ἀνήρ

English (LSJ)

ὁ, ἀνδρός, ἀνδρί, ἄνδρα, voc. ἄνερ: pl. ἄνδρες, -δρῶν, -δράσι [ᾰ], -dras: Aeol. dat. pl.

   A ἄνδρεσι Alc.Supp.14.8: late nom. sg. ἄνδρας Cat.Cod.Astr.7.109.7: in Att. the Art. often forms a crasis with the Noun, ἁνήρ for ὁ ἀνήρ, τἀνδρός, τἀνδρί for τοῦ ἀνδρός, etc., ἅνδρες for οἱ ἄνδρες; the Ion. crasis is ὡνήρ, ὧνδρες, Hdt.4.161,134: Ep. also ἀνέρα, ἀνέρος, ἀνέρι, dual ἀνέρε, pl. ἀνέρες, ἀνέρας, ἄνδρεσσι. [Ep. Poets mostly use ᾱ in arsi, ᾰ in thesi; but in trisyll. forms with stem ἀνέρ- always ᾱ; so also Trag. in lyr., S.Tr.1011, OT869. But in Trag. senarians ᾰ always.] (ἀ- in nom. by analogy; cf. Skt. nar- from I.-E. ner-, nṛ- from nṛ-, Gk. ἀνδρ- from ṇr-):—man, opp. woman (ἄνθρωπος being man as opp. to beast), Il.17.435, Od.21.323; τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἄπαις without male children, Pl.Lg.877e; in Hom. mostly of princes, leaders, etc., but also of free men; ἀ δήμου one of the people, Il.2.198, cf. Od.17.352; with a qualifying word to indicate rank, ἀ. βουληφόρος Il.2.61; ἀ. βασιλεύς Od.24.253; ἡγήτορες ἄ. Il.11.687.    II man, opp. god, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε ib.1.544, al.; Διὸς ἄγγελοι ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν ib.334, cf. 403, Hdt.5.63, etc.: most common in pl., yet sts. in sg., e.g. Il.18.432:—freq. with a Noun added, βροτοί, θνητοὶ ἄ., Od.5.197,10.306; ἄ. ἡμίθεοι Il.12.23; ἄ. ἥρωες ib.5.746:—also of men, opp. monsters, Od.21.303:—of men in societies and cities, οὔτε παρ' ἀνδράσιν οὔτ' ἐν ναυσὶ κοίλαις Pi.O. 6.10; and so prob., ἄλλοτε μέν τ' ἐπὶ Κύνθου ἐβήσαο... ἄλλοτε δ' ἂν νήσους τε καὶ ἀνέρας . . h.Ap.142.    III man, opp. youth, unless the context determines the meaning, as in οὔ πως ἔστι νεωτέρῳ ἀνδρὶ μάχεσθαι ἄνδρα γέροντα Od.18.53; but ἀ. alone always means a man in the prime of life, esp. warrior, ἀ. ἕλεν ἄνδρα Il.15.328; so ἀ. ἀντ' ἀνδρὸς ἐλύθησαν Th.2.103; the several ages are given as παῖς, μειράκιον, ἀ., πρεσβύτης X.Smp.4.17; εἰς ἄνδρας ἐγγράφεσθαι, συντελεῖν, D.19.230, Isoc.12.212; εἰς ἄνδρας ἀναβῆναι BMus.Inscr.898; in Inscrr. relating to contests, opp. παῖδες, IG22.1138.10, etc.    