κόρη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, orig. κόρϝα (v. infr. B), with κόρ-η even in Att. Prose and Trag. dialogue; Dor. and Aeol. κόρα, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1308</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Alc.14</span>, also Trag. in lyr. as <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>145</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>508</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>561</span>, and in the pr. n.: κούρα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.65</span>, and twice in Trag. (in lyr.), v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.3</span>: Ion. κούρη, as always in Hom. (<b class="b3">κόρη</b> first in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>439</span>): Dor. also κώρα <span class="bibl">Theoc.6.36</span>, also Boeot., Corinn.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1.48, 2.60 (but <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> κόρα <span class="title">IG</span>7.71012, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>883</span>, cf. <b class="b3">κορικός, κόριλλα</b>):—fem.of <b class="b3">κόρος, κοῦρος</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> [[girl]], ἠΰτε κούρη νηπίη ἥ θ' ἅμα μητρὶ θέουσ' ἀνελέσθαι ἀνώγει <span class="bibl">Il.16.7</span>; μήτε παῖδα μήτε κόραν <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 324.12 (Delph., iv B. C.); ἔτεκε κόραν <span class="title">IG</span>42 (1).121.22 (Epid.); with reference to virginity, [[maiden]], κόρην… οὐκέτ', ἀλλ' ἐζευγμένην <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>536</span>; παῖς κ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>595</span>, <span class="bibl">D.21.79</span> codd.; παρθενικὴ κ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>2</span>; ἀδελφὴ κ. <span class="bibl">Th.6.56</span>; ἀνεδέξαντο τὰς κόρας πέμψειν ἐν Ἴλιον <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 366 <span class="title">A</span>2 (Tolophon, iii B. C.); of Nymphs, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.78</span>; <b class="b3">ἐνάλιοι κ</b>. sea-[[nymphs]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>325</span> (lyr.): Com., <b class="b3">πρέσβειρα πεντήκοντα Κωπᾴδων κορᾶν</b>, of eels, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ach.</span>883</span>; <b class="b3">τευθὶς καὶ Φαληρικὴ κ</b>., i.e. <b class="b3">ἀφύη</b>, <span class="bibl">Eub.75.4</span>; of maiden-goddesses, however old, as the Eumenides, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>68</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>127</span> (lyr.); the Phorcids, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>794</span>; the Sphinx, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>508</span> (lyr.); the Fates, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>617d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of a bride, <span class="bibl">Od.18.279</span>; young wife, <span class="bibl">Il.6.247</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1438</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Hdn.3.10.8</span>; or concubine, as Briseis, <span class="bibl">Il.1.98</span>, <span class="bibl">337</span>, <span class="bibl">2.689</span>; <b class="b3">καταχύσματα… κατάχει τοῦ νυμφίου καὶ τῆς κ</b>. the [[bride]], <span class="bibl">Theopomp.Com.14</span>; of a <b class="b3">ἑταίρα</b>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.4 (Stat.Flacc.), <span class="bibl">219</span> (Agath.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> with gen. of a pr. n. added, [[daughter]], νύμφαι κοῦραι Διός <span class="bibl">Il.6.420</span>, cf. Sapph.65, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>168</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Andr.