λειμών: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=-ῶνος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">moist, grassy place, humid meadow</b> (Il.), metaph. of flowered surfaces and objects (Ach. Tat., Philostr.);<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">βαθυλείμων</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">-λειμος</b> (Il., with transition in the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems) <b class="b2">with grassy meadows</b>; <b class="b3">ἀ-λίμενος</b> <b class="b2">without harbour, refuge</b> (Att.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 77 f.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λειμώνιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the meadow</b> (A., Arist.), f. <b class="b3">-ιάς</b> (S., A. R.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> (D. P.), <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. plantname, <b class="b2">Statice limonium</b> (Dsc., Plin.); <b class="b3">λειμων-ιάτης λίθος</b> name of a grass-green stone (Plin.). With suffix-change (after <b class="b3">πῖδαξ</b>, <b class="b3">βῶλαξ</b> etc.) <b class="b3">λεῖμαξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ακος</b> f. [[meadow]] (E. in lyr.), [[garden]] (Pherecr.) with <b class="b3">-ακώδης</b> [[meadowlike]], [[grassy]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ακίδες νύμφαι</b> (Orph. A. 646; uncertain; codd. <b class="b3">λιμνακίδων</b>). - With diff. ablaut: <b class="b3">λιμήν</b>, <b class="b3">-ένος</b> m. <b class="b2">harbour, protected creek</b>, also metaph. [[refuge]] (Il.), <b class="b2">assembly-, marketplace</b> (Thess.; after H. also Cypr.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1,450f.). Dimin. <b class="b3">λιμένιον</b> (Str.; NGr. <b class="b3">λιμάνι</b> from Osm. [[liman]]; Maidhof Glotta 10, 14); <b class="b3">λιμένιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the harbour</b> (Paus.), <b class="b3">λιμενίτης</b>, f. <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> <b class="b2">inhabitant of a harbour</b> (Corycos), of Priapos resp. Artemis as harbourgod(dess) (AP; Redard 23), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ητικὰ χρήματα</b> <b class="b2">harbour-taxes</b> (Cod. Just., with analog. <b class="b3">-ητικά</b>, if not itacistic fr <b class="b3">-ιτικά</b>), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">build a harbour</b> (Polyaen.). - With enlargement after the <b class="b3">α-</b>stems and zero grade suffix (Schwyzer 524, Chantraine Form. 2 15): <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b> f. <b class="b2">standing water, pond, sea, marsh</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">Λίμναι</b> pl. place in Athens, in Sparta etc. (Att.); compp., e. g. <b class="b3">εὔ-λιμνος</b> <b class="b2">with many seas</b> (Arist.). Many derivv.: 1. diminut. <b class="b3">λιμνίον</b> n. (Arist.). 2. <b class="b3">λιμναῖος</b> <b class="b2">living in seas etc., belonging to the sea</b> (IA.); 3. <b class="b3">λιμνάς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus.). 4. <b class="b3">λιμνήτης</b>, <b class="b3">-τις</b> (<b class="b3">-ῖτις</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus., inscr.), <b class="b3">λιμνιτικά</b> n. pl. name of a tax (pap.). 5. <b class="b3">λιμνώδης</b> <b class="b2">sea-, marsh-like</b> (IA.). 6. plantname : <b class="b3">λιμν-ήσιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ησία</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστις</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρον</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρίς</b> (Dsc., Gal.). 7. Denomin. verbs: <b class="b3">λιμνάζω</b> <b class="b2">build a λ., stagnate, put under water</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">λιμνασμός</b> [[flood]], [[inundation]], <b class="b3">-αστής</b> <b class="b2">inund. surveyor</b>, <b class="b3">-αστεία</b> <b class="b2">inund. work</b> (pap.), <b class="b3">-ασία</b> <b class="b2">marshy bottom</b> (Arist.); <b class="b3">λιμνόομαι</b> <b class="b2">build a λ.</b> (Thphr., Str.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [662?] <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [not well mentioned in Pok.]<br />Etymology: The primary formations <b class="b3">λει-μών</b> and <b class="b3">λι-μήν</b> (with <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b>), which show both in stem as in suffix old ablaut (Schwyzer 521 f., Chantraine Form. 170), are isolated in Greek and have outside Greek no counterpart; for the etymology we have only suppositions. Starting from the idea <b class="b2">moistness, standing water etc.</b> (thus Benveniste Origines 123) Bq with J. Schmidt Zur Gesch. d. idg. Vocalismus 2, 259 f. wants to connect Lat. [[līmus]] [[mud]], to which may belong, with anlaut. <b class="b2">sl-</b>, the words mentioned under <b class="b3">λείμαξ</b>; also those unser <b class="b3">λείβω</b> , e. g. OCS <b class="b2">lьjǫ</b> (with perhaps Lat. [[lītus]] "floodarea") might be considered. - Quite diff. WP. 1, 158 and Pok. 309: prop. *'low-lying, Einbuchtung' (cf. e. g. NHG [[Anger]] to <b class="b3">ἀγκ-</b> in <b class="b3">ἀγκ-ύλος</b> etc.) to Lat. [[līmus]] [[oblique]], [[līmen]] [[threshold]], withou <b class="b2">m-</b>suffix e. g. Latv. [[leja]] [[dale]], [[valley]].

}}