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ὄμβρος: Difference between revisions
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">rain, shower, thunder rain</b>, also [[rainwater]], metaph. [[water]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in <b class="b3">ὀμβρο-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">bringing rain</b> (A., Ar.); often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">ἔπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κάτ-ομβρος</b> <b class="b2">rainy, wet because of rain</b> (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 108f., 145).<br />Derivatives: Several adj.: <b class="b3">ὄμβρ-ιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to rain, like rain</b> (Pi., Ion.), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> [[wet]] (Hes.), <b class="b3">-ηλός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theognost.: cf. <b class="b3">ὑδρηλός</b> and Chantraine Form. 242), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">abundant in rain</b> (Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Vett. Val.), <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> = <b class="b2">belonging to rain, rainy</b> (Nic. Th. 388, v.l., PMag. Lond.; Arbenz 25); also <b class="b3">ἀνομβρήεις</b> <b class="b2">abundant in rain</b> (Nic. Al. 288, <b class="b3">Ὄλυμπος</b>, from <b class="b3">ἀν-ομβρέω</b>; cf. below). -- Subst. <b class="b3">ὀμβρία</b> f. [[rain]] (sch.; cf. <b class="b3">ἀντλία</b>, <b class="b3">ὑετία</b> a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 54f.). -- Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">ὀμβρέω</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆσαι</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to (make) rain, to bewet</b> (Hes., LXX, A. R.) with (<b class="b3">ἐπ-)όμβρησις</b> f. <b class="b2">raining etc.</b> (Suid., sch.), <b class="b3">ὄμβρημα</b> n. [[rainwater]] (LXX); 2. <b class="b3">ὀμβρίζω</b> = <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Eust.); 3. <b class="b3">ὀμβροῦται</b> [[imbricitur]] (Gloss.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ὄμβρος</b> one compares first Lat. [[imber]], <b class="b2">-ris</b> -n. <b class="b2">rain(shower)</b> with the same meaning with perh. second. <b class="b2">i-</b>flexion; Further, with slightly deviating meaning, Skt. <b class="b2">abhrá-m</b> n. [[cloud]]. One assumed that <b class="b3">β</b> after nasal could represent an aspirate, which is wrong (pace Schwyzer 333), so <b class="b2">abhra-</b> must be left out (for [[imber]] also <b class="b2">*embhro-</b> is possible). One assumed in these words an <b class="b2">r-</b>stem and beside it an <b class="b2">s-</b>stem, which was seen in Skt. <b class="b2">ámbhas</b> n. [[water]], also [[rainwater]] [for the same reason Arm. [[amb]], [[amp]], gen. <b class="b2">-oy</b> [[cloud]] must be left out.] -- There is no connection with <b class="b3">νέφος</b>, <b class="b3">νεφέλη</b> etc. -- Further several Europ. rivernames of Celt. origin(?) have been compared with <b class="b3">ὄμβρος</b>, e.g. NHG [[Amper]], Engl. [[Amber]]. -- So wrong Pok. 315f. - So <b class="b3">ομβρος</b> has no etymology; Szemerenyi, Syncope 241f, 249 assumes a loanword (= a Pre-Greek word). | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">rain, shower, thunder rain</b>, also [[rainwater]], metaph. [[water]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: As 1. member e.g. in <b class="b3">ὀμβρο-φόρος</b> <b class="b2">bringing rain</b> (A., Ar.); often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">ἔπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κάτ-ομβρος</b> <b class="b2">rainy, wet because of rain</b> (Hp., Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 108f., 145).<br />Derivatives: Several adj.: <b class="b3">ὄμβρ-ιος</b> <b class="b2">belonging to rain, like rain</b> (Pi., Ion.), <b class="b3">-ηρός</b> [[wet]] (Hes.), <b class="b3">-ηλός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theognost.: cf. <b class="b3">ὑδρηλός</b> and Chantraine Form. 242), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> <b class="b2">abundant in rain</b> (Thphr.), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Vett. Val.), <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> = <b class="b2">belonging to rain, rainy</b> (Nic. Th. 388, v.l., PMag. Lond.; Arbenz 25); also <b class="b3">ἀνομβρήεις</b> <b class="b2">abundant in rain</b> (Nic. Al. 288, <b class="b3">Ὄλυμπος</b>, from <b class="b3">ἀν-ομβρέω</b>; cf. below). -- Subst. <b class="b3">ὀμβρία</b> f. [[rain]] (sch.; cf. <b class="b3">ἀντλία</b>, <b class="b3">ὑετία</b> a.o., Scheller Oxytonierung 54f.). -- Verbs: 1. <b class="b3">ὀμβρέω</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆσαι</b>, also with <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b> a.o., <b class="b2">to (make) rain, to bewet</b> (Hes., LXX, A. R.) with (<b class="b3">ἐπ-)όμβρησις</b> f. <b class="b2">raining etc.