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ἡδύς: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=idys | |Transliteration C=idys | ||
|Beta Code=h(du/s | |Beta Code=h(du/s | ||
|Definition=<b class="b3">ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ, ἡδὺς ἀϋτμή</b> (as fem.) once in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.12.369</span>: Dor. ἁδύς [ᾱ], Boeot. neut. ϝαδού (written | |Definition=<b class="b3">ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ, ἡδὺς ἀϋτμή</b> (as fem.) once in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.12.369</span>: Dor. ἁδύς [ᾱ], Boeot. neut. ϝαδού (written [[γάδου]]) cj. in <span class="bibl">Corinn.17</span> (cf. pr. n. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> ϝαδιούλογος <span class="title">IG</span>7.2788.3), Elean βᾱδύς (q.v.): irreg. acc. [[ἁδέα]] for ἡδύν <span class="bibl">Theoc.20.44</span>, for [[ἡδεῖαν]] ib.<span class="bibl">[8]</span>, <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.82</span>: Ion. fem. [[ἡδέᾰ]], Dor. [[ἁδέα]]: Comp. <b class="b3">ἡδίων [ῑ</b>], Sup. ἥδιστος <span class="bibl">Od.13.80</span>, etc.; also ἡδύτερος <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.2.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Ps.-Phoc.195</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>9.247 (Phil.); [[ἡδύτατος]] ib.<span class="bibl">11.298.7</span>, Plu.2.98e. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> [[pleasant]] to the taste, δεῖπνον <span class="bibl">Od.20.391</span>; of wine, <span class="bibl">3.51</span>, <span class="bibl">9.197</span>, etc.; to the smell, ἀμβροσίην . . ἡδὺ μάλα πνείουσαν <span class="bibl">4.446</span>; ὀδμὴ δ' ἡδεῖα ἀπὸ κρητῆρος ὀδώδει <span class="bibl">9.210</span>; to the hearing, δίδου δ' ἡδεῖαν ἀοιδήν <span class="bibl">8.64</span>; αὐδή <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>40</span>; feelings or states, ἡ. ὕπνος <span class="bibl">Il.4.131</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.364</span>, al.; κοῖτος <span class="bibl">19.510</span>; ἡδὺ μάλα κνώσσουσα <span class="bibl">4.809</span>; <b class="b3">ἡδὺς μῦθος</b>, opp. [[ἀλγεινός]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>12</span>: c. inf., φέγγος ἥδιον δρακεῖν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>602</span>; <b class="b3">ἡδὺς ἀκοῦσαι [λόγος</b>] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>81d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>503</span>; later ἡ. ἀκουσθῆναι <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>9</span>; εἰ . . τόδε πᾶσι φίλον καὶ ἡδὺ γένοιτο <span class="bibl">Il.4.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.387</span>: c. inf., οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε μετὰ φρεσὶν ἡδὺ γένοιτο ζωέμεν <span class="bibl">Od.24.435</span>; ἁδύ τι θαρσαλέαις τὸν μακρὸν τείνειν βίον ἐλπίσι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>536</span>, etc.; so <b class="b3">οὔ μοι ἥδιόν ἐστι λέγειν</b> I had [[rather]] not... <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.46</span>: neut. as Subst., τὸ δι' ἀκοῆς τε καὶ δι' ὄψεως ἡδύ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>298a</span>; <b class="b3">μεμιγμένον τῷ σεμνῷ τὸ ἡ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>1</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ ἡ</b>. [[pleasures]], <span class="bibl">Th.5.105</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>495a</span>, etc.: neut. as Adv., <b class="b3">ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἡδὺ γέλασσαν</b> [[merrily]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.270</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἁδὺ δὲ καὶ τὺ συρίσδες</b> [[sweetly]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> after Hom., of persons, [[welcome]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>82</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>530</span> (Sup.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>929</span>; ironically, ἥδιστος . . δεσμώτης ἔσω θακεῖ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>105</span>; like [[εὐήθης]], [[innocent]], [[simple]], ὡς ἡ. εἶ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>491e</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Art.</span>17</span>, etc.: Sup., <b class="b3">ὦ ἥδιστε</b> [[my good friend]] (iron.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>348c</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> [[well-pleased]], [[glad]], ἡδίους ἔσεσθ' ἀκούσαντες <span class="bibl">D.23.64</span>; ἡδίους ταῖς ἐλπίσιν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cam.</span>32</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν γνώμην ἡδίω πρὸς τὸ μέλλον ποιεῖν</b> to open [[a pleasanter]] view of the future, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fab.