extremis suppliciis, Pl.Plt.297e ; ἔσχατ' ἐσχάτων κακά worst of possible evils, S.Ph.65, cf. Philem.178 ; εἰς τὰ ἔ. ἐληλυθώς UPZ60.12 (ii B.C.) : Comp.οὔτε γὰρ τοῦ ἐσχάτου -ώτερον εἴη ἄν τι Arist.Metaph.1055a20 : Sup. -ώτατος f.l. in X.HG2.3.49, cf. Phryn.51 ; τὰ -ώτατα Phld.Hom.p.320.    3 of Persons, lowest, meanest, D.S.8.18, D.C.42.5, Alciphr.3.43 : prov., οὐδείς, οὐδ' ὁ Μυσῶν ἔ., i.e. the meanest of mankind, Magnes 5, cf. Philem.77 ; in Pl.Tht.209b it seems to mean the remotest of mankind, cf. πρὸς ἐσχάτην Μυσῶν v.l. in App.Prov.2.85 (παρὰ τοῖς ἐ. τῆς Μυσίας Apostol.8.1); similarly οὐδὲ τὸν ἔσχατον Καρῶν Plu.2.871b.    4 of Time, last, ἐς τὸ ἔ. to the end, Hdt.7.107, Th.3.46; ἔ. πλόος, ναυτιλίαι, the end of it, Pi.P.10.28, N.3.22 ; ἐσχάτας ὑπὲρ ῥίζας over the last scion of the race, S.Ant.599 (lyr.); ἔ. Ἑλλήνων, Ῥωμαίων, Plu.Phil.1, Brut.44 : neut. ἔσχατον, as Adv., for the last time, S.OC1550 ; finally, best of all, 1 Ep.Cor.15.8; at the latest, ἔ. ἐν τρισὶ μησίν SIG1219.11 (Gambreion, iii B. C.), cf. Inscr.Prien.4.45 (iv B. C.); εἰς τὴν ἐσχάτην at the last, LXXEc.1.11 ; ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳ ib.2 Ki.24.25, al.: Subst. ἐσχάτη, ἡ, end, οὐχ ἕξεις ἐ. καλήν Astramps.Orac.21.4, cf. 40.3.    5 in the Logic of Arist., τὰ ἔ. are the last or lowest species, Metaph.1059b26, or individuals, ib.998b16, cf. AP0.96b12, al.; τὸ ἔ. ἄτομον Metaph.1058b10.    b ὁ ἔ. ὅρος the minor term of a syllogism, EN1147b14.    c last step in geom. analysis or ultimate condition of action, τὸ ἔ. ἀρχὴ τῆς πράξεως de An.433a16.    II Adv. -τως to the uttermost, exceedingly, πῦρ ἐ. καίει Hp.de Arte8; ἐ. διαμάχεσθαι Arist.HA613a11 ; ἐ. φιλοπόλεμος X.An.2.6.1 ; φοβοῦμαί σ' ἐ. Men.912, cf. Epicur.Ep. 1p.31U.    b -τως διακεῖσθαι to be at the last extremity, Plb.1.24.2, D.S.18.48 ; ἔχειν Ev.Marc.5.23 ; ἀπορεῖν Phld.Oec.p.72J.    2 so ἐς τὸ ἔ.,=ἐσχάτως, Hdt.7.229; εἰς τὰ ἔ. X.HG5.4.33 ; εἰς τὰ ἔ. μάλα Id.Lac.1.2 ; τὸ ἔ. finally, in the end, Pl.Grg.473c ; but, τὸ ἔ. what is worst of all, ib.508d.