ἔρανος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">meal to which each contributed his share, picnic</b>, εἰλαπίνη ἠὲ γάμος ; ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἔρανος τάδε γ' ἐστίν <span class="bibl">Od.1.226</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.415</span> : metaph., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>177c</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[feast]], [[festival]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.38</span> ; πολύθυτος ἔ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">P.</span>5.77</span> ; <b class="b2">wedding-banquet</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">12.14</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecyd.11</span> J.; ἔρανον εἰς θεοὺς..ἐποίεις <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>388</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[loan]] raised by contributions for the benefit of an individual, bearing no interest, but recoverable at law, in instalments, παρὰ τῶν φίλων ἔ. συλλέξαι <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.2.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>22.9</span> ; <b class="b3">κομισόμενος τὸν ἔ</b>. recover the [[loan]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>196b34</span> ; ἔ. εἰσενεγκεῖν τινι <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>15.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Philem.213.14</span> ; ἔ. τινι εἰς τὰ λύτρα εἰσφέρειν <span class="bibl">D.53.8</span> ; ἔ. εἰς ἐλευθερίαν <span class="bibl">Id.59.31</span>, cf. <span class="title">GDI</span>2317 (Delph.), al.; ἔ. ἀναλαμβάνειν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 1165.16</span> (i B. C., with mention of interest); ἔ. εἰκοσίμνως <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>19</span> ; πεντακοσιόδραχμος <span class="title">SIG</span>1215.5 (Myconos); διτάλαντον εἶχες ἔ. [δωρεὰν] παρά τινων <span class="bibl">D.18.312</span> : in pl., [[debts]] thus contracted, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>615</span> (prob.), <span class="bibl">Hyp.<span class="title">Ath.</span>9</span> ; <b class="b3">τοὺς ἐ. διενεγκεῖν</b> pay off such [[debts]], <span class="bibl">Lycurg.22</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐράνους λέλοιπε</b> he has left <b class="b2">repayment-instalments</b> unpaid, <span class="bibl">D.27.25</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔ. συνεφήβοις ἀπενεγκεῖν</b> (cf. infr. III) <span class="bibl">Luc. <span class="title">DMeretr.</span>7.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> metaph, <b class="b3">τοὐράνου γάρ μοι μέτεστι· καὶ γὰρ ἄνδρας εἰσφέρω</b> (spoken by Lysistrata), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>651</span> ; δεῖ τοῖς γονεῦσι τὸν ὡρισμένον ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων ἔ. καὶ παρὰ τῆς φύσεως καὶ παρὰ τοῦ νόμου δικαίως φέρειν <span class="bibl">D.10.40</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.101</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>927c</span> ; κάλλιστον ἔ. [τῇ πόλει] προϊέμενοι <span class="bibl">Th.2.43</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.1.12</span>, <span class="bibl">Ph.2.553</span>, etc.: generally, [[favour]], [[service]], esp. one which brings a return, κάλλιστον ἔ., δοὺς γὰρ ἀντιλάζυται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>363</span> ; ἔ. ἀντιλαμβάνειν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1332b40</span> ; ἀποδοῦναι <span class="bibl">Alex.280</span> ; ironically, <b class="b3">τὸν αὐτὸν ἔ. ἀποδοῦναι</b> 'pay him back in his own coin', <span class="bibl">D.59.8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">a permanent association</b> apparently religious in character (cf. [[ἐρανιστής]]), <span class="title">IG</span>12(1).155.12 (Rhodes, ii B.C.), 22.1369 (Athens, ii A. D.); <b class="b3">ἔ. συνάγειν Μηνὶ Τυράννῳ</b> ib.3.74 ; καλεῖται ὁ αὐτὸς καὶ ἔ. καὶ θίασος <span class="bibl">Ath.8.362e</span> ; functioning as a <b class="b2">friendly society</b>, Plin.<span class="title">Ep.Trai.</span>92 ; it could apparently lend to a non-member, ὅρος χωρίων ὑποκειμένων τῷ ἐ. καὶ τῷ ἀρχεράνῳ <span class="title">SIG</span>1198 (Amorgos, iii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1133</span>-<span class="bibl">6</span> (i B. C.).</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">meal on joint account, meal of friends</b> (Od., Pi.); <b class="b2">loan from friends, society</b> (Att. hell.).<br />Compounds: comp. <b class="b3">ἐραν-άρχης</b> <b class="b2">president of an ἔρανος</b> with <b class="b3">-έω</b> (Pap. u. a.), also <b class="b3">ἀρχ-έρανος</b> = <b class="b3">ἀρχ-ερανιστής</b> (Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 232; 2, 111) with <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> (inscr.).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐρανικός</b> <b class="b2">regarding an ἔ.</b> and denomin. <b class="b3">ἐρανιζω</b>, <b class="b3">-ομαι</b> <b class="b2">collect contributions</b> (Att. hell.) with <b class="b3">ἐράν-ισις</b> (Pl.), <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> (D. H.), <b class="b3">ἐρανιστής</b> <b class="b2">participant or member of an ἔ.</b> (Att. hell.; Fraenkel 1, 173f.), also <b class="b3">ἐρανεστής</b> (Achä.) after <b class="b3">κηδεστής</b> a. o. (diss. Fraenkel l. c.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Uncertain. Acc. to Brugmann IF 13, 155ff. together with <b class="b3">ἔροτις</b> [[feast]] (Aeol. etc.) and [[ἑορτή]] (s. v.) to [[ἦρα]] [[pleasure]], [[service]]; s. v. with connections outside Greek. Basic form <b class="b3">*Ϝέρα-νος</b>, <b class="b3">*Ϝέρο-τις</b>, but their origin is unknow: Pre-Greek?.