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ῥάσσω: Difference between revisions
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to beat, to smash, to thrust, to stamp</b> (also of dancers), intr. <b class="b2">to strike, to dash</b> (hell.).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">ῥάττω</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> (ep. Σ 571, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b> ῥάσσω Ω 454, 456, h.Ap. 516, also LXX, NT), fut. <b class="b3">ῥάξω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ῥᾶξαι</b> (Att., hell.), <b class="b3">ῥαχθῆναι</b> (LXX).<br />Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">σύρ-</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσ-ραξις</b> f. [[crash]], [[impact]] (Arist., pap.), <b class="b3">ἀπό-</b> ῥάσσω n. of a ball-game (Poll., Eust.). 2. <b class="b3">κατα-ρράκτης</b> as adj. <b class="b2">rushing down, precipitous</b> (S., Str.), as subst. m. [[waterfall]] (D. S., Str.), <b class="b2">portcullis, boarding bridge</b> (LXX, App. a.o.), n. bird that sweeps down (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">Κατα-ρρήκτης</b> m. n. of a river in Phrygia (Hdt.); <b class="b3">κατα-ρρακτήρ</b> <b class="b2">rushing down</b> (Lyc.; of a bird). 3. <b class="b3">ῥακτήριον ὄρχησίς τις</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρια τύμπανα</b> H., <b class="b3">ῥακτήριος</b> approx. <b class="b2">suitable for beating</b>, also [[clamorous]]? (S. Fr. 802 u. 699); <b class="b3">ῥάκτριαι</b> f. (<b class="b3">-ια</b> n.?) pl. <b class="b2">staffs, to beat off olives</b> (Poll., H., Phot.). On <b class="b3">ῥάγ-δην</b>, <b class="b3">-δαῖος</b> s. [[ῥαγή]]; on [[ῥαχία]] s.v.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Rather rare verb, which in the koine was confused with <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b>. Without certain connection. As before the <b class="b3">ῥ-</b> a consonant must have disappeared, an original PGr. <b class="b3">*Ϝράχ-ι̯ω</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ῥαχ-ία</b>) can be identified with a Slavic verb for [[beat]] (also with loss of <b class="b2">u̯-</b>), e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">razítь</b>, Czech. [[raziti]], to which a.o. Czech. <b class="b2">ráz</b> [[stroke]], [[stamp]], Russ. [[raz]] [[turn]], IE <b class="b2">*u̯rāǵ(h)-</b> (WP. 1, 318f. with Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 24 f.). The Slav. words, however, have also been connected with Russ. <b class="b2">rézatь</b> [[cut]], [[slaughter]], OCS <b class="b2">rězati</b> <b class="b3">κόπτειν</b>' etc. and so with <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b> (s. Vasmer s. [[raz]] II and Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">rė́zti</b> 1), which however clearly semant. slightly deviate. (As in Greek <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> and <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b>, so in Slav. the corresponding verbs may have partly coalesced. -- The attractive connection with <b class="b3">ἀράσσω</b> (Bechtel Lex. s. <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> with Joh. Schmidt; cf. <b class="b3">ταλα-</b> : <b class="b3">τλα-</b>, <b class="b3">ταράξαι</b> : <b class="b3">θράσσω</b>) would require a PGr. <b class="b3">*Ϝαράχ-ι̯ω</b>; but there is no trace of a <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>. Cf. [[ῥάχις]]. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to beat, to smash, to thrust, to stamp</b> (also of dancers), intr. <b class="b2">to strike, to dash</b> (hell.).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">ῥάττω</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> (ep. Σ 571, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b> ῥάσσω Ω 454, 456, h.Ap. 516, also LXX, NT), fut. <b class="b3">ῥάξω</b>, aor. <b class="b3">ῥᾶξαι</b> (Att., hell.), <b class="b3">ῥαχθῆναι</b> (LXX).<br />Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">σύρ-</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσ-ραξις</b> f. [[crash]], [[impact]] (Arist., pap.), <b class="b3">ἀπό-</b> ῥάσσω n. of a ball-game (Poll., Eust.). 2. <b class="b3">κατα-ρράκτης</b> as adj. <b class="b2">rushing down, precipitous</b> (S., Str.), as subst. m. [[waterfall]] (D. S., Str.), <b class="b2">portcullis, boarding bridge</b> (LXX, App. a.o.), n. bird that sweeps down (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">Κατα-ρρήκτης</b> m. n. of a river in Phrygia (Hdt.); <b class="b3">κατα-ρρακτήρ</b> <b class="b2">rushing down</b> (Lyc.; of a bird). 