ὕλη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῡ], ἡ, <span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[forest]], [[woodland]], <span class="bibl">Il.11.155</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.17.316</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Jac.</span>3.5</span>, etc.; γῆν . . δασέαν ὕλῃ παντοίῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.21</span>; ἀπ' ὕλης ἀγρίης ζώειν <span class="bibl">Id.1.203</span>; <b class="b3">ὕλα ἀεργός</b> virgin [[forest]], Berl.Sitzb.1927.167 (Cyrene); <b class="b3">τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη</b> fruit-trees and [[forest-trees]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.69</span> (cf.[[δένδρον]]); not only of [[forest-trees]], but also of [[copse]], [[brushwood]], [[undergrowth]] (cf. [[ὕλημα]]), directly opp. to timber-trees, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.1</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Oec.</span>16.13</span>, <span class="bibl">17.12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>6.577.8</span> (iii B. C.), <span class="bibl">Sor.1.40</span>: also in pl., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>386</span>, <span class="bibl">Hecat.291</span> J., <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb. 5.7.10</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.3.48</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Th.</span>6</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.5.1.12</span>, <span class="bibl">15.1.60</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pyrrh.</span>25</span>, <span class="title">Cat. Ma.</span>21, <span class="title">Comp.Cim.Luc.</span>3, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Prom.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sacr.</span>10</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Am.</span>12</span>, <span class="bibl">Babr.12.2</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>3.69</span>,<span class="bibl">252</span>, <span class="bibl">16.91</span>, <span class="bibl">36.70</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[wood cut down]], <span class="bibl">Od.5.257</span> (cf. III); [[firewood]], [[fuel]], <span class="bibl">Il.7.418</span>, <span class="bibl">23.50</span>,''III'', al., <span class="bibl">Od.9.234</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.164</span>,<span class="bibl">6.80</span>; [[brushwood]], <span class="bibl">Id.7.36</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.75</span>, etc.; [[timber]], ὕ. ναυπηγησίμη <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>705c</span>; ναυπηγήσιμος καὶ οἰκοδομική <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>5.7.1</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).102.50 (Epid., iv B. C.); also, