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λειμών: Difference between revisions

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|Transliteration C=leimon
|Transliteration C=leimon
|Beta Code=leimw/n
|Beta Code=leimw/n
|Definition=ῶνος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">any moist, grassy place, meadow</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.467</span>, etc.; ἀμφὶ δὲ λειμῶνες μαλακοὶ ἴου ἠδὲ σελίνου θήλεον <span class="bibl">Od.5.72</span>; μαλακὸς λ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>279</span>; βαθύς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>653</span>; <b class="b3">λ. βούχιλος, βουθερής</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>540</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>188</span>: metaph., λειμῶνα Μουσῶν δρέπων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1300</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς λειμῶνα ποταμίων ποτῶν</b> into the smooth river-water, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>659</span>; <b class="b3">χυτῆς λειμὼν θαλάσσης</b>, of a sponge, <span class="title">AP</span>6.66.7 (Paul. Sil.); πλούτου καὶ νεότητος λειμῶνας ἀφθόνους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>222a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>248c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[flowers]], Ὧραι λειμῶνας βρύουσι <span class="bibl">Him.<span class="title">Or.</span>1.19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[pudenda muliebria]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>171</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> later, freq. metaph. for <b class="b2">any bright, flowery surface</b>, as <b class="b2">a blooming face, a peacock's tail</b>, <span class="bibl">Ach.Tat.1.19</span>, <span class="bibl">1.16</span>; <b class="b2">an embroidered robe</b>, λ. ὁ περὶ τὰς ἐσθῆτας <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>2.1</span>; also <b class="b3">λ. λέξεων</b>, title of work by Pamphilus, Suid.<span class="title">Praef.</span>, cf. Plin.[[HN Praef]].24, Gell. <span class="title">Praef.</span>6:—and as Dim. λειμωνάριον, τό, <span class="bibl">Phot.<span class="title">Bibl.</span>p.161</span> B.</span>
|Definition=ῶνος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">any moist, grassy place, meadow</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.467</span>, etc.; ἀμφὶ δὲ λειμῶνες μαλακοὶ ἴου ἠδὲ σελίνου θήλεον <span class="bibl">Od.5.72</span>; μαλακὸς λ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>279</span>; βαθύς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>653</span>; <b class="b3">λ. βούχιλος, βουθερής</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>540</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>188</span>: metaph., λειμῶνα Μουσῶν δρέπων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1300</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς λειμῶνα ποταμίων ποτῶν</b> into the smooth river-water, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>659</span>; <b class="b3">χυτῆς λειμὼν θαλάσσης</b>, of a sponge, <span class="title">AP</span>6.66.7 (Paul. Sil.); πλούτου καὶ νεότητος λειμῶνας ἀφθόνους <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>222a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>248c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[flowers]], Ὧραι λειμῶνας βρύουσι <span class="bibl">Him.<span class="title">Or.</span>1.19</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[pudenda muliebria]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>171</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> later, freq. metaph. for <b class="b2">any bright, flowery surface</b>, as <b class="b2">a blooming face, a peacock's tail</b>, <span class="bibl">Ach.Tat.1.19</span>, <span class="bibl">1.16</span>; [[an embroidered robe]], λ. ὁ περὶ τὰς ἐσθῆτας <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Im.</span>2.1</span>; also <b class="b3">λ. λέξεων</b>, title of work by Pamphilus, Suid.<span class="title">Praef.</span>, cf. Plin.[[HN Praef]].24, Gell. <span class="title">Praef.</span>6:—and as Dim. λειμωνάριον, τό, <span class="bibl">Phot.<span class="title">Bibl.</span>p.161</span> B.</span>
