ἔρχομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.13.256</span>, etc. (Act. <b class="b3">ἔρχω</b> as barbarism, <span class="bibl">Tim.<span class="title">Pers.</span>167</span>): impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἠρχόμην <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.59</span>, <span class="bibl">Arat.102</span>, (δι-) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.93</span> ; freq. in later Prose, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>48.7</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>1.45</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Jud.Voc.</span>4</span>, <span class="bibl">Paus.5.8.5</span>, etc.; in Att. rare even in compds., ἐπ-ηρχόμην <span class="bibl">Th.4.120</span> (perh. fr. <b class="b3">ἐπάρχομαι</b>), <b class="b3">προσ-</b> ib.<span class="bibl">121</span> (perh. fr. <b class="b3">προσάρχομαι</b>), περι- <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>504</span> cod.: from <b class="b3">ἐλυθ-</b> (cf. [[ἐλεύθω]]) come fut. <b class="b3">ἐλεύσομαι</b>, Hom., Ion., Trag. (<span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>854</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>522</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1206</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>595</span>), in Att. Prose only in <span class="bibl">Lys.22.11</span>, freq. later, <span class="bibl">D.H.3.15</span>, etc.: aor., Ep. and Lyr. ἤλῠθον <span class="bibl">Il.1.152</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.99</span>, etc., used by E. (not A. or S.) in dialogue (<span class="title">Rh.</span>660,<span class="title">El.</span> 598,<span class="title">Tr.</span>374, cf. <span class="bibl">Neophr.1.1</span>); but <b class="b3">ἦλθον</b> is more freq. even in Hom., and is the only form used in obl. moods, <b class="b3">ἐλθέ, ἔλθω, ἔλθοιμι, ἐλθεῖν, ἐλθών</b>; Ep. inf. <b class="b3">ἐλθέμεναι, -έμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.1.151</span>, <span class="bibl">15.146</span> (indic. never <b class="b3">ἐλυθ-</b> unaugmented unless ἐξ-ελύθη <span class="bibl">Il.5.293</span> has replaced <b class="b3">ἐξ-έλυθε</b>); Dor. ἦνθον <span class="bibl">Epich.180</span>, <span class="bibl">Sophr.144</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.118</span>; imper. ἐνθέ <span class="bibl">Aristonous 1.9</span> ; part. ἐνθών <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).867 (Corc., vi B.C.), (κατ-) <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 657.4 (Arc., iv B.C.); subj.ἔνθῃ <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span>1927.164 (Cyrene); Lacon. <b class="b3">ἔλσῃ, ἔλσοιμι, ἐλσών</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>105</span>, <span class="bibl">118</span>, <span class="bibl">1081</span> ; later ἦλθα <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">2 Ki.</span>24.7</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>25.36</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>530.11</span> (i A.D.), <span class="title">IG</span>14.1320, etc.; 3pl. ἤλθοσαν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Jo.</span>2.22</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>179</span> (ii B.C.), etc.; ἤλυθα <span class="title">IG</span>14.1971, <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>37.424</span>, (ἐπ-) <span class="title">AP</span>14.44 : pf. <b class="b3">ἐλήλῠθα</b> (not in Hom.) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>943</span>, etc.; sync. pl. <b class="b3">ἐλήλῠμεν, -υτε</b>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.235</span>, <span class="bibl">Achae.24</span>,<span class="bibl">43</span> ; Ep. <b class="b3">εἰλήλουθα</b>, whence I pl. εἰλήλουθμεν <span class="bibl">Il.9.49</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.81</span>, part. εἰληλουθώς <span class="bibl">19.28</span>, <span class="bibl">20.360</span> ; once ἐληλουθώς <span class="bibl">Il.15.81</span>, part. κατ-εληλευθυῖα <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span> 1927.166 (Cyrene); Cret. pf. inf. <b class="b3">ἀμφ-εληλεύθεν</b>, v. [[ἀμφέρχομαι]]: Boeot. pf. διεσσ-είλθεικε <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 485.2 (Thesp., iii B.C.), part. <b class="b3">κατηνθηκότι</b> ib.657.39 (Arc., iv B.C.): plpf. ἐληλύθειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1306</span> ; Ion. ἐληλύθεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.98</span> ; Ep. εἰληλούθει <span class="bibl">Il.4.520</span>, εἰληλούθειν <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 532</span>.