</span>5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[ἡδέως]] [[pleasantly]], [[with pleasure]], καθεύδειν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>43b</span>; εὕδειν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>175</span>; δρᾶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>70</span>; ὁρᾶν τινα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>1122</span>; βίοτον ἄγειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>453</span>; <b class="b3">λαβεῖν, δέχεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>440</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.4</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἂν ἐροίμην</b> I would [[gladly]] ask, should [[like to]] ask, <span class="bibl">D.18.64</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔχειν τι</b> to be [[pleased]] or [[content]] with, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>647</span> (but <b class="b3">ἵν' ἡ δόκησις Ξοῦθον ἡ. ἔχῃ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1602</span>); <b class="b3">οὐδὲ πότων ἡ. εἶχον</b> had no [[inclination to]] drink, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>3.13</span>; τινος, of a person, Macho ap.<span class="bibl">Ath.13.577e</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἅπαντας</b> to be [[suave]], [[courteous]] towards... <span class="bibl">Isoc.1.20</span>; τινι <span class="bibl">D.5.15</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔχειν</b>, of things, to be [[pleasant]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>483</span>; ἡ. ἔμοιγε κἀλγεινῶς ἅμα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>436</span>; iron., <b class="b3">ἡ. γε</b> '[[prettily]] said', <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>300c</span>: Comp. ἥδιον <span class="bibl">Lys.7.40</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.67</span>, etc.: Sup., ἥδιστα μεντἂν ἤκουσα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>183d</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> in Hom. neut. [[ἡδύ]] as Adv. (v. supr.), cf. ἥδομαι. [ἥδῐον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1101</span> (s.v.l.), <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">V.</span>298</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Alex.25.6</span>, but <b class="b3">ἡδίον (α) [ῑ</b>] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>251</span>, etc.] (Skt. [[svādús]], Lat. [[suāvis]].) </span> | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[sweet]], [[tasteful]], [[pleasant]], [[pleasing]] (Il.);<br />Other forms: Dor. | |etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[sweet]], [[tasteful]], [[pleasant]], [[pleasing]] (Il.);<br />Other forms: Dor. [[ἁδύς]], El. etc. [[Ϝαδύς]]<br />Compounds: very often as 1. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἡδυ-επής</b> [[with sweet words]], [[sounding pleasant]] (Il.); as 2. member <b class="b3">-ηδής</b>, s. [[ἥδομαι]]. On [[ἡδίων]] (rare a. late [[ἡδύτερος]]), [[ἥδιστος]] s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 57f.<br />Derivatives: [[ἥδυμος]] [[sweet]], [[comforting]], dactylic variant of [[ἡδύς]], of [[ὕπνος]] (Il.; in Hom. always wrongly [[νήδυμος]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann Hom. Wörter 44f.), also <b class="b3">Α῝δυμος</b> as PN; cf. [[ἔτυμος]] and Schwyzer 494, Chantraine Formation 151f.; [[ἡδύλος]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, hypocoristic enlargement (A. D., EM) with [[ἡδυλίζω]] [[flatter]], [[tempt]] (Men.), <b class="b3">ἡδυλίσαι συνουσιάσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἡδυλισμός συνουσία</b> H.; also as PN with `[[Ηδυλίνη]] (Attica IVa), `[[Ηδύλειος]] (Delos IIIa); further `[[Ηδυτώ]] (Attica Va; after [[Ἐρατώ]] a. o.), `[[Ηδάριον]] (Rhodes; after the dimin. in <b class="b3">-άριον</b>). Backformation [[ἦδος]] [[vinegar]] (Ath.), cf. [[γᾶδος]] (= <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>) [[γάλα]], <b class="b3">ἄλλοι ὄξος</b> H., on the meaning Schwyzer Festschrift Kretschmer 244ff.; also Pisani KZ 68, 176f. (where unclear Arm. k<b class="b2">ac̣ax</b> [[vinegar]] is discussed). Denomin. verb [[ἡδύνω]] [[sweeten]], [[make tasteful]], [[spice]] (IA.) with [[ἥδυσμα]], <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> [[spice]] (Ion.-Att.), [[ἡδυσμός]], <b class="b3">ἡδυν-τός</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">spiced etc.</b> (also from salt).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1039] <b class="b2">*sueh₂d-</b> [[sweet]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[sweet]], identical with Skt. <b class="b2">svādú-</b>, Gaul. <b class="b2">Suadu-rīx</b>, <b class="b2">-genus</b> , IE <b class="b2">*sueh₂dú-s</b>; also Lat. [[suāvis]], Germ., e. g. OHG [[suozi]], OE. [[swēte]] [[sweet]]. The full grade perhaps from the comparative [[ἡδίων]], Skt. <b class="b2">svā́dīyas-</b> (also [[ἥδιστος]] = <b class="b2">svā́diṣṭha-</b>). The zero grade in Lith. <b class="b2">súdyti</b> [[spice]], [[salt]], Skt. <b class="b2">sūdáyati</b>, perf. pl. <b class="b2">su-ṣūd-imá</b> [[make tasteful]]. - Forms in W.-Hofmann s. [[suāvis]]. S. also [[ἥδομαι]], [[ἁνδάνω]]. | ||
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