ἱλαστήριος: Difference between revisions

{{Thayer

|txtha=ἱλαστηρια, [[ἱλαστήριον]] ([[ἱλάσκομαι]], [[which]] [[see]]), relating to [[appeasing]] or expiating, having placating or expiating [[force]], [[expiatory]]: [[μνῆμα]] [[ἱλαστήριον]], a [[monument]] built to [[propitiate]] God, Josephus, Antiquities 16,7, 1; [[ἱλαστήριος]] [[θάνατος]], χεῖρας ἱκετηριους, εἰ [[βούλει]] δέ ἱλαστηριους, ἐκτείνας Θεῷ, Niceph. in [[act]]. SS. edition Mai, vol. v., p. 335,17. Neuter τό [[ἱλαστήριον]], as a [[substantive]], a [[means]] of [[appeasing]] or expiating, a [[propitiation]] (German Versöhnungs- oder Sühnmittel); cf. Winer's Grammar, 96 (91); (592 (551)). So used of:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> the [[well-known]] [[cover]] of the [[ark]] of the [[covenant]] in the Holy of holies, [[which]] [[was]] sprinkled [[with]] the [[blood]] of the [[expiatory]] [[victim]] on the [[annual]] [[day]] of [[atonement]] ([[this]] [[rite]] signifying [[that]] the [[life]] of the [[people]], the [[loss]] of [[which]] [[they]] had [[merited]] by [[their]] sins, [[was]] offered to God in the [[blood]] as the [[life]] of the [[victim]], and [[that]] God by [[this]] [[ceremony]] [[was]] appeased and [[their]] sins were expiated); [[hence]], the [[lid]] of [[expiation]], the [[propitiatory]], Vulg. propitiatorium; Luth. Gnadensruhl (A. V. [[mercy]]-[[seat]]): Sept. [[ἱλαστήριον]] [[ἐπίθεμα]], כַּפֹּרֶת, from כִּפֶּר to [[cover]], [[namely]], sins, i. e. to [[pardon]]). Theodoret, Theophylact, Oecumenius, Luther, Grotius, Tholuck, Wilke, [[Philippi]], Umbreit (Cremer (4te Aufl.)) and others [[give]] [[this]] [[meaning]] to the [[word]] [[also]] in an [[expiatory]] [[sacrifice]]; a piacular [[victim]] (Vulg. propitiatio): χαριστηρια sacrifices expressive of [[gratitude]], [[thank]]-offerings, [[σωτηρία]] sacrifices for [[safety]] obtained. On the [[other]] [[hand]], in [[Dio]] Chrysostom or. 11,121, p. 355, Reiske edition, the [[reference]] is [[not]] to a [[sacrifice]] [[but]] to a [[monument]], as the [[preceding]] words [[show]]: καταλείψειν [[γάρ]] αὐτούς [[ἀνάθημα]] κάλλιστον καί μέγιστον τῇ Ἀθηνα καί ἐπιγράψειν, [[ἱλαστήριον]] Ἀχαιοι τῇ Ἰλιαδι). (See the [[full]] [[discussion]] of the [[word]] in Dr. Jets. Morison, Critical Exposition of the Third Chapter of the Epistle to the Romans , pp. 281-303.)  

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