ἀσκέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[work]] raw materials, <b class="b3">εἴρια, κέρα</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.388</span>,<span class="bibl">4.110</span>; <b class="b2">work curiously, form by art</b>, [<b class="b3">κρητῆρα] Σιδόνες πολυδαίδαλοι εὖ ἤσκησαν</b> ib. <span class="bibl">23.743</span>; ἑρμῖν' ἀσκήσας <span class="bibl">Od.23.198</span>; <b class="b3">πτύξασα καὶ ἀσκήσασα χιτῶνα</b> having folded and [[smoothed]] it, ib.<span class="bibl">1.439</span>; ἅρμα . . χρυσῷ καὶ ἀργύρῳ εὖ ἤσκηται <span class="bibl">Il.10.438</span>; <b class="b3">χορὸν ἤσκησεν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">18.592</span>; γόμφοις ἀ. <span class="bibl">Emp.87</span>: added in aor. part. to Verbs, [θρόνον] τεύξει ἀσκήσας [[elaborately]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.240</span>; [χρυσὸν] βοὸς κέρασιν περίχευεν ἀσκήσας <span class="bibl">Od.3.437</span>; [ἑανὸν] ἔξυσ' ἀσκήσασα <span class="bibl">Il.14.179</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of personal adornment, <b class="b2">dress out, trick out</b>, ἀ. τινὰ κόσμῳ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.1</span>; ἐς κάλλος ἀσκεῖ [[decks herself]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1073</span>; δέμας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1023</span>:—freq. in Pass., <b class="b3">σκιεροῖς ἠσκημένα γυίοις</b> [[furnished with]]... <span class="bibl">Emp.61.4</span>; πέπλοισι Περσικοῖς ἠσκημένη <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>182</span>; οὐ χλιδαῖς ἠσκημένον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>452</span>; of buildings, παστὰς ἠσκημένη στύλοισι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.169</span>; Παρίῳ λίθῳ ἠσκημένα <span class="bibl">Id.3.57</span>: abs., οἴκημα ἠσκημένον <span class="bibl">Id.2.130</span>; <b class="b3">σῶμα λόγοις ἠσκ</b>. [[tricked out]] with words only, not real, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 1217</span>:—Med., <b class="b3">σῶμ' ὅπλοις ἠσκήσατο</b> <b class="b2">adorned his own</b> person, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span> 1379</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alc.</span>161</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in Pi., [[honour]] a divinity, [[do]] him [[reverence]], δαίμον' ἀσκήσω θεραπεύων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>3.109</span>; ἀσκεῖται Θέμις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>8.22</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[practise]], [[exercise]], [[train]], esp. in Prose and Com., properly of athletic exercise, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> c. acc. of person or thing, ἀ. τὸν υἱὸν τὸν ἐπιχώριον τρόπον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>47</span>; ἀ. τὰ σώματα εἰς ἰσχύν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.19</span>; ἐχθρὸν ἐφ' ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς τηλικοῦτον ἠσκήκαμεν <span class="bibl">D.3.28</span>:—Pass., σώματα εὖ ἠσκημένα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.6.41</span>; εἰς ἀγῶνα ἄμεινον ἡμῶν ἤσκηνται <span class="bibl">D.9.52</span>; ἀσκεῖσθαι λέγειν <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Demon.</span>4</span>; τὴν Κυνικὴν ἄσκησιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tox.</span>27</span>; λόγοις <span class="bibl">D.C.45.2</span>; ἐν παιδείᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.60.2</span>; πρός τι <span class="bibl">D.S.2.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. of the thing practised, <b class="b3">ἀ. τέχνην, πεντάεθλον</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.125</span>, <span class="bibl">9.33</span>; λόγους <span class="bibl">Democr.53a</span>,<span class="bibl">110</span>; μανθάνειν καὶ ἀ. τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>509e</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. παγκράτιον, στάδιον</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>795b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Thg.</span>128e</span>; ἠσκηκέναι μηδεμίαν ἄσκησιν κυριωτέραν τῆς πολεμικῆς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1271b5</span>: metaph., <b class="b3">ἀ. τὴν ἀληθείην, δικαιοσύνην</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.209</span>, <span class="bibl">1.96</span>; δίκαια <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>913</span>; ἀρετήν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>853</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>407a</span>; κακότητα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1066</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>384</span>; ἀσέβειαν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>476</span>; τὰ δίκαια Crates Theb.12; λαλιάν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>931</span> (anap.): c. dupl. acc., ἀ. αὑτόν τε καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὑτῷ τὰ πολεμικά <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.6.10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">ἄσκει τοιαύτη μένειν</b> [[practise]], [[endeavour]] to remain such, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1024</span>; λέγειν ἠσκηκότες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>963</span>; εὐσεβεῖν ἠσκηκότα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1067</span>; <b class="b3">ἀ. γαστρὸς κρείττους εἶναι, τοὺς φίλους ἀγαθὰ ποιεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.2.45</span>,<span class="bibl">5.5.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἤσκει ἐξομιλεῖν παντοδαποῖς</b> he [[made a practice of]] associating... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ages.</span>11.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> abs., <b class="b2">practise, go into training</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>389c</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.29</span>; οἱ ἀσκέοντες [[those who practise gymnastics]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span> 9</span>; περὶ τὰς βαναύσους τέχνας <span class="bibl">Plb.9.20.9</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">work raw materials, form by art</b> (Il.), [[exercise]], [[train]] (Hdt.).<br />Other forms: Aor. <b class="b3">ἀσκῆσαι</b><br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[aketirija]] \/[[asketriai]]\/ also [[aketirja]] [[worksters]] of textile, wool?<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἄσκησις</b> f. <b class="b2">(gymnastic) exercise</b> (Hp.) [[ascetism]] (Luc.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unknown. The oldest meaning may be <b class="b2">work on material, make it better, useful, more beautiful</b>. As DELG remarks it might be a denom. of <b class="b3">ἀσκός</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">prepare a skin</b> (from there <b class="b2">train your body</b>?). Cf. Baunack Stud. 1, 258ff.