IV man emphatically, man indeed, ἀνέρες ἄστε, φίλοι Il.5.529; freq. in Hdt., πολλοὶ μὲν ἄνθρωποι, ὀλίγοι δὲ ἄνδρες 7.210; πρόσθεν οὐκ ἀ. ὅδ' ἦν; S.Aj.77; ἄνδρα γίγνεσθαί σε χρή E.El.693; ἀ. γεγένησαι δι' ἐμέ Ar.Eq.1255; ὃ μαθὼν ἀ. ἔσει Id.Nu.823; ἄνδρας ἡγοῦνται μόνους τοὺς πλεῖστα δυναμένους καταφαγεῖν Id.Ach.77; εἰ ἄνδρες εἶεν οἱ στρατηγοί Th.4.27; οὐκέτι ἀ. ἀλλὰ σκευοφόρος X.Cyr.4.2.25; τὸν Αυκομήδην . . μόνον ἄνδρα ἡγοῦντο Id.HG7.1.24; οὐκ ἐν ἀνδράσι not like a man, E.Alc.723, cf. 732; ἀνδρὸς τὰ προσπίπτοντα γενναίως φέρειν 'tis the part of a man .., Men.771, etc.    V husband, Il.19.291, Od.24.196, Hdt.1.146, etc.; εἰς ἀνδρὸς ὥραν ἡκούσης τῆς κόρης Pl. Criti.113d; so ἐξοικιεῖν εἰς ἀνδρὸς [οἶκον] θυγατέρα Luc.Lex.11:—also of a paramour, opp. πόσις, S.Tr.551, cf. E.Hipp.491, Theoc.15.131; ἀ. ἁπασῶν τῶν γυναικῶν ἐστι νῦν Pherecr.155; αἰγῶν ἄνερ Theoc.8.49.    VI Special usages:    1 joined with titles, professions, etc., ἰητρὸς ἀ. Il.11.514; ἀ. μάντις, ἀ. στρατηγός, Hdt.6.83,92 (dub.); ἀ. νομεύς S.OT1118; ἄνδρες λοχῖται, λῃσταί, ἀσπιστῆρες, ib.751,842, Aj.565; esp. in disparagement, κλῶπες ἄ. E.Rh.645; ἀ. δημότης S. Ant.690; with names of nations, as Φοίνικες ἄ. Hdt.4.42; ἀ. Θρῇξ E. Hec.19,al.; esp. in addresses, ἄ. ἔφοροι Hdt.9.9; ἄ. πολῖται S.OT 513; ἄ. δικασταί D.21.1, etc.; ὦ ἄνδρες gentlemen of the jury, Antipho 1.1, Lys.1.1, etc.; ὦ ἄ. Ἀθηναῖοι Id.6.8, etc.: hence in Comedy, ἄ. ἰχθύες Archipp.29; ἄ. θεοί Luc.JTr.15; ὦ ἄ. κύνες Ath.4.160b.    2 ὁ ἀνήρ, by crasis Att. ἁνήρ, Ion. ὡνήρ, is freq. used emphatically for αὐτός, ἐκεῖνος Ar.V.269, prob. in Pl.Sph.216b, etc.: sts. so in oblique cases without the Art., S.Tr.55, 109, 293, etc.; but not in Prose.    3 ἀ. ὅδε, ὅδ' ἀ., in Trag., = ἐγώ, S.Aj.78, E.Alc.690, etc.    4 πᾶς ἀ. every man, every one, freq. in Pl.Lg.736c, al., cf. E.Or. 1523.    5 a man, any man, εἶτ' ἄνδρα τῶν αὑτοῦ τι χρὴ προϊέναι; Ar.Nu.1214; οὐ πρέπει νοῦν ἔχοντι ἀνδρί Pl.Phd.114d, etc.; οὐ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς . . ἐσθ' ὁ πλοῦς 'tis not every one that can go, Nicol.Com. 1.26.    6 ὦ δαιμόνι' ἀνδρῶν Eup.316; and often with a Sup., ὦ φίλτατ' ἀνδρῶν Phryn.Com.80, etc.    7 κατ' ἄνδρα viritim, Isoc. 12.180, POxy.1047 iii 11, BGU145.5, etc.; so τοὺς κατ' ἄνδρα individuals, opp. κοινῇ τὴν πόλιν, D.Chr.32.6.    8 In LXX, ἀνήρ = ἕκαστος, δότε μοι ἀνὴρ ἐνώτιον Jd.8.24; ἀ. τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ προσκολληθήσεται 'each to his fellow', of leviathan's scales, Jb.41.8; also ἀ. εἷς 4 Ki.6.2; with negs., ἀ. μὴ ἐπισκεπήτω ib.10.19; ἀνὴρ ἀνήρ any one, Le. 15.2.    9 ἄνδρας γράφειν· τὸ ἐν διδασκάλου τὰ παιδία ὀνόματα γράφειν, Hsch.    VII male animal, Arist.HA637b15.