</b> (Suid., sch.), <b class="b3">ὄμβρημα</b> n. [[rainwater]] (LXX); 2. <b class="b3">ὀμβρίζω</b> = <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Eust.); 3. <b class="b3">ὀμβροῦται</b> [[imbricitur]] (Gloss.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: With <b class="b3">ὄμβρος</b> one compares first Lat. [[imber]], <b class="b2">-ris</b> -n. <b class="b2">rain(shower)</b> with the same meaning with perh. second. <b class="b2">i-</b>flexion; Further, with slightly deviating meaning, Skt. <b class="b2">abhrá-m</b> n. [[cloud]]. One assumed that <b class="b3">β</b> after nasal could represent an aspirate, which is wrong (pace Schwyzer 333), so <b class="b2">abhra-</b> must be left out (for [[imber]] also <b class="b2">*embhro-</b> is possible). One assumed in these words an <b class="b2">r-</b>stem and beside it an <b class="b2">s-</b>stem, which was seen in Skt. <b class="b2">ámbhas</b> n. [[water]], also [[rainwater]] [for the same reason Arm. [[amb]], [[amp]], gen. <b class="b2">-oy</b> [[cloud]] must be left out.] -- There is no connection with <b class="b3">νέφος</b>, <b class="b3">νεφέλη</b> etc. -- Further several Europ. rivernames of Celt. origin(?) have been compared with <b class="b3">ὄμβρος</b>, e.g. NHG [[Amper]], Engl. [[Amber]]. -- So wrong Pok. 315f. - So <b class="b3">ομβρος</b> has no etymology; Szemerenyi, Syncope 241f, 249 assumes a loanword (= a Pre-Greek word). | ||
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|ftr='''ὄμβρος''': {ómbros}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Regen]], [[Regenguß]], [[Gewitterregen]], auch [[Regenwasser]], übertr. [[das Naß]] (seit Il.).<br />'''Composita''' : Als Vorderglied z.B. in [[ὀμβροφόρος]] [[Regen bringend]] (A., Ar.); oft als Hinterglied, z.B. ἔπ-, [[κάτομβρος]] [[regnerisch]], [[vom Regen durchnäßt]] (Hp., Arist. usw.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 108f., 145).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon mehrere Adj.: [[ὄμβριος]] [[zum Regen gehörig]], [[regenartig]] (Pi., ion. usw.), -ηρός [[regnerisch]] (Hes.), -ηλός ib. (Theognost.: [[ὑδρηλός]] und Chantraine Form. 242), -ώδης [[regenreich]] (Thphr. u.a.), -ικός ib. (Vett. Val.), -ιμος = [[zum Regen gehorig]], [[regnerisch]] (Nik. ''Th''. 388, v.l., ''PMag''. ''Lond''.; Arbenz 25); auch [[ἀνομβρήεις]] [[regenreich]] (Nik. ''Al''. 288, [[Ὄλυμπος]], von [[ἀνομβρέω]]; vgl. unten). — Subst. [[ὀμβρία]] f. [[Regen]] (Sch.; vgl. [[ἀντλία]], [[ὑετία]] u.a., Scheller Oxytonierung 54f.). — Verba: 1. [[ὀμβρέω]], -ῆσαι, auch mit ἀν-, ἐπ- u.a., ‘regnen (lassen), be- netzen’ (Hes., LXX, A. R. usw.) mit (ἐπ-)όμβρησις f. [[das Regnen]] (Suid., Sch.), [[ὄμβρημα]] n. [[Regenwasser]] (LXX); 2. [[ὀμβρίζω]] = -έω (Eust.); 3. ὀμβροῦται· ''imbricitur'' (Gloss.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Zu [[ὄμβρος]] gesellt sich in erster Linie das gleichbedeutende lat. ''imber'', -''ris'' -n. ‘Regen(guß)’ mit wahrsch. sekund. ''i''-Flexion; hinzu kommt, in der Bed. etwas abweichend, aind. ''abhrá''-''m'' n. [[Wolke]]. Da β nach Nasal eine Aspirata vertreten kann (Schwyzer 333), ergeben sich als Grundformen idg. *''ómbhro''-''s'' bzw. *''m̥bhró''- (für ''imber'' wäre auch *''embhro''- möglich). Neben dem darin enthaltenen ''r''- Stamm steht wie oft ein ''s''-Stamm in aind. ''ámbhas'' n. [[Wasser]], auch [[Regenwasser]], idg. *''émbhos''- n., daneben ein ''u''-Stamm in dem schwierigen ''ámbu'' n. [[Wasser]] (s. Mayrhofer s.v.); in arm. ''amb'', ''amp'', Gen. -''oy'' [[Wolke]] (idg. *''m̥b''(''h'')-, allenfalls *''omb''(''h'')-) kann der ''o''-Stamm sekundär sein. — Wie sich diese ziemlich wohl zusammengehaltene Gruppe zu [[νέφος]], [[νεφέλη]] u. Verw. verhält, bleibt eine offene Frage; ein uralter Ablaut ''embh''-(< ''enbh''-) : ''nebh''- ist nicht ausgeschlossen (s. bes. zu [[ὀμφαλός]]). — Zu [[ὄμβρος]] usw. wohl auch mehrere europ. Flußnamen kelt. Ursprungs, z.B. nhd. ''Amper'', engl. ''Amber''; ganz fraglich dagegen toch. A ''epre''(''r''), B ''iprer'' [[Luftraum]], vgl. Pedersen Tocharisch 235. — Einzelheiten m. reicher Lit. WP. 1, 131f., W.-Hofmann s. ''imber'', Pok. 315f. S. auch 2. [[ὀμφή]].<br />'''Page''' 2,384-385 | |||
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