δίφρος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, heterocl. pl. <b class="b3">δίφρα, τά,</b> <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Dian.</span>135</span>, <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>27.238</span>: (perh. for <b class="b3">διφόρος</b>):—<span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[chariot-board]], on which [[two]] could stand, the driver (ἡνίοχος) and the combatant (παραιβάτης), <span class="bibl">Il.5.160</span>, <span class="bibl">11.748</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>61</span>: metaph., ἕστηκεν ἐν τῷ δ. τῆς πόλεως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>566d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[chariot]], <span class="bibl">Il.10.305</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.10</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Tact.</span>19.3</span>, etc.; ἐϋπλέκτῳ ἐνὶ δίφρῳ <span class="bibl">Il.23.335</span>; μεταμείβοντος δίφρον ἐκ δίφρου <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>3.122b</span>; of the Sun's [[chariot]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>2</span>, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Dian.</span>111</span>; Μοισᾶν δ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.81</span>; [[travelling-car]], <span class="bibl">Od.3.324</span>; [[litter]], δ. κατάστεγος <span class="bibl">D.C.60.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[seat]], [[couch]], [[stool]], <span class="bibl">Il.3.424</span>, <span class="bibl">6.354</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.19.97</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1164</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>328c</span>, etc.; δ. Θετταλικός <span class="bibl">Eup.58</span>; = Lat. [[sella curulis]], <span class="bibl">Plb.6.53.9</span>, etc.; judge's [[seat of office]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>1.9</span>, al.; royal [[throne]], <span class="title">OGI</span>199.38 (i A. D.); [[night-stool]], <span class="bibl">Aristid.<span class="title">Or.</span>49(25).19</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">seat, chair, chariot-board, chariot</b> (Il.).<br />Derivatives: Diminut.: <b class="b3">διφρίσκος</b> (Ar.), <b class="b3">διφρίον</b> (Tim. Lex.), <b class="b3">διφρίδιον</b> (EM); - <b class="b3">δίφραξ</b> [[chair]] (Theoc.; familiar, Chantr. Form. 379), <b class="b3">δίφρακον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Samos IVa; more s. Chantr. 384); <b class="b3">δίφρις ὁ ἑδραῖος</b>, <b class="b3">καὶ καθήμενος ἀεί</b>, <b class="b3">οἷον ἀργός</b> H.; cf. <b class="b3">τρόχις</b> [[runner]] a. o. - Adj. <b class="b3">δίφριος</b> (AP). - Denomin. <b class="b3">διφρεύω</b> [[drive in a car]] (E.) with <b class="b3">διφρευτής</b> [[chariot-driver]] (S.), <b class="b3">διφρευτικός</b> (Ephor.), <b class="b3">διφρεία</b> [[driving a chariot]] (X.); more common <b class="b3">διφρ-ηλάτης</b> (Pi.) with <b class="b3">διφρηλατέω</b> and <b class="b3">διφρηλασία</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [228] <b class="b2">*du̯i-bhr-o-</b> [[two-bearer]]<br />Etymology: Prop. "two-bearer", from <b class="b3">δίς</b> and <b class="b3">φέρω</b>, <b class="b3">δί-φρ-ο-ς</b>, originally a chair with two handels or a chair carried by two (on both sides), then the box of a chariot (cf. Fraenkel <b class="b3">Ἀντίδωρον</b> 282). - That <b class="b3">δι-</b> in <b class="b3">δίφρος</b> in Homer never makes position (Solmsen Unt. 211f.), may be due to dissimilation against the following labial <b class="b3">φ</b> (cf. from Skt. Debrunner IF 56, 171ff., Symbolae Hrozný 110f.) or to the fact that <b class="b3">δίφρος</b>, like <b class="b3">ἱδρώς</b> (Schwyzer 222 n. 5), came from the living language and was outside the tradition of the epic language.