κάρχαρος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[biting]], [[sharp]], [[raw]] (Alcm. 140, Lyc., Opp.),<br />Other forms: with reshaped ending <b class="b3">καρχαρέος</b> (EM).<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">καρχαρόδων</b> (<b class="b3">-ους</b>), <b class="b3">-οντος</b> <b class="b2">with sharp teeth</b> (Il., Hes., Ar., Arist., Thphr.; cf. Sommer Nominalkomp. 93)<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">καρχαρίας</b> m. <b class="b2">kind of shark</b> (Pl. Com., Sophr.; cf. Thompson Fishes s. v., Strömberg Fischnamen 45); the word was taken over in Lat. [[carcharus]], <b class="b2">-ias</b>, Saint-Denis, Rev. de phil. 3e sér. 40 (1966) 388ff.<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Onomatopoet. reduplicated formation (Schwyzer 423). One compares Skt. <b class="b2">khára-</b> [[hard]], [[raw]], [[sharp]] (which cannot agree with the Gr.<b class="b3">-χ-</b>), NPers. <b class="b2">xār(ā</b>) [[rock]], [[thorn]], and Toch. A [[tsär]] [[raw]]; the last doubtful, s. Pedersen Tocharisch 242f. w. n. 1. Acc. to Leumann Hom. Wörter 156 <b class="b3">κάρχαρος</b> was taken from hom. <b class="b3">καρχαρόδοντες</b>. - An unaspirated form is [[κάρκαροι]] <b class="b3">τραχεῖς καὶ δέσμοι</b> H. (cf. s. v.). S. Bq, WP. 1, 355, Mayrhofer KEWA s. <b class="b2">kharaḥ</b>1. -Blanc thinks that the word is connected with <b class="b3">χάραξ</b> <b class="b2">pointed pole</b> and <b class="b3">χαράσσω</b> <b class="b2">sharpen, engrave etc.</b>, REG 107 (1994) 686-693. Fur. 130 rejects the IE comparison (see Mayrhofer Wb. 1, 170, who points to Dravidian origin). The comparison with <b class="b3">κάρκαροι</b> points rather to Pre-Greek origin; Fur. refers to Urart. <b class="b2">ḥarḥar</b> <b class="b2">heap of stones,</b> Arm. [[karkar]] <b class="b2">slippery rock</b>.