σατράπης: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=-ου<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: "satrap", governor of the Persian king (since X.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">σατραπ-ικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the satrap</b> (Arist. etc.), f. <b class="b3">-ίς</b> (Philostr.), <b class="b3">-εύω</b> <b class="b2">to be a satrap, to rule as a satrap</b> (X. etc.) with <b class="b3">-εία</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ηΐη</b> f. <b class="b2">the office, the province of a satrap, satrapy</b> (since Hdt.); <b class="b3">-εῖα</b> n. pl. <b class="b2">the palace of a satrap</b> (Hld.).<br />Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.<br />Etymology: From OIran. <b class="b2">*xšaʮra-pā-</b> <b class="b2">protecting the empire</b> (OP <b class="b2">xšaça-pāvan-</b>), from <b class="b2">xšaʮra-</b> (s. on [[κτάομαι]]) and [[pāiti]] (s. on [[ποιμήν]]). The not rare, often attested forms in inscriptions <b class="b3">ξατρ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξα(ι)τρ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξαιθρ-</b> (also <b class="b3">σαδρ-</b>) represent partly the OP <b class="b2">xš-</b> and the internal dental more exactly (s. Eilers-Mayrhofer Sprache 6, 120 n. 59 [p. 121], Brandenstein Sprachgesch. und Wortbed. 60), but are also folketymolog. conditioned: <b class="b3">ἐξατρ-</b> after <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>; cf. Schwyzer 206 a. 329. The <b class="b3">αι-</b>diphthong is by Kretschmer Sprache 2, 70 with Lehmann-Haupt P. -W. s. Satrap col. 84 hardly convincingly derived from an unattested OIran. mixed form. -- Cf. also Skt. <b class="b2">kṣatrapa-</b> a. o., s. Schmitt ZDMG 117, 131.

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