3. <b class="b3">ῥακτήριον ὄρχησίς τις</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρια τύμπανα</b> H., <b class="b3">ῥακτήριος</b> approx. <b class="b2">suitable for beating</b>, also [[clamorous]]? (S. Fr. 802 u. 699); <b class="b3">ῥάκτριαι</b> f. (<b class="b3">-ια</b> n.?) pl. <b class="b2">staffs, to beat off olives</b> (Poll., H., Phot.). On <b class="b3">ῥάγ-δην</b>, <b class="b3">-δαῖος</b> s. [[ῥαγή]]; on [[ῥαχία]] s.v.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Rather rare verb, which in the koine was confused with <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b>. Without certain connection. As before the <b class="b3">ῥ-</b> a consonant must have disappeared, an original PGr. <b class="b3">*Ϝράχ-ι̯ω</b> (cf. <b class="b3">ῥαχ-ία</b>) can be identified with a Slavic verb for [[beat]] (also with loss of <b class="b2">u̯-</b>), e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">razítь</b>, Czech. [[raziti]], to which a.o. Czech. <b class="b2">ráz</b> [[stroke]], [[stamp]], Russ. [[raz]] [[turn]], IE <b class="b2">*u̯rāǵ(h)-</b> (WP. 1, 318f. with Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 24 f.). The Slav. words, however, have also been connected with Russ. <b class="b2">rézatь</b> [[cut]], [[slaughter]], OCS <b class="b2">rězati</b> <b class="b3">κόπτειν</b>' etc. and so with <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b> (s. Vasmer s. [[raz]] II and Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">rė́zti</b> 1), which however clearly semant. slightly deviate. (As in Greek <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> and <b class="b3">ῥήγνυμι</b>, so in Slav. the corresponding verbs may have partly coalesced. -- The attractive connection with <b class="b3">ἀράσσω</b> (Bechtel Lex. s. <b class="b3">ῥήσσω</b> with Joh. Schmidt; cf. <b class="b3">ταλα-</b> : <b class="b3">τλα-</b>, <b class="b3">ταράξαι</b> : <b class="b3">θράσσω</b>) would require a PGr. <b class="b3">*Ϝαράχ-ι̯ω</b>; but there is no trace of a <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>. Cf. [[ῥάχις]]. | ||
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|ftr='''ῥάσσω''': (hell.),<br />{rhássō}<br />'''Forms''': att. [[ῥάττω]], ion. [[ῥήσσω]] (ep. seit Σ 571, ἐπι- ~ Ω 454, 456, ''h''.''Ap''. 516, auch LXX, NT u.a.), Fut. ῥάξω, Aor. ῥᾶξαι (att., hell.), ῥαχθῆναι (LXX usw.),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘schlagen, niederschmettern, stoßen, stamp- fen’ (auch von Tänzern), intr. [[losschlagen]], [[losstürzen]].<br />'''Composita''' : auch m. Präfix, z.B. ἐπι-, συν-, κατα-,<br />'''Derivative''': Davon 1. σύρ-, [[πρόσραξις]] f. ‘Zusammen-, Anstoß’ (Arist., Pap. u.a.), [[ἀπό]]- ~ N. eines Ballspiels (Poll., Eust.). 2. [[καταρράκτης]] als Adj. [[herabstürzend]], [[abschüssig]] (S., Str.), als Subst. m. [[Wasserfall]] (D. S., Str.), [[Fallgatter]], [[Enterbrücke]] (LXX, App. u.a.), N. eines herabstürzenden Vogels (Ar., Arist. usw.), Καταρρήκτης m. N. eines Flusses in Phrygien (Hdt.); [[καταρρακτήρ]] [[herabstürzend]] (Lyk.; von einem Vogel). 3. ῥακτήριον· ὄρχησίς [[τις]], -τήρια· τύμπανα H., [[ῥακτήριος]] etwa [[zum Schlagen geeignet]], auch [[lärmend]]? (S. ''Fr''. 802 u. 699); ῥάκτριαι f. (-ια n.?) pl. [[Stäbe]], [[um Oliven abzuschlagen]] (Poll., H., Phot.). Zu [[ῥάγδην]], -δαῖος s. [[ῥαγή]]; zu [[ῥαχία]] bes. Verhältnismäßig seltenes Verb, das in der Koine mit [[ῥήγνυμι]] zusammengeworfen wurde.<br />'''Etymology''' : Ohne sichere Anknüpfung. Da vor ῥ- ein Konsonant geschwunden sein muß, kann ein urgr. *ϝράχι̯ω (vgl. [[ῥαχία]]) mit einem slavischen Verb für [[schlagen]] (ebenfalls mit ''u̯''-Schwund) identifiziert werden, z.B. russ. ''razítь'', ''č''ech. ''raziti'', wozu u.a. ''č''ech. ''ráz'' [[Schlag]], [[Gepräge]], russ. ''raz'' [[Mal]], idg. *''u̯rāĝ''(''h'')- (WP. 1, 318f. mit Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 24 f.). Die slav. Wörter sind aber auch mit russ. ''rézatь'' [[schneiden]], [[schlachten]], aksl. ''rězati'' ’κόπτειν’ usw. und dadurch mit [[ῥήγνυμι]] verbunden worden (s. Vasmer s. ''raz'' II und Fraenkel s. ''rė́zti'' 1), die aber unleugbar semantisch davon etwas abweichen. Wie im Griech. [[ῥήσσω]] und [[ῥήγνυμι]] können übrigens im Slav. die entsprechenden Verba z.T. zusammengeflossen sein. — Die begrifflich sehr ansprechende Anknüpfung an [[ἀράσσω]] (Bechtel Lex. s. [[ῥήσσω]] mit Joh. Schmidt; vgl. ταλα- : τλα-, ταράξαι : [[θράσσω]]) scheint ein urgr. *ϝαράχι̯ω vorauszusetzen; von ϝ- fehlt aber jede Spur. Vgl. zu [[ῥάχις]].<br />'''Page''' 2,643-644 | |||
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