—In Att. the obl. moods of pres., as well as the impf. and fut. were replaced by forms of <b class="b3">εἶμι</b> [[ibo]] (q.v.): in LXX and Hellenistic Greek the place of the compounds, esp. <b class="b3">ἐξ-, εἰσέρχομαι</b>, is commonly taken by <b class="b3">ἐκ-, εἰσπορεύομαι</b>, etc., the fut., aor., and pf. being supplied as before by <b class="b3">ἐλυθ-</b> (ἐλθ-): </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> [[start]], [[set out]], <b class="b3">ἦ μέν μοι μάλα πολλὰ..Λυκάων ἐρχομένῳ ἐπέτελλε</b> when I [[was setting out]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.198</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">150</span> ; <b class="b3">τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς</b> a ship [[was]] just [[starting]], <span class="bibl">Od. 14.334</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐς πλόον ἐρχομένοις</b> (v.l. [[ἀρχ-]]) <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.34</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[walk]],= περιπατέω, χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Il.5.442</span> ; <b class="b3">σὲ δ' ἐρχόμενον ἐν δίκᾳ πολὺς ὄλβος ἀμφινέμεται</b> [[walking]] in justice, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>5.14</span> : the two foreg. rare signfs. belong only to the pres. <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> (much more freq.) [[come]] or [[go]] (the latter esp. in Ep. and Lyr.), <b class="b3">ἦλθες</b> thou [[art come]], <span class="bibl">Od.16.461</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">χαίροισ' ἔρχεο</b> [[go]] and fare thee well, <span class="bibl">Sapph.<span class="title">Supp.</span>23.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.9.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.320</span>, <span class="bibl">1.281</span> ; ἀγγελίην στρατοῦ.. ἐρχομένοιο <span class="bibl">2.30</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10.267</span> ; <b class="b3">πάλιν ἐλθέμεν, αὖτε εἰλήλουθα</b>, <span class="bibl">19.533</span>, <span class="bibl">549</span> ; <b class="b3">οἶκον ἐλεύσεται</b> ib.<span class="bibl">313</span> ; οἴκαδε <span class="bibl">5.220</span> ; ἐς οἴκους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>833</span> : as a hortatory exclamation, ἀλλ' ἔρχευ, λέκτρονδ' ἴομεν <span class="bibl">Od.23.254</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.529</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">ὁδὸν ἐλθέμεναι</b> [[to go]] a journey, <span class="bibl">Il.1.151</span> ; ἄλλην ὁδόν, ἄλλα κέλευθα ἤλθομεν <span class="bibl">Od.9.262</span> ; τηϋσίην ὁδὸν ἔλθῃς <span class="bibl">3.316</span> : freq. in Trag., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>962</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>714</span> (also κατὰ τὴν αὐτὴν ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>707d</span>); <b class="b3">νόστιμον ἐλθεῖν πόδα</b> (v.l. [[δόμον]]) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1153</span> ; <b class="b3">ἀγγε-</b> <b class="b3">λίην, ἐξεσίην ἐλθεῖν</b>, [[go]] on an embassy, <span class="bibl">Il.11.140</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.21.20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. loci, <b class="b2">come to, arrive at</b>, rare in Hom., Ἀΐδαο δόμους ἔρχεαι <span class="bibl">Il. 22.483</span> ; ἔρχεσθον κλισίην <span class="bibl">1.322</span> : freq. in later Poets, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.52</span>, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Tr.</span>259</span>, etc. ; [[traverse]], ὁ ἥλιος ἔρχεται τῆς Λιβύης τὰ ἄνω <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.24</span> : c. acc. pers., <b class="b3">αῐ κέν τι νέκυς</b> (acc. pl.) ῂσχυμμένος ἔλθῃ <span class="bibl">Il.18.180</span> ; σὲ δ', ὦ τέκνον, τόδ' ἐλήλυθεν πᾶν κράτος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>141</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. gen. loci, <b class="b3">ἔρχονται πεδίοιο</b> [[through]] or [[across]] the plain, <span class="bibl">Il.2.801</span> ; but also, [[from]] a place, γῆς τινος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>572</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> c. dat. pers., [[come to]], i.e. [[come to aid]] or [[relieve]] one, rare in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.16.453</span> ; freq. later, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>. etc. ; ἀποροῦντι αὐτῷ ἔρχεται Προμηθεὺς ἐπισκεψόμενος τὴν νομήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>321c</span> ; also in hostile sense, ἔρχομαί σοι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apoc.</span>2.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> c. fut. part., to denote the object, <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἔγχος οίσόμενος</b> I [[go to]] fetch.., <span class="bibl">Il.13.256</span> ; ἔρχομαι ὀψομένη <span class="bibl">14.301</span> : freq. in Trag., μαρτυρήσων ἦλθον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>576</span> ; ἐκσώσων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1303</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Hdt. like an auxiliary Verb, <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἐρέων, φράσων</b>, I [[am going to]] tell, <span class="bibl">1.5</span>,<span class="bibl">3.6</span>, al. ; σημανέων <span class="bibl">4.99</span> ; μηκυνέων <span class="bibl">2.35</span> : rare in Att., <b class="b3">ἔ. κατηγορήσων, ἀποθανούμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>2c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Thg.</span>129a</span> ; <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἐπιχειρῶν -σοι ἐπιδείξασθαι</b>, for <b class="b3">ἔ. σοι ἐπιδειξόμενος</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>100b</span> ; οὐ τοῦτο λέξων ἔρχομαι, ὡς.. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>2.7</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> c. part. pres., aor., or pf., in Hom., to show the manner of moving, <b class="b3">ἄγγελος ἦλθε θέουσα</b> she [[came]] running, <span class="bibl">Il.11.715</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">μὴ πεφοβημένος ἔλθῃς</b> lest thou [[come thither]] in full flight,<span class="bibl">10.510</span> ; <b class="b3">ἦλθε φθάμενος</b> he [[came]] first,<span class="bibl">23.779</span> ; κεχαρισμένος ἔλθυι <span class="bibl">Od.2.54</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> aor, part. <b class="b3">ἐλθών</b> added to Verbs, <b class="b3">οὐ δύναμαι..μάχεσθαι ἐλθών</b> [[go and]] fight, <span class="bibl">Il.16.521</span> ; <b class="b3">κάθηρον ἐλθών</b> [[come and]] cleanse, ib.<span class="bibl">668</span> ; λέγοιμ' ἂν ἐλθών <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>928</span> ; δρᾶ νυν τάδ' ἐλθών <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1107</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> of any kind of motion, <b class="b3">ἐξ ἁλὸς ἐλθεῖν</b> [[to rise]] out of the sea, <span class="bibl">Od.4.448</span>, al. ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πόντον</b> [[to go]] over it, <span class="bibl">2.265</span> ; with qualifying phrase, <b class="b3">πόδεσσιν ἔ</b>. [[to go]] on foot, <span class="bibl">6.40</span> (but <b class="b3">πεζὸς εἰλήλουθα</b> [[have come]] as a foot-soldier, <span class="bibl">Il. 5.204</span>) ; of birds, <span class="bibl">17.755</span>, etc. ; of ships, <span class="bibl">15.549</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.14.334</span> ; of spears or javelins, freq. in Il. ; of natural phenomena, as rivers, <span class="bibl">5.91</span> ; wind and storm, <span class="bibl">9.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.12.288</span> ; clouds, <span class="bibl">Il.4.276</span>,<span class="bibl">16.364</span> ; stars, [[rise]], <span class="bibl">Od. 13.94</span> ; time, είς ὅ κεν ἔλθῃ νύξ <span class="bibl">Il.14.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">24.351</span> ; ἐπὴν ἔλθῃσι θέρος <span class="bibl">Od.11.192</span> ; ἔτος ἦλθε <span class="bibl">1.16</span> ; of events and conditions, είς ὅ κε γῆρας ἔλθῃ καὶ θάνατος <span class="bibl">13.59</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">11.135</span> ; of feelings, [[go]], ἦ κέ μοι αίνὸν ἀπὸ πραπίδων ἄχος ἔλθοι <span class="bibl">Il.22.43</span> ; ἀπὸ πραπίδων ἦλθ' ἵμερος <span class="bibl">24.514</span> ; of sounds, etc., τὸν..