κνέφας: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, Att. gen. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> κνέφους <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>290</span>, <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>35, later κνέφατος <span class="bibl">Plb.8.26.10</span>; dat. κνέφᾳ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>7.1.15</span>, κνέφεϊ <span class="title">AP</span>7.633 (Crin.), as if from κνέφος, cited by Hsch., Suid., Phot.: (cf. [[δνόφος]]):—[[darkness]], Hom. (only in nom. and acc.), of the [[evening dusk]], [[twilight]], εἰς ὅ κε… δύῃ τ' ἠέλιος καὶ ἐπὶ κ. ἱερὸν ἔλθῃ <span class="bibl">Il.11.194</span>, <span class="bibl">209</span>: later, generally, [[darkness]], δυσάλιον κ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>396</span> (lyr.); νυκτός <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>357</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>510</span>, etc.; τὸ κατὰ γᾶς κ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>836</span> (lyr.): metaph., τοῖον ἐπὶ κ. ἀνδρὶ μύσος πεπόταται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>378</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">morning twilight</b>, πρῲ πάνυ τοῦ κνέφους <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>290</span>; <b class="b3">ἅμα κνέφᾳ</b> at [[dawn]], X.l.c., <span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.15.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">evening dusk, dark, morning twilight</b> (Il., X.); on the inflection Schwyzer 514f.; second. nom. acc. <b class="b3">κνέφος</b> (H., Suid., Phot.; from <b class="b3">κνέφους</b>, <b class="b3">-ει</b>?).<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-αος</b>, <b class="b3">-ους</b> etc.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">κνεφαῖος</b> <b class="b2">of the dusk, dark</b> (trag., com., Hippon.); <b class="b3">κνεφάζω</b> <b class="b2">get dark</b> (A. Ag. 131 [lyr.]).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Several hypotheses, all problematic. Often connected with the Indo-Iran. word for [[night]], Skt. <b class="b2">kṣap-</b>, Av. <b class="b2">xšap-</b> with Hitt. <b class="b2">išpant-</b> [[id]]), e.g. Petersen AmJPh 56, 57 (cross of <b class="b3">*ξέπας</b> or <b class="b3">*κτέπας</b> and <b class="b3">νέφος</b>). Others compared Lat. [[creper]] [[dusk]], [[crepusculum]] <b class="b2">id.</b> assuming Sabinic (evt. Etruscan) development. Not better Meillet BSL 23, 259f., Studia Indo-iranica for W. Geiger 234ff. and Grošelj Živa Ant. 2, 210f. - Rhyming is <b class="b3">ψέφας</b>, s. v.; cf. also <b class="b3">δνόφος</b>. The varying anlaut through taboo, Specht Ursprung 11. See Pok. 649), W.-Hofmann s. [[creper]]. The word is no doubt Pre-Greek, but the variation is not known from elsewhere.