κόνδυλος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[knuckle]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>493b28</span>: pl., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>2</span>; <b class="b3">κονδύλοις ἡρμοττόμην</b> (v. ἁρμόζω <span class="bibl">1.4</span>); κονδύλοις νουθετεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>254</span>: so in sg., ib.<span class="bibl">1503</span>; δοῦναι κόνδυλόν τινι Plu.2.439d; <b class="b3">κονδύλους αὐτῷ δείδι</b> ( δίδου) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1185.12</span> (ii/iii A.D.); κονδύλῳ καθικέσθαι τινός <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alc.</span>7</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κονδύλοις [πατάξαι</b>], opp. <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κόρρης</b> (a slap in the face), <span class="bibl">D.21.72</span>: prov., <b class="b3">κολλύραν καὶ κόνδυλον ὄψον ἐπ' αὐτῇ</b> pudding and [[knuckle]]-sauce to it, i.e. a good thrashing, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span> 123</span>, ubi v. Sch.; λόγον ἔχειν τοῦ κ. προχειρότερον <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Mi.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">νὴ τοὺς κ. οὓς ἠνεσχόμην</b>, Com. oath, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>411</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> generally, <b class="b2">knuckle of any joint</b>, as of the humerus, Gal.18(2).617; of the humerus and elbow, <span class="bibl">Poll.2.141</span>; of the finger (middle joint), <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span> 84</span>; ποδός <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ocyp.</span>28</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[knot]] in a string, <span class="bibl">Paul.Aeg.6.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">any hard, bony knob</b>, of the teeth, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>4.19</span>, <span class="bibl">25</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">knuckle, bony knob, clenched fist, swelling of the gum etc.</b> (IA.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in <b class="b3">μονο-</b>, <b class="b3">δι-κόνδυλος</b> (Arist.)<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κονδυλώδης</b> <b class="b2">κ.-like, knuckly</b>, <b class="b3">κονδύλωμα</b>, <b class="b3">-σις</b> [[hard swelling]], [[tumour]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">κονδυλωτός</b> <b class="b2">with κ. </b> (Att. inscr. IVa), hardly through <b class="b3">κονδυλόομαι</b> <b class="b2">get κ., swell</b> (Aspasia ap. Aët., H.). - <b class="b3">κονδυλίζω</b> <b class="b2">hit the face with the fist, muffet, maltreat</b> (Hyp., LXX) with <b class="b3">κονδυλισμός</b> (LXX).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Other body-parts in <b class="b3">-υλος</b> are <b class="b3">δάκτυλος</b>, <b class="b3">σφόνδυλος</b> (cf. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 116ff.); the stem is seen in <b class="b3">κόνδοι ἀστράγαλοι</b> H. Connections outside Greek are quite uncertain or to be rejected: Skt. <b class="b2">kanda-</b> m. <b class="b2">root of a knol</b>, <b class="b2">kandúka-</b> m. [[playball]], <b class="b2">kanduka-</b> n. [[cushion]] (cf. Mayrhofer s. vv., who considers Dravidian origin); Lith. <b class="b2">kánduolas</b> [[kernel]] (to <b class="b2">kándu</b>, <b class="b2">ką́sti</b> [[bite]]; s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. v.). Older lit. in Bq. - The word will be Pre-Greek because of its structure, <b class="b3">κονδ-υλ-</b>. It may continue <b class="b3">*κανδυλος</b> with <b class="b3">ο</b> < <b class="b3">α</b> before <b class="b3">υ</b>.