περὶ φρένας ἤλυθ' ίωή <span class="bibl">10.139</span> ; Κύκλωπα περὶ φρένας ἤλυθεν οἶνος <span class="bibl">Od.9.362</span> ; without <b class="b3">φρένας, περὶ δέ σφεας ἤλυθ' ι&gt;ωή</b> <span class="bibl">17.261</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.6</span> ; of battle, ὁμόσ' ἦλθε μάχη <span class="bibl">Il.13.337</span> ; of things sent or taken, ὄφρα κε δῶρα ἐκ κλισίης ἔλθῃσι <span class="bibl">19.191</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1.120</span> ; so later, esp. of danger or evil, c. dat., εἰ πάλιν ἔλθοι τῇ Ἑλλάδι κίνδυνος ὑπὸ βαρβάρων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.5.43</span> ; ἦλθεν αὐτῷ Ζηνὸς βέλος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>360</span> ; μηδ' ὑπ' ἀνάγκας γάμος ἔλθοι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1032</span> (lyr.), cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>436</span> ; of reports, commands, etc., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>663</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.19</span> ; <b class="b3">τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις ὡς ἦλθε τὰ γεγενημένα</b> [[came to]] their [[ears]], ib.<span class="bibl">96</span> ; <b class="b3">τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἐπ' αὐτόν</b> that which [[was about to happen]] to him, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>18.4</span> ; of property, which [[comes]] or [[passes]] to a person by bequest, conveyance, gift, etc., τὰ ἐληλυθότα εἴς με ἀπὸ κληρονομίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>919.7</span> (ii A. D.) ; <b class="b3">ἐ. εἴς τινα ἀπὸ παραχωρήσεως, κατὰ δωρεάν</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>3.1164e6</span> (iii A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMasp.</span>96.22</span> (vi A. D.) : —Geom., [[pass]], [[fall]], <b class="b3">ἔ. ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σαμεῖον</b> [[pass]] through the same point, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Aequil.</span>1.15</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅπου ἂν ἔρχηται τὸ ἕτερον σαμεῖον</b> wherever the other point [[falls]], ib.<span class="bibl">2.10</span>.</span> <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span>Post-Homeric phrases : </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">ἐς λόγους ἔρχεσθαί τινι</b> [[come]] to speech with, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.86</span>.<b class="b3">α'</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1164</span> codd. ; so ἐς ὄψιν τινὶ ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.42</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν τινι</b> (v. <b class="b3">χείρ</b>) ; so ἐς μάχην ἐλθεῖν τινι <span class="bibl">Id.7.9</span>.γ ; είς ὸργάς τισιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>572a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μεῖζον ἔ</b>. increase, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 259</span> ; ἐπὶ μηδέν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>871.8</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>1000</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ πᾶν ἐλθεῖν</b> try everything, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.18</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ δεινόν, ἐς τὰ ἀλγεινὰ ἐλθεῖν</b>, [[come]] into danger, etc., <span class="bibl">Th.3.45</span>,<span class="bibl">2.39</span> ; είς τοσοῦτον αίσχύνης ἐληλύθατον ὥστε.. