κρέας: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, Dor. κρῆς (q.v.), Ep. κρεῖας dub. cj. in <span class="bibl">Anan.5.3</span>; Att. gen. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> κρέως <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>728</span>; Cret. κρίως <span class="title">GDI</span>5128 (Vaxos): pl. κρέα <span class="title">IG</span>12.84.26, etc.; gen. κρεῶν <span class="bibl">Od.15.98</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.73</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.7, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>191</span>, etc.; Ep. κρειῶν <span class="bibl">Il.11.551</span>, al., <b class="b3">κρεάων [ᾰ</b>] <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>130</span>; dat. κρέασι <span class="bibl">Il.12.311</span>, <b class="b3">κρέεσσι</b> Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.47</span>, <b class="b3">κρεάεσσι</b> Epic.in <span class="title">Arch.Pap.</span>7.4. [κρέᾰ Hom., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>126</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>363</span>, al., <b class="b3">κρέ</b>) elided <span class="bibl">Od.3.65</span>, <span class="bibl">470</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span> 558</span>, κρέᾱ <span class="bibl">Antiph.20</span> (s.v.l.).]:—<b class="b2">flesh, meat</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.477</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἄρνειον κ</b>. <b class="b2">piece</b> of lamb, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.45</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1137</span>; ἐρίφειον <span class="bibl">Antiph.222.6</span>; τρία κρέα [ἢ] καὶ πλείω <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.2</span>; τέτταρα… κρέα μικρά <span class="bibl">Antiph. 172.3</span> (anap.): pl., mostly in collect. sense, <b class="b2">dressed meat</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.65</span>, etc.; κ. ἑφθά <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.23</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ἀνάβραστα, ὠπτημένα</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>553</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>894</span>; κ. ὀρνίθεια <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Nu.</span>339</span>; βοῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span>1280</span>; βόεια <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>338c</span>; δαῖτα παιδείων κρεῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1242</span>, <span class="bibl">1593</span>; <b class="b3">κ. Ἀθηναίοις μερίζειν, νέμειν τῷ δήμῳ</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.334.15, 24. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">carcass</b>: hence, <b class="b2">body, person</b>, <b class="b3">τοῦδε τοῦ κρέως</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">ἐμοῦ</b>) S.l.c. (satyric): in Com. addresses, like [[κάρα]], ὦ δεξιώτατον κρέας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>421</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">457</span>: prov., <b class="b3">ὁ λαγὼς τὸν περὶ τῶν κρεῶν [δρόμον] τρέχει</b> 'to save one's bacon', <span class="bibl">Zen.4.85</span>, cf. Plu.2.1087b; so νεναυμάχηκε τὴν περὶ τῶν κρεῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>191</span>, v. Sch. (κρεϝας, cf. Skt. <b class="b2">krauís</b> 'raw meat', Lat. <b class="b2">cruor</b>.) </span>

