ὀστέον: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[bone]] (Il.), also <b class="b2">stone of fruit</b> (pap. IIIa.; s. below).<br />Other forms: Att. <b class="b3">ὀστοῦν</b>, Aeol. pl. <b class="b3">-ια</b>, Dor. (Theoc.) <b class="b3">-ία</b>.<br />Compounds: Few compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ὀστ(ε)ο-κόπος</b> m. name of <b class="b2">a bone-disease</b> (Hp., Thphr., Gal.), <b class="b3">ὁλ-όστεον</b> n. <b class="b2">Plantago Bellardi</b>, prop. subst. bahuvrihi "consisting only of bones", from its healing power; cf. <b class="b3">ὀστεο-κόλλος</b> f. and Strömberg Pflanzenn. 88 f. a. 32.<br />Derivatives: Diminut.: <b class="b3">ὀστ-άριον</b> n. (medic.), <b class="b3">-αρίδιον</b> n. (Pall.); adj. <b class="b3">-έϊνος</b> (IA.), <b class="b3">-ινος</b> (Ar. Ach. 863 [Boeot.], Arist.), <b class="b3">-όϊνος</b> (Aq.) <b class="b2">made of bone</b>, <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> (X., Arist.), <b class="b3">-εώδης</b> (Plu.) [[bony]]; <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> m. <b class="b2">belonging to the bones</b> (Ruf.; Redard 101).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [783] <b class="b2">*h₃estH-</b> [[bone]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[bone]], in several languages in varying form retained. An orig. consonantstam, seen in Av. <b class="b2">ast-</b> (e.g. gen. <b class="b2">ast-ō</b>, acc. <b class="b2">as-ča</b> < <b class="b2">*ast-ča</b>) and in Lat. [[os]] ( = [[oss]], from <b class="b2">*ost</b>), gen. <b class="b2">oss-is</b> , was in other languages in diff. ways transformed, e.g. in Skt. nom. acc. <b class="b2">ásth-i</b>, gen. <b class="b2">asth-n-ás</b> with [[i]] : <b class="b2">n-</b>interchange, in Hitt. <b class="b2">ḫašt-ai</b>, gen. <b class="b2">ḫaštii̯-as</b> with ablaut [[ai]] : [[i]]. Greek <b class="b3">ὀστ-έον</b> remainds of Skt. <b class="b2">hŕ̥d-ayam</b> [[heart]] beside <b class="b2">hā́rd-i</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (s. <b class="b3">καρδία</b>) and so goes back on <b class="b3">-ειον</b>; Sommer Sprachgesch. u. Wortbed. 426f.); cf. further Venet. [[ostiiakon]] [[ossuarium]]. -- Further forms from several languages w. rich lit. in WP. 1, 185 f., Pok. 783, W.-Hofmann s. [[os]]; also v. Windekens ZDMG 110,314ff. (on Toch. B [[āst]]) and Hamp Word 9, 138ff.; on <b class="b3">ὀστέον</b> esp. Schwyzer 518 a. 298. The meaning <b class="b2">kernel (stone) of a fruit</b> as a parallel innovation also in Skt. <b class="b2">ásthi</b>; cf. Mayrhofer s.v. -- Not to [[ὄστρακον]], [[ἀστράγαλος]], [[ἀστακός]], [[ὀστρύα]], <b class="b3">ὀσφύς</b>.