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|etymtx=-ῶνος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">moist, grassy place, humid meadow</b> (Il.), metaph. of flowered surfaces and objects (Ach. Tat., Philostr.);<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">βαθυλείμων</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">-λειμος</b> (Il., with transition in the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems) <b class="b2">with grassy meadows</b>; <b class="b3">ἀ-λίμενος</b> [[without harbour]], [[refuge]] (Att.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 77 f.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λειμώνιος</b> [[belonging to the meadow]] (A., Arist.), f. <b class="b3">-ιάς</b> (S., A. R.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> (D. P.), <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. plantname, [[Statice limonium]] (Dsc., Plin.); <b class="b3">λειμων-ιάτης λίθος</b> name of a grass-green stone (Plin.). With suffix-change (after <b class="b3">πῖδαξ</b>, <b class="b3">βῶλαξ</b> etc.) <b class="b3">λεῖμαξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ακος</b> f. [[meadow]] (E. in lyr.), [[garden]] (Pherecr.) with <b class="b3">-ακώδης</b> [[meadowlike]], [[grassy]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ακίδες νύμφαι</b> (Orph. A. 646; uncertain; codd. <b class="b3">λιμνακίδων</b>). - With diff. ablaut: <b class="b3">λιμήν</b>, <b class="b3">-ένος</b> m. [[harbour]], [[protected creek]], also metaph. [[refuge]] (Il.), <b class="b2">assembly-, marketplace</b> (Thess.; after H. also Cypr.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1,450f.). Dimin. <b class="b3">λιμένιον</b> (Str.; NGr. <b class="b3">λιμάνι</b> from Osm. [[liman]]; Maidhof Glotta 10, 14); <b class="b3">λιμένιος</b> [[belonging to the harbour]] (Paus.), <b class="b3">λιμενίτης</b>, f. <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> [[inhabitant of a harbour]] (Corycos), of Priapos resp. Artemis as harbourgod(dess) (AP; Redard 23), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ητικὰ χρήματα</b> <b class="b2">harbour-taxes</b> (Cod. Just., with analog. <b class="b3">-ητικά</b>, if not itacistic fr <b class="b3">-ιτικά</b>), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ίζω</b> <b class="b2">build a harbour</b> (Polyaen.). - With enlargement after the <b class="b3">α-</b>stems and zero grade suffix (Schwyzer 524, Chantraine Form. 2 15): <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b> f. <b class="b2">standing water, pond, sea, marsh</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">Λίμναι</b> pl. place in Athens, in Sparta etc. (Att.); compp., e. g. <b class="b3">εὔ-λιμνος</b> <b class="b2">with many seas</b> (Arist.). Many derivv.: 1. diminut. <b class="b3">λιμνίον</b> n. (Arist.). 2. <b class="b3">λιμναῖος</b> <b class="b2">living in seas etc., belonging to the sea</b> (IA.); 3. <b class="b3">λιμνάς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus.). 4. <b class="b3">λιμνήτης</b>, <b class="b3">-τις</b> (<b class="b3">-ῖτις</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus., inscr.), <b class="b3">λιμνιτικά</b> n. pl. name of a tax (pap.). 5. <b class="b3">λιμνώδης</b> <b class="b2">sea-, marsh-like</b> (IA.). 6. plantname : <b class="b3">λιμν-ήσιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ησία</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστις</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρον</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρίς</b> (Dsc., Gal.). 7. Denomin. verbs: <b class="b3">λιμνάζω</b> <b class="b2">build a λ., stagnate, put under water</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">λιμνασμός</b> [[flood]], [[inundation]], <b class="b3">-αστής</b> <b class="b2">inund. surveyor</b>, <b class="b3">-αστεία</b> <b class="b2">inund. work</b> (pap.), <b class="b3">-ασία</b> [[marshy bottom]] (Arist.); <b class="b3">λιμνόομαι</b> <b class="b2">build a λ.</b> (Thphr., Str.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [662?] <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [not well mentioned in Pok.]<br />Etymology: The primary formations <b class="b3">λει-μών</b> and <b class="b3">λι-μήν</b> (with <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b>), which show both in stem as in suffix old ablaut (Schwyzer 521 f., Chantraine Form. 170), are isolated in Greek and have outside Greek no counterpart; for the etymology we have only suppositions. Starting from the idea <b class="b2">moistness, standing water etc.</b> (thus Benveniste Origines 123) Bq with J. Schmidt Zur Gesch. d. idg. Vocalismus 2, 259 f. wants to connect Lat. [[līmus]] [[mud]], to which may belong, with anlaut. <b class="b2">sl-</b>, the words mentioned under <b class="b3">λείμαξ</b>; also those unser <b class="b3">λείβω</b> , e. g. OCS <b class="b2">lьjǫ</b> (with perhaps Lat. [[lītus]] "floodarea") might be considered. - Quite diff. WP. 1, 158 and Pok. 309: prop. *'low-lying, Einbuchtung' (cf. e. g. NHG [[Anger]] to <b class="b3">ἀγκ-</b> in <b class="b3">ἀγκ-ύλος</b> etc.) to Lat. [[līmus]] [[oblique]], [[līmen]] [[threshold]], withou <b class="b2">m-</b>suffix e. g. Latv. [[leja]] [[dale]], [[valley]].
|etymtx=-ῶνος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">moist, grassy place, humid meadow</b> (Il.), metaph. of flowered surfaces and objects (Ach. Tat., Philostr.);<br />Compounds: Compp., e.g. <b class="b3">βαθυλείμων</b> (Pi.), <b class="b3">-λειμος</b> (Il., with transition in the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems) [[with grassy meadows]]; <b class="b3">ἀ-λίμενος</b> [[without harbour]], [[refuge]] (Att.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 77 f.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">λειμώνιος</b> [[belonging to the meadow]] (A., Arist.), f. <b class="b3">-ιάς</b> (S., A. R.), <b class="b3">-ίς</b> (D. P.), <b class="b3">-ιον</b> n. plantname, [[Statice limonium]] (Dsc., Plin.); <b class="b3">λειμων-ιάτης λίθος</b> name of a grass-green stone (Plin.). With suffix-change (after <b class="b3">πῖδαξ</b>, <b class="b3">βῶλαξ</b> etc.) <b class="b3">λεῖμαξ</b>, <b class="b3">-ακος</b> f. [[meadow]] (E. in lyr.), [[garden]] (Pherecr.) with <b class="b3">-ακώδης</b> [[meadowlike]], [[grassy]] (Hp.), <b class="b3">-ακίδες νύμφαι</b> (Orph. A. 646; uncertain; codd. <b class="b3">λιμνακίδων</b>). - With diff. ablaut: <b class="b3">λιμήν</b>, <b class="b3">-ένος</b> m. [[harbour]], [[protected creek]], also metaph. [[refuge]] (Il.), <b class="b2">assembly-, marketplace</b> (Thess.; after H. also Cypr.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 1,450f.). Dimin. <b class="b3">λιμένιον</b> (Str.; NGr. <b class="b3">λιμάνι</b> from Osm. [[liman]]; Maidhof Glotta 10, 14); <b class="b3">λιμένιος</b> [[belonging to the harbour]] (Paus.), <b class="b3">λιμενίτης</b>, f. <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> [[inhabitant of a harbour]] (Corycos), of Priapos resp. Artemis as harbourgod(dess) (AP; Redard 23), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ητικὰ χρήματα</b> <b class="b2">harbour-taxes</b> (Cod. Just., with analog. <b class="b3">-ητικά</b>, if not itacistic fr <b class="b3">-ιτικά</b>), <b class="b3">λιμεν-ίζω</b> [[build a harbour]] (Polyaen.). - With enlargement after the <b class="b3">α-</b>stems and zero grade suffix (Schwyzer 524, Chantraine Form. 2 15): <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b> f. <b class="b2">standing water, pond, sea, marsh</b> (Il.), <b class="b3">Λίμναι</b> pl. place in Athens, in Sparta etc. (Att.); compp., e. g. <b class="b3">εὔ-λιμνος</b> [[with many seas]] (Arist.). Many derivv.: 1. diminut. <b class="b3">λιμνίον</b> n. (Arist.). 2. <b class="b3">λιμναῖος</b> <b class="b2">living in seas etc., belonging to the sea</b> (IA.); 3. <b class="b3">λιμνάς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus.). 4. <b class="b3">λιμνήτης</b>, <b class="b3">-τις</b> (<b class="b3">-ῖτις</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Theoc., Paus., inscr.), <b class="b3">λιμνιτικά</b> n. pl. name of a tax (pap.). 5. <b class="b3">λιμνώδης</b> <b class="b2">sea-, marsh-like</b> (IA.). 6. plantname : <b class="b3">λιμν-ήσιον</b>, <b class="b3">-ησία</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστις</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρον</b>, <b class="b3">-ηστρίς</b> (Dsc., Gal.). 7. Denomin. verbs: <b class="b3">λιμνάζω</b> <b class="b2">build a λ., stagnate, put under water</b> (Arist.) with <b class="b3">λιμνασμός</b> [[flood]], [[inundation]], <b class="b3">-αστής</b> <b class="b2">inund. surveyor</b>, <b class="b3">-αστεία</b> <b class="b2">inund. work</b> (pap.), <b class="b3">-ασία</b> [[marshy bottom]] (Arist.); <b class="b3">λιμνόομαι</b> <b class="b2">build a λ.</b> (Thphr., Str.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [662?] <b class="b2">*lei-</b> [not well mentioned in Pok.]<br />Etymology: The primary formations <b class="b3">λει-μών</b> and <b class="b3">λι-μήν</b> (with <b class="b3">λί-μν-η</b>), which show both in stem as in suffix old ablaut (Schwyzer 521 f., Chantraine Form. 170), are isolated in Greek and have outside Greek no counterpart; for the etymology we have only suppositions. Starting from the idea <b class="b2">moistness, standing water etc.</b> (thus Benveniste Origines 123) Bq with J. Schmidt Zur Gesch. d. idg. Vocalismus 2, 259 f. wants to connect Lat. [[līmus]] [[mud]], to which may belong, with anlaut. <b class="b2">sl-</b>, the words mentioned under <b class="b3">λείμαξ</b>; also those unser <b class="b3">λείβω</b> , e. g. OCS <b class="b2">lьjǫ</b> (with perhaps Lat. [[lītus]] "floodarea") might be considered. - Quite diff. WP. 1, 158 and Pok. 309: prop. *'low-lying, Einbuchtung' (cf. e. g. NHG [[Anger]] to <b class="b3">ἀγκ-</b> in <b class="b3">ἀγκ-ύλος</b> etc.) to Lat. [[līmus]] [[oblique]], [[līmen]] [[threshold]], withou <b class="b2">m-</b>suffix e. g. Latv. [[leja]] [[dale]], [[valley]].
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