|elnltext=κρέας κρέως en κρέατος, τό, Dor. κρῆς, gen. κρέως, κρέατος; dat. κρέᾳ, κρέατι; plur. κρέα, κρέατα; gen. κρεῶν, κρεάτων, ep. κρεάων en κρειῶν; dat. κρέασι, ep. κρεάεσσι en κρέεσσι, vlees; portie vlees:; τοῦτο πόρε κρέας... Δημοδόκῳ geef deze portie vlees aan Demodocus Od. 8.477; κρέα ὀρνίθεια gevogelte Aristoph. Nub. 339; lijf, persoon:; νεναυμάχηκε τὴν περὶ τῶν κρεῶν hij heeft in de zeeslag voor zijn leven gevochten Aristoph. Ran. 191; als vocat.. ὦ δεξιώτατον κρέας allerhandigst stuk vreten! Aristoph. Eq. 421.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">meat, piece of meat</b>.<br />Other forms: Gen. <b class="b3">κρέως</b> (sec. <b class="b3">κρέατος</b>; Attica 338a); Pl. nom. <b class="b3">κρέα</b> (Il., innovation; very uncertain <b class="b3">κρέατα</b> Od.), gen. <b class="b3">κρεῶν</b> (IA.), also <b class="b3">κρειῶν</b> (Hom.; prob. for <b class="b3">κρεέων</b>), <b class="b3">κρεάων</b> (h. Merc. 130; Zumbach Neuerungen 3), dat. <b class="b3">κρέασι</b> (Il.), also <b class="b3">κρέεσσι</b> (Orac. ap. Hdt. 1, 47), <b class="b3">κρεάεσσι</b> (late Ep.).<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. <b class="b3">κρῆς</b><br />Compounds: As 1. member usually <b class="b3">κρεο-</b> (after the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems), e.g. <b class="b3">κρεο-κοπέω</b> <b class="b2">cut meat</b> (A., E.), also <b class="b3">κρεω-</b> (after <b class="b3">γεω-</b>, <b class="b3">λεω-</b> a. o.) as v. l. and e.g. in <b class="b3">κρεω-δαίτης</b> <b class="b2">meat-distributor</b> (Phld.), <b class="b3">κρε-άγρα</b> <b class="b2">meat-pincer</b> (Ar.; elision, from <b class="b3">κρεο-</b>), <b class="b3">κρεα-νόμος</b>, <b class="b3">-έω</b>, <b class="b3">-ία</b> <b class="b2">distributing meat</b> (E., Is., hell.; after <b class="b3">ἀγορα-νόμος</b>; after this <b class="b3">κρεα-δοτέω</b>, <b class="b3">-σία</b>), <b class="b3">κρεη-φαγέω</b> <b class="b2">eat meat</b> (Hp., analogical beside <b class="b3">κρεο-φ</b>.). Details on the inflection Schwyzer 516, Sommer <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 2, 145 ff., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 209 f.; on the form of the 1. member Solmsen Unt. 23 n. 1. Rarely as 2. member: <b class="b3">πάγ-κρεας</b> [[sweetbread]], [[pancreas]] (Arist., medic.), <b class="b3">γλυκύ-κρεος</b> <b class="b2">with sweet meat</b> (Sophr.) a. o.<br />Derivatives: Diminut. <b class="b3">κρεᾳδιον</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">κρεΐσκος</b> (Alex. 189), <b class="b3">κρεύλλιον</b> (Theognost.); with <b class="b3">κρεώδης</b> [[meaty]] (Arist., Thphr.), <b class="b3">κρεῖον</b> <b class="b2">butcher stall</b> (I 206; H. <b class="b3">κρήϊον</b>), after <b class="b3">ἀγγεῖον</b> a.o.; not with Specht KZ 62, 230 n. 2 and Ursprung 126 from <b class="b3">*κρέϜι-ον</b> with old <b class="b2">i-</b>stem; quite uncertain <b class="b3">κρηστήριον</b> (Attica IVa).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [621] <b class="b2">*kreu₂-</b> [[flesh]]<br />Etymology: But for the accent <b class="b3">κρέας</b> can be identical with Skt. <b class="b2">kravíṣ-</b> n. <b class="b2">raw flesh</b>; basis <b class="b2">*kreuh₂s-</b> n. Wrong Benveniste Origines 31. Skt. <b class="b2">krūr-á-</b> [[raw]], [[bloody]] < <b class="b2">*kruh₂-ro-</b>. Beside it Skt. <b class="b2">kravyám</b> n. <b class="b2">raw flesh</b> = OPr. [[krawian]] n., Lith. <b class="b2">kraũjas</b> m. [[blood]] (all <b class="b2">*kreuh₂-i̯-</b>); with diff. ablaut e.g. OCS [[krъvь]] f. [[blood]] (<b class="b2">*kruh-i-</b>). - More forms Pok. 621f., W.-Hofmann s. [[cruor]], [[crūdus]], [[cruentus]], Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">kraũjas</b>, Vasmer Russ. et.Wb. s. [[krovь]].<br />See also: S. auch [[κρύος]].