</span>897</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">κ. Διός</b>, of Athene, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>415</span>; <b class="b3">Λητῴα κόρη</b>, of Artemis, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>170</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>570</span>; <b class="b3">κ. Ἰναχεία, κ. Θεστιάς</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>589</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>133</span>; <b class="b3">Γῆς τε καὶ Σκότου κόραι</b>, i.e. the Furies, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>40</span>; in Thess. Prose, <b class="b3">Αἰσχυλὶς</b> <b class="b3">Σατύροι</b> (gen.) κόρα <span class="title">IG</span>9(2).1035 (Gyrton): without gen., <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span> 1927.7 (Locr., V B.C.): in voc., <b class="b3">κούρα</b> <b class="b2">my daughter</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>148</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 180</span> (both lyr.); κόραι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>119</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> metaph., of a [[colony]], Κύμης κ. <span class="bibl">Hom.<span class="title">Epigr.</span>1.2</span>; of <b class="b2">newly-launched</b> ships, Lyc.24. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[puppet]], [[doll]], as a child's plaything, <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Fr.</span>199</span> (v. infr. v), <span class="bibl">D.Chr.31.153</span>; <b class="b2">small votive image</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>230b</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[pupil]] of the eye, because a little image appears therein (v. Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.133a), κύκλοπα κούρην <span class="bibl">Emp.84.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>710</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>972</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>7</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>10.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Ruf.<span class="title">Onom.</span>23</span>; αἱ καλούμεναι κ. <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.67 (Epid., iv B. C.); K. <b class="b3">κόσμου</b>, title of Hermetic tract, Stob.1.49.44 tit. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">long sleeve</b> reaching over the hand, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.1.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">the Attic drachma</b>, because it bore a head of Athena, misinterpr. of Hyp.l.c. ap. <span class="bibl">Poll.9.74</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VI</span> = [[ὑπέρεικον]], Hp. ap. Gal.19.113. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">VII</span> Archit., <b class="b2">female figures as supports, Caryatids</b>, τοὺς λίθους… τοὺς ἐπὶ τῶν κορῶν <span class="title">IG</span>12.372.86 (Erechtheum). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> Κόρη, Dor. Κόρα (Cret. Κώρα <span class="title">GDI</span>5047), Ion. Κούρη, Arc.(?) Κόρϝα <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).554 (provenance unknown), ἡ:—<b class="b2">the Daughter</b> (of Demeter), <span class="title">Persephone</span>, <b class="b3">τῇ Μητρὶ καὶ τῇ Κόρῃ</b> (v.l. [[Κούρῃ]]) <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.65</span>; ναὶ τὰν Κόραν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1438</span>; <b class="b3">Δημήτηρ καὶ</b> K. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>298</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.3.6</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>2.1217, etc.; τῆς Κόρης ἁρπασθείσης <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.28</span>: less freq. K. Δήμητρος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>358</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>337</span>; K. τὴν Διὸς καὶ Δήμητρος <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">Δηοῦς κ</b>., in Com., = [[flour]], <span class="bibl">Antiph.52.9</span>; so μεμαγμένη Δήμητρος κ. <span class="bibl">Eub.75.10</span>.</span>

