λώβη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[outrage]], [[dishonour]], αἶσχος λώβη τε <span class="bibl">18.225</span>; <b class="b3">λώβην λωβᾶσθαι</b> (v. <b class="b3">λωβάομαι</b>) <b class="b3">; τείσετε λ</b>. ye shall pay for the [[outrage]], <span class="bibl">Il.11.142</span>; ἀπὸ πᾶσαν ἐμοὶ δόμεναι… λ. <span class="bibl">9.387</span>; but <b class="b3">λ. τείσασθαι</b> exact retribution for <b class="b2">an outrage</b>, i.e. avenge it, <span class="bibl">19.208</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.169</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>181</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐπὶ λώβᾳ</b> for [[ruin]] or [[destruction]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>792</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>647</span> (lyr.); ὡς ἐπὶ λώβᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HF</span>882</span> (lyr.); λ. καὶ διαφθορά <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>91c</span>, etc.; esp. [[mutilation]], [[maiming]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.154</span>: pl., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1392</span>; λώβας λωβηθείς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>473c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons, <b class="b2">a disgrace</b>, λώβην τ' ἔμεναι καὶ ὑπόψιον <span class="bibl">Il.3.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>165</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Herod.7.95</span>; <b class="b3">ποιητῶν λῶβαι</b>, of the Grammarians, <span class="title">AP</span>11.322 (Antiphan.); <b class="b3">οὐ γὰρ Ἀρκάδεσσι λώβα</b> no [[insult]] to the Arcadians, <span class="bibl">Alc. 38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[a form of leprosy]], Gal.14.757.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[outrage]], [[dishonour]], [[damage]], [[mutilation]] (Il.), <b class="b2">kind of leprosy</b> (Gal.).<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">ἐπί-λωβος</b> <b class="b2">bringing damage</b> (Vett. Val.), <b class="b3">-ής</b> <b class="b2">ds.</b> (Nic.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λωβητός</b> <b class="b2">laden with λώβη</b> (Ω 531, Hes. Sc. 366, S.; Ammann <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 21), <b class="b3">λωβή-εις</b> (A. R.), <b class="b3">-μων</b> (Nic. Al. 536; v. l. <b class="b3">-τωρ</b>) [[outrageous]]. Denomin. verb (or deverbative like <b class="b3">πωτά-ομαι</b>, <b class="b3">νωμάω</b>?) <b class="b3">λωβάομαι</b> (<b class="b3">-άω</b>), rarely with prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, [[outrage]], [[maltreat]], [[mutilate]] (Il.); with <b class="b3">λωβητήρ</b> [[slanderer]], [[destroyer]] (Il.; on the meaning Benveniste Noms d'agent 38 a. 42), f. <b class="b3">-ήτειρα</b> (AP); also <b class="b3">-ήτωρ</b> (Opp., AP), <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Ar.); <b class="b3">λώβησις</b> = <b class="b3">λώβη</b> (Ptol., sch.). Rare <b class="b3">λωβεύω</b> [[mock]] (Od.; as <b class="b3">ἀγορεύω</b>, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 368; also Shipp Studies 120: to avoid contracted forms).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Lengthened grade formation like <b class="b3">κώπη</b>, <b class="b3">λώπη</b>, <b class="b3">λώγη</b> (Schwyzer 459 f.); such lengthened grades are now mostly no longer accepted. Several hypotheses of diff. value. After Scheftelowitz IF 33, 152 a. 166 and Prellwitz KZ 47, 303 f. identical with a Baltic word for <b class="b2">aggravation, objection, burden, nuisance, damage</b>, Lith. <b class="b2">slogà</b>, Latv. [[slāga]] (IE <b class="b2">*slōgʷā</b>), verbal noun to Lith. <b class="b2">slė́gti</b> <b class="b2">(op)press, aggravate</b>, Latv. [[slêgt]] [[shut]], [[close]]. Other proposals: to Lith. <b class="b2">liuobà</b> <b class="b2">care, nurture of cattle</b> and (independent) Lat. [[labor]] [[trouble]], [[burden]], [[work]] (Trautmann in Walde LEW2 s. [[labor]]); to Lat. [[lābēs]] [[stain]], [[contumely]] (Curtius 369); to OIr. [[lobur]] [[weak]], [[lobaim]] [[putresco]] (Pedersen Vergl. Gramm. 1, 116f.); rejected in WP. 2, 714 a. W.-Hofmann s. [[labor]]. - Fur. 302 n.35 compares <b class="b3">λυβάζειν λοιδορεῖν</b> H., which might point to a Pre-Greek word (<b class="b2">*lub-</b>?).