νάω: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[flow]], [[stream]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: ipf. <b class="b3">νᾶε(ν</b>) A. R., Call., <b class="b3">ναῖον ι</b> 222), <b class="b3">ναύει ῥέει</b>, <b class="b3">βλύζει</b> H. (Aeol.), only presentstem except <b class="b3">διαναῦσαι δια-πλεῦσαι</b> H. and the ptc. aor. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-ναέντος</b> (Emp. 84).<br />Compounds: Rarely with <b class="b3">ἀμφι-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">περι</b>.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">ναέτωρ ῥέων</b>, <b class="b3">πολύρρους</b> H., <b class="b3">νάτωρ</b> (S. Fr. 270); 2. <b class="b3">ναρός</b> [[welding]], [[streaming]] (A. Fr. 347 = 764 Mette, S. Fr. 621); 3. <b class="b3">νᾶμα</b> n. <b class="b2">flowing water, source, stream</b> (trag., Pl., X., Arist.) with <b class="b3">ναμά-τιον</b> dimin. (Thphr.), <b class="b3">-τιαῖος</b> [[from sources]], [[source]] (Aeschin.), <b class="b3">-τώδης</b> <b class="b2">rich in sources</b> (Thphr.); 4. <b class="b3">νασμός</b> = <b class="b3">νᾶμα</b> (E.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> H. -- Prob. also 5. <b class="b3">Ναϊάς</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">Νηϊάς</b> (Od., A. R., AP), <b class="b3">Ναΐς</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">Νηΐς</b> f. (Il.) [[Naiade]], s. below.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: The present forms can all go back on <b class="b3">*νάϜ-ι̯ω</b>; the shortvocalic <b class="b3">νάω</b> (<b class="b3">νάει</b>, <b class="b3">νάουσιν ζ</b> 292, Φ 197) can as rhythmical variant stand for <b class="b3">ναίω</b> (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 167). Diff. Schwyzer 686 (with Schulze Q. 51 and Bechtel Lex. 234f.): <b class="b3">*νάϜ-ω</b> beside <b class="b3">*νάϜ-ι̯ω</b>; unnecessary. The ptc. <b class="b3">ἀμφι-ναέντος</b> (Emp. 84) was prob. formed after <b class="b3">ῥυέντος</b>. -- For the in Attic usual <b class="b3">νᾶμα</b> (s. v. Wilamowitz on Eur. Her. 625) a basic (but doubtful) form <b class="b3">*ναϜεμα</b> (<b class="b3">*νάϜημα</b>?) seems necessary; then also <b class="b3">ναρός</b> from <b class="b3">*ναϜερός</b>, <b class="b3">νασμός</b> from <b class="b3">*ναϜεσμός</b>, <b class="b3">νάτωρ</b> from <b class="b3">*ναϜέτωρ</b>; cf. Bechtel l.c. -- The longvocalic <b class="b3">να-ϊάς</b>, <b class="b3">-ΐς</b>, <b class="b3">νη-ιάς</b>, <b class="b3">-ίς</b> suppose a noun <b class="b3">*ναϜ-α</b> (cf. e.g. <b class="b3">κρήν-η</b> : <b class="b3">-ιάς</b>); prop. meaning then "daughter of a source". As all nymphs are considered as daughters of Zeus, the Naiades are connected with the Dodonäic <b class="b3">Ζεὺς Νάϊος</b>. A source in Dodona is only mentioned in late Latin writers, and Zeus as a god of sources is unknown (v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 228, Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 426 f.); the proper meaning of <b class="b3">Νάϊος</b> then remains unclear. If the Naiades have something to do at all with <b class="b3">Ζεὺς Νάϊος</b>, their qualification as daughters of a source must be left open. Agreements to <b class="b3">νάω</b> outside Greek are unknown. One compares the athematic long grade Skt. present [[snauti]] [[drip]], with the zero grade ptc. <b class="b2">snuta-</b>; further connections s. <b class="b3">νέω</b> and <b class="b3">νήχω</b>. Cf. also <b class="b3">Νηρεύς</b>.