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>487b</span>, etc. ; εἰς τὸ ἔσχατον ἀδικίας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>361d</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἔσχατον ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας</b> Id <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span>240d</span> ; <b class="b3">ὅσοι ἐνταῦθα ἦλθον ἡλικίας</b> [[arrived]] at that time of life, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>329b</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐς ἀσθενὲς ἔ</b>. [[come]] to an impotent conclusion, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.120</span> ; <b class="b3">ἐς ἀριθμὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> to be numbered, <span class="bibl">Th.2.72</span> ; εἰς ἔρωτά τινος ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Anaxil.21.6</span> ; εἰς ἔλεγχον <span class="bibl">Philem.93.3</span>, etc. ; <b class="b3">εἰς ἑαυτὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> [[come]] to oneself, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>15.17</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.1.15</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">παρὰ μικρὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> c. inf., <b class="b2">come within a little of, be near</b> a thing, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Heracl.</span>296</span> (anap.) ; παρ' ὀλίγον ἐλθεῖν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span>10</span> ; <b class="b3">παρὰ τοσοῦτον ἡ Μυτιλήνη ἦλθε κινδύνου</b> so narrow was her escape, <span class="bibl">Th.3.49</span> ; παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθόντες τοῦ ἀποβαλεῖν <span class="bibl">Plb.1.45.14</span> ; παρ' οὐδὲν ἐλθ. ἀπολέσθαι <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Cam.</span>8</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> with <b class="b3">διά</b> and gen., periphr. for a Verb, e.g. <b class="b3">διὰ μάχης τινὶ ἐλθεῖν</b> for μάχεσθαί τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>978</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span> ; <b class="b3">διὰ πυρὸς ἐλθεῖν τινι</b> rage furiously against.., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>488</span> (lyr.) ; but <b class="b3">οί διὰ πάντων τῶν καλῶν ἐληλυθότες</b> [[who have gone]] through the whole circle of duties, have fulfilled them all, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.15</span> ; διὰ πολλῶν κινδύνων ἐλθόντες Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>2.142a. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">ἔ. παρὰ τὴν γυναῖκα, παρὰ Ἀρίστωνα</b>, of sexual intercourse, [[go in to]] her, [[to]] him, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.115</span>,<span class="bibl">6.68</span> ; <b class="b3">πρός τινα</b>, of marriage, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>7.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> ἔ. ἐπὶ πόλιν [[attack]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.11</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">ἔ. ἐς</b> [[depend]] upon or [[be concerned]] with, τό γ' εἰς ἀνθρώπους ἐλθόν Aristid. 1.149 J. ; τοῖς λογισμοῖς εἰς ἑαυτοὺς ἐρχόμενοι <span class="bibl">D.S.13.95</span> ; ὅσα εἰς ἀρετὴν ἔρχεται <span class="bibl">Lib.<span class="title">Or.</span>22.18</span> ; <b class="b3">τῶν πραττομένων οὐκ όλίγον εἰς ἐκεῖνον ἤρχετο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">14.31</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[come]], also [[go]], [[wander]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: only present-stem<br />Compounds: very often with determinating prefix <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b> etc.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [328] <b class="b2">*h₁er-</b> [[move]], [[go]]<br />Etymology: Probably to <b class="b3">ἐρ- ὀρ-</b> in <b class="b3">ὄρνυμι</b> (s. also <b class="b3">ἐρέθω</b>) but without certain cognate outside Greek. (A present formant <b class="b3">-χ-</b> appears in <b class="b3">τρύ-χ-ω</b>, <b class="b3">στενά-χ-ω</b>, after consonant in <b class="b3">σπέρχομαι</b>.) One compared OIr. ipv. [[eirg]] <b class="b2">go!</b>, fut. [[regaid]] [[he will go]] (Sarauw KZ 38, 160) and Skt. <b class="b2">r̥ghāyáti</b> [[tremble]], [[rage]], with further iterative <b class="b3">ὀρχέομαι</b> [[dance]]. The connection with Skt. <b class="b2">r̥ccháti</b> <b class="b2">come upon sthing, reach</b>, with Hitt. <b class="b2">ar-šk-izzi</b> iter. <b class="b2">reach repeatedly, make incursions</b>, presupposes, that <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι</b> continues <b class="b3">*ἔρ-σκ-ομαι</b> (on the phonetics Schwyzer 335f.); this was argued by Rix, MSS 27 (1969)79-110, assuming <b class="b2">*h₁r-sk-eti</b>. - Pok. 328 und Schwyzer 702 A. 6. -