|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-1486.png Seite 1486]] ἡ, ion. u. ep. [[κούρη]], H. h. Cer. 439 ist [[κόρη]] bedenklich, dor. [[κώρα]], Theocr. 6, 36; aber Pind. nur κόραι u. κοῦραι (vgl. [[κόρος]], [[κοῦρος]]); – 1) [[Mädchen]], [[Jungfrau]], Tochter; ἠΰτε [[κούρη]] νηπίη, ἥθ' ἅμα μητρὶ θέουσ' ἀνελέσθαι ἀνώγει Il. 16, 7; von der Briseis, [[πρίν]] γ' ἀπὸ πατρὶ φίλῳ [[δόμεναι]] ἑλικώπιδα κούρην 1, 98, öfter; sehr gew. heißen die Nymphen κοῦραι Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο; die Braut, Od. 18, 279; die junge Frau, die Neuvermählte, Il. 6, 247; vgl. Eur. Or. 1436; die Tragg. gewöhnl. [[κόρη]], aber auch κούρα, Aesch. Spt. 133, wie Soph. O. C. 176 (bei dem ἁ πτερόεσσα κόρα die Sphinx heißt, O. R. 509); Eur. I. T. 210; in Prosa nur [[κόρη]], [[ἤδη]] δ' εἰς ἀνδρὸς ὥραν ἡκούσης τῆς κόρης Plat. Critia. 113 d, καὶ κόρας καὶ γυναῖκας Legg. VII, 813 e, παιδὸς οὔσης κόρης Dem. 21, 79. – Vorzugsweise heißt so in Attika Proserpina, Eur. Alc. 855 u. A.; ναὶ τὰν Κόραν, Ar. Vesp. 1438; τὰ Δήμητρος καὶ Κόρης [[ἱερά]], Xen. Hell. 6, 3, 6. – 2) eine [[Puppe]] von Wachs, Thon od. anderen Stoffen, B. A. 272 τὸ σμικρὸν [[ἀγαλμάτιον]] τὸ γύψινον ἢ πήλινον; so ἀπὸ τῶν κορῶν τε καὶ ἀγαλμάτων Plat. Phaedr. 230 b; Sp.; Ep. ad. 115 (VI, 280). – 3) die <b class="b2">Pupilleim Auge</b>, weil in ihr ein Bildchen des Hineinsehenden erscheint, vgl. Plat. Alc. I, 133 a u. Medic. Oft bei Eur., ὀμμάτων ξηραῖς κόραις Or. 389; geradezu für [[Auge]], προς βλέπειν ὀρθαῖς κόραις Hec. 979, vgl. Bacch. 746; κόραι στάζουσι δακρύοις Ion 876; auch in der Anth. – Nach Poll. 9, 74 auch eine Münze in Athen. – Bei Xen. Hell. 2, 1, 8 ein langer über die Hand hinaus reichender Aermel.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[young girl]], [[daughter]], metaph. [[pupil]], archit. <b class="b2">female figure</b>, also name of the daughter of Persephone (IA., Arc.); on the contents Kerényi Paideuma 1, 341ff. (h. Cer. 439). Zumbach Neuerungen 57<br />Other forms: ep. Ion. <b class="b3">κούρη</b> (Il.), Dor. <b class="b3">κώρα</b>, <b class="b3">κόρα</b>, Arc. Cor. <b class="b3">κόρϜα</b><br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[kowo]], [[kowa]]<br />Compounds: Some compp., e. g. <b class="b3">κορο-πλάθος</b> m. [[sculptor of semale figures]] (Att.).<br />Derivatives: Several diminut.: <b class="b3">κόριον</b>, Dor. (Megar.) <b class="b3">κώριον</b> (Ar., Theoc.) with <b class="b3">κορίδιον</b> (Delphi, Naupaktos); <b class="b3">κορίσκη</b> (Pl. Com.) with <b class="b3">-ίσκιον</b> (Poll.); also <b class="b3">Κορίσκος</b> m. name of an arbitrary man (Arist.), also as PN (D. L.); <b class="b3">κοράσιον</b> (hell.; Schwyzer 471 n. 5) with <b class="b3">-ασίδιον</b> (Arr.), <b class="b3">-ασίς</b> (Steph. Med.), <b class="b3">-ασιώδης</b> (Com. Adesp., Plu.); <b class="b3">κόριλλα</b>, <b class="b3">Κόριννα</b> (Boeot.; Chantraine Formation 252 u. 205); <b class="b3">κορύδιον</b> (Naupaktos). - Adjectives: <b class="b3">κουρίδιος</b> (Ion. Il.), prop. <b class="b2">of a young lady, untouched</b>, then [[matrimonial]], [[lawfull]] (<b class="b3">ἄλοχος</b>, <b class="b3">πόσις</b>, <b class="b3">λέχος</b> a. o.; on the meaning Bechtel Lex. s. v., on the formation Schwyzer 467, Chantraine Formation 40); <b class="b3">κουρήϊος</b> [[of a young lady]] (h. Cer. 108; Zumbach Neuerungen 14); <b class="b3">Κόρειος</b> <b class="b2">of Κόρη</b>, <b class="b3">Κόρειον</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> pl. [[temple]], resp. <b class="b2">feast of Κόρη</b> (Attica, Plu.); <b class="b3">κοραῖος</b> <b class="b2">of a girl</b> (Epic. in Arch. Pap. 7, 8), <b class="b3">κορικός</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (hell.; Chantraine Ét. sur le vocab. gr. 121). <b class="b3">*Κορίτης</b> (<b class="b3">-τις</b>) <b class="b2">servant of Κόρη</b> in <b class="b3">Κορειτῆαι</b> pl. for <b class="b3">*Κοριτεῖαι</b> <b class="b2">service of Κόρη?</b> (Lycosoura). - Verbs: <b class="b3">κορεύομαι</b> <b class="b2">pass ones maidenhood</b> (E.), <b class="b2">loose ...</b> (Pherecyd.) with <b class="b3">κόρευμα</b>, <b class="b3">κορεία</b> maidenhood' (E., resp. D. Chr., AP); <b class="b3">κορίζομαι</b> prop. *"treat like a maiden (child)", [[caress]] (Ar.), <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> κόρη <b class="b2">call with endearing names, address</b> (Pi., Att.). - Beside <b class="b3">κόρη</b> or perhaps formed from it (s. below): <b class="b3">κόρος</b> (trag., Pl. Lg., Plu.; also Dor.), ep. <b class="b3">κοῦρος</b>, Theoc. <b class="b3">κῶρος</b> m. [[youth]], [[boy]], [[son]] (Il.). Compp., e. g. <b class="b3">ἄ-κουρος</b> <b class="b2">without son</b> (η 64), <b class="b3">κουρο-τρόφος</b> <b class="b2">educating youths</b> (Od.); on [[Διόσκουροι]] s. v. - Derivv: <b class="b3">κούρητες</b> m. pl. <b class="b2">younge warrior</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">Κουρῆτες</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">Κωρ-</b> (Hes., Crete etc.) [[Cureten]], name of divine beings, which dance a weapon-dance around the Zeus child etc. (Hes. Fr. 198, Crete etc.) with <b class="b3">Κουρητικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ῆτις</b>, <b class="b3">κουρητεύω</b>, <b class="b3">κουρητισμός</b> (hell.); on the formation of <b class="b3">κούρητες</b> Schwyzer 499, Chantraine Formation 267; on the accent Wackernagel Gött. Nachr. 1914, 106 (= Kl. Schr. 2, 1163); also v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 129 n. 1. To <b class="b3">κοῦρος</b> also <b class="b3">κουρώδης</b> <b class="b2">boy-like</b>, prob. also <b class="b3">κούριος</b> [[youthful]] (Orph. A., Orac. ap. Paus. 9, 14, 3), <b class="b3">κουροσύνη</b>, -Dor. <b class="b3">-α</b> [[youth]] (Theoc., AP), <b class="b3">-συνος</b> [[youthful]] (AP). - <b class="b3">κουρίζω</b> <b class="b2">be a young man, maiden</b> (χ 185), <b class="b2">educate a youth</b> (Hes.), <b class="b3">κουριζόμενος ὑμεναιούμενος</b> H. -.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [577] <b class="b2">*ḱerh₁-</b> [[grow]]<br />Etymology: The more limited attestation of masc. <b class="b3">κοῦρος</b>, <b class="b3">κόρος</b> compared with general <b class="b3">κούρη</b>, <b class="b3">κόρη</b> perhaps indicates that the masc. was an innovation to fem. PGr. <b class="b3">*κόρϜα</b>; s. Lommel Femininbildungen 7ff. As masc. counterpart there were e. g. <b class="b3">παῖς</b> and <b class="b3">νεανίας</b>. - That <b class="b3">κόρϜα</b>, <b class="b3">*κόρϜος</b> come from the root of <b class="b3">κορέννυμι</b>, is generally ccepted, but the exact jugment is difficult: prop. abstractformation, as "growth, flourishing, blossom"? The meaning [[sprout]], [[branch]] for <b class="b3">κόρος</b> (rare : Lysipp. 9, Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 113) is hardly very old, but developed from [[son]] or the like (or from <b class="b3">κείρω</b>?, s. on <b class="b3">κοῦρος</b>). Note <b class="b3">κόρυξ νεανίσκος</b> H. (beside <b class="b3">κόριψ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> and <b class="b3">Κόρυψ</b> Boeot. PN, s. Bechtel Namenstudien 29f.), which may have an intermediate <b class="b2">u-</b>stem; Specht Ursprung 148. Further s. <b class="b3">κορέννυμι</b>. - <b class="b3">κοῦρος</b> not with Bezzenberger, Fick and Bechtel (s. Lex. s. v.) to Lith. <b class="b2">šárvas</b> [[armament]], <b class="b3">κόρυς</b> [[helm]]; s. Kretschmer Glotta 8, 254.