ὄζω: Difference between revisions

{{etym

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to smell, to scent</b> (ion. att.)<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ὄσδω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> (Theoc., Xenoph.) with <b class="b3">ὀζῆσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ὀζήσω</b> (Att.), also <b class="b3">ὀζέσαι</b>, <b class="b3">-έσω</b> (Hp. Superf., hell.), plupf. <b class="b3">ὀδώδει</b> (Od.), perf. <b class="b3">ὄδωδα</b> (hell.).<br />Compounds: Also w. prefix as <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b>. As 1. member in the governing comp. <b class="b3">ὀζό-στομος</b> <b class="b2">with smelling breath</b> (AP, M. Ant.), as 2. member in plantnames like <b class="b3">κυν-όζ-ολον</b> (Ps.-Dsc.); cf. Strömberg 60f.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ὀδμή</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">ὀσμή</b> (Att., Hippon.; on <b class="b3">σμ</b> from <b class="b3">δμ</b> below) f. [[odour]], [[scent]]; as 2. member e.g. in <b class="b3">εὔ-οδμος</b>, <b class="b3">-οσμος</b> <b class="b2">sweet-smelling, odorous</b> (Pi.), also in <b class="b3">ὄνοσμα</b> n. plantname? (Dsc.; Strömberg 61); from it <b class="b3">ὀδμ-αλέος</b> (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ήεις</b> (Nic.), <b class="b3">-ηνός</b> (H.; cod. <b class="b3">ὄδ-</b>) <b class="b2">strong-smelling</b>; <b class="b3">ὀσμ-ώδης</b> (Arist., Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b>, <b class="b3">-ήρης</b> (Nic.) <b class="b2">id.</b>; <b class="b3">ὀσμύλ-η</b>, <b class="b3">-ος</b>, <b class="b3">-ιον</b> <b class="b2">strong-smelling octopus</b> (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">ὀσμ-ίτης</b> (Gloss.), <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> (Ps.-Dsc.) plantname (Redard 75), <b class="b3">-άς</b> f. = <b class="b3">ὄνοσμα</b> (Dsc.); <b class="b3">ὀδμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ὀσμ-άομαι</b> <b class="b2">to scent</b> (ion., Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ησις</b> (Aret.). -- 2. From the present: <b class="b3">ὄζ-αινα</b> f. = <b class="b3">ὀσμύλη</b> (Call.), <b class="b2">stinking adenoid</b> (Gal.) with <b class="b3">-αινικός</b> <b class="b2">belonging to the ὄζαινα</b> (Ps.-Dsc.); <b class="b3">ὄζολις</b> f. = <b class="b3">ὀσμόλη</b> (Arist.); <b class="b3">ὄζη</b> f. <b class="b2">malodorant breath</b> (Cels.), <b class="b2">skin of the wild ass</b> (Suid.; because of the smell); <b class="b3">ὀζηλίς ἡ βοτάνη</b> (Theognost.); <b class="b3">ὀζώδης</b> = <b class="b3">ὀδμώδης</b> (EM, sch.); also <b class="b3">Όζόλαι</b> m. pl. name of a Locrian people (Hdt., Str., Plu. with diff. interpretations)? Lengthened present <b class="b3">ὀζαίνομαι</b> = <b class="b3">ὄζω</b> (Sophr.; after <b class="b3">ὀσφραίνομαι</b>; Schwyzer 733 w. lit.). -- 3. From the perf.: <b class="b3">ὀδωδή</b> f. [[scent]] (AP). -- 4. <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> in <b class="b3">εὑ-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">sweet-smelling, odorous</b> (Il.) etc.; very productive with quite faded meaning (Chantraine Form. 429 ff., Schwyzer 426 w. lit.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [772] <b class="b2">*h₃ed-</b> [[smell]]<br />Etymology: Apart from the perf. <b class="b3">ὄδωδα</b> all verbal forms are innovations based on the pres. <b class="b3">ὄζω</b>. The derivations too are based largely on th present. On its own are however <b class="b3">ὀδωδή</b> (derived from the perfect?), but also the in Greek isolated <b class="b3">ὀδμή</b> and <b class="b3">-ώδης</b>. Both can be old, if <b class="b3">ὀδμή</b> agrees with Alb. <b class="b2">amë</b> <b class="b2">unpleasant smell</b> (IE <b class="b2">*od-mā</b>), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> represents the s-stem of Lat. [[odor]], OLat. [[odōs]], prob. seen also in Arm. [[hot]], gen. <b class="b2">-oy</b> (h- second.) [[smell]], [[odour]], IE <b class="b2">*odos-</b>, either with compositional lengthening or with old lengthened grade (IE <b class="b2">*ōdos-</b>; cf. Lith. <b class="b2">úodžiu</b> below) as in Arm. <b class="b2">-ut</b> (e.g. <b class="b2">hr-ut</b> = <b class="b3">πυρώδης</b> from [[hur]] = <b class="b3">πῦρ</b>) beside <b class="b2">-ot</b> (e.g. <b class="b2">bor-ot</b> <b class="b2">w. florescence</b>). However <b class="b3">ὀσμή</b> not with Brugmann Grundr.2 II: 1, 251 a.o. from <b class="b3">*ὀδ-σ-μά</b> but purely phonetically from <b class="b3">ὀδ-μά</b>, s. Schwyzer 208; cf. also [[ὀσφραίνομαι]]. -- Both IE <b class="b2">*od-mā</b> and <b class="b2">*odos-</b> presuppose a primary rootpresent, which is retained in themat. form in Lat. <b class="b2">ol-ō</b>, <b class="b2">ol-ere</b> (with [[l]] for [[d]]); beside it the more usual innovation <b class="b2">ol-e-ō</b>, <b class="b2">-ēre</b> (after the intransitives). The yot-pressent <b class="b3">ὄζω</b> differs only in the vowellength from Balt., e.g. Lith. <b class="b2">úodžiu</b> [[smell]]; we now know that the Baltic form has a long vowel because of Winter's Law (lengthening before voiced consonant). Arm. <b class="b2">hot-im</b> [[smell]] is a denominative of [[hot]] (s. above). To the redupl. perf. <b class="b3">ὄδ-ωδ-α</b> presents the Arm. pres. <b class="b2">hot-ot-im</b> (with intensive reduplication) a close formal parallel. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 1, 174, Pok. 772f., W.-Hofmann s. [[odor]], Ernout-Meillet s. [[odor]] (important for the morphology); cf. Porzig Gliederung 177 and Satzinhalte 289.

}}