ἐσθλός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, Aeol. ἔσλος Sapph.28, <span class="bibl">Alc.96</span> : Dor. ἐσλός, ά, όν, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.73</span>, etc. (never in B.); Arc. ἑσλός <span class="title">Inscr.Olymp.</span>266 (v B. C.) : Comp. and Sup. <b class="b3">-ότερος, -ότατος</b>, <span class="title">AP</span>9.156 (Antiphil.), <span class="bibl">6.240</span> (Phil.) : —poet. Adj., <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> = [[ἀγαθός]], <b class="b2">good</b> of his kind, ἐ. ἐν σταδίῃ <span class="bibl">Il.15.283</span> : later c. inf., <span class="bibl">A.R.1.106</span>, etc. : hence </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of persons, <b class="b2">brave, stout</b>, ἐσθλὸν ἐνὶ προμάχοισι <span class="bibl">Il.4.458</span>, etc. ; opp. <b class="b3">δειλός</b>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>214</span> ; <b class="b2">noble</b>, opp. κακός, οὔ τινα γὰρ τίεσκον..οὐ κακὸν οὐδὲ μὲν ἐ. <span class="bibl">Od.22.415</span> ; πένιχρος οὐδεὶς πέλετ' ἔσλος οὐδὲ τίμιος <span class="bibl">Alc.49</span> ; τόκηες Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>25.12 ; εἴτ' εὐγενὴς πέφυκας εἴτ' ἐσθλῶν κακή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>38</span> ; ἐσθλοῦ πατρὸς παῖς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>96</span> ; ἀπ' ἐσθλῶν δωμάτων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>772</span> (lyr.), etc. ; of horses, <b class="b2">wellbred</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.23.348</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> morally <b class="b2">good, faithful</b>, φίλος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>611</span> ; εἰς ἡμᾶς γεγώς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>24</span> ; τινι Naumach. ap. Stob.4.23.7 ; κύνα ἐσθλὴν ἐκείνῳ, πολεμίαν τοῖς δύσφροσιν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>608</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> like [[ἐΰς]] and <b class="b3">φίλος</b>, weakened almost to a possess. pron., ἐσθλὸν ἀνεψιὸν ἐξεναρίξας <span class="bibl">Il.16</span>. <span class="bibl">573</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.469</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.379</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of things, <b class="b2">good</b> of their kind, <b class="b3">φάρμακα, κτήματα, κειμήλια</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.11.831</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.2.312</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.330</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of mind, qualities, etc., νόος <span class="bibl">Od.7.73</span> ; βουλή <span class="bibl">Il.9.76</span> ; ἔπος <span class="bibl">1.108</span> ; κλέος <span class="bibl">5.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.175</span> : freq. in neut. pl., μυρί'..ἐσθλὰ ἔοργε <span class="bibl">Il.2.272</span> ; ἔσθλ' ἀγορεύοντες, κακὰ δὲ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον <span class="bibl">Od.17.66</span> ; ἔσλων ἢ κάλων Sapph.28, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>2.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">fortunate, lucky</b>, ὄρνιθες <span class="bibl">Od. 24.311</span> ; ὕπαρ <span class="bibl">19.547</span> ; χάρματα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.19</span> ; γάμοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>609</span> ; τύχη <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1506</span> ; ἀράσαντο πάμπαν ἔσλα τῷ γάμβρῳ Sapph.51.4 ; <b class="b3">ἐσθλόν, τό,</b> <b class="b2">good luck, prosperity</b>, opp. <b class="b3">κακόν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.530</span> ; παρὰ καὶ κακῷ ἐσθλὸν ἔθηκεν <span class="bibl">Od.15.488</span> ; ἐσλὸν βαθύ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>12.12</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> Subst. <b class="b3">ἐσθλά, τά,</b> <b class="b2">goods</b>, πυρὴν ἐμπλησέμεν ἐσθλῶν <span class="bibl">Od.10.523</span> ; εἴ τις ἐσλὰ πέπαται <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>8.73</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ἐσθλόν [ἐστι]</b> c. inf., <b class="b2">it is good, expedient to.</b>., <span class="bibl">Il.24.301</span> : also pl., οὐ γὰρ ἐσθλὰ..κερτομέειν <span class="bibl">Archil.64</span>.—Poet. word, used by <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.5.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Chrysipp.Stoic.3.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Syr.D.</span>19</span> (Ion.), etc.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1042.png Seite 1042]] dor. [[ἐσλός]], Pind., wie [[ἀγαθός]], gut, tüchtig in seiner Art, brav, <b class="b2">edel</b>, von Hom. an bes. bei Dichtern gebräuchlich. Gew. von Menschen, tapfer, Ggstz [[κακός]], Il. oft, ἔν τινι, tüchtig in Etwas, 15, 283; von Heerführern u. Fürsten, auch von dem Sauhirten, Od. 16, 557; [[θηρητήρ]], [[ἀγορητής]], [[ἡγεμών]], jeder tüchtig in seiner Art; [[Πέλοψ]], Pind. N. 2, 21; [[κήρυξ]], [[ἄγγελος]], Ol. 13, 96 P. 4, 278; von Helden, Aesch. Pers. 31. 313; übertr., δωμάτων κύνα ἐσθλήν, der treue Wächter des Hauses, Ag. 594; φίλον ἐσθλόν Soph. O. R. 311; [[ἀνήρ]] Ai. 1324 u. öfter; bes. vom Edlen, Ggstz [[κακός]], Phil. 96 Ant. 38; Eur. u. sp. D., auch c. inf., Ap. Rh. 1, 106. 3, 917 u. sonst; bei Plat. nur in Dichterstellen; sonst noch Xen. Cyr. 1, 5, 9; Luc. Dea Syr. 15 u. Plut. – Ueber die Abstufungen des Begriffs vgl. [[ἀγαθός]], mit dem es auch die Bdtg des Reichen gemein hat; Hes. O. 214. – Von edlen Rossen, Il. 23, 348. – Von Dingen u. Zuständen, [[νόος]], [[νόημα]], [[μένος]], [[βουλή]], [[φάτις]] u. ä., gut, was seinem Zweck entspricht; φάρμακα, wirksame Heilmittel; ὄρνιθες, Glück bedeutende, Od. 24, 311; [[ὕπαρ]] 19, 547; [[κλέος]] Pind. P. 4, 175; χάρματα Ol. 2, 21; ἀλεὴς [[ὕπνος]] [[ἐσθλός]] Soph. Phil. 847; [[τύχη]] O. C. 1502; γάμοι Eur. I. A. 609; φῆμαι Hel. 1298. Neutr. τὸ ἐσθλόν, das Glück, Il. 24, 530; auch ἐσθλόν mit dem inf., es hilft, nützt, 24, 301; τὰ ἐσθλά, Güter, Od. 10, 523; so bei Folgdn oft, πολλῶν γὰρ ἐσθλῶν τὴν ὄνησιν εἱλόμην Aesch. Ag. 341; λόγῳ μὲν ἐσθλά, τοῖσι δ' ἔργοισι κακά Soph. O. C. 768; Eur. u. sp. D. – Den compar. ἐσθλότερος hat Antiphil. 10 (IX,156); den superl., βασιλῆος ἐσθλοτάτου, Philp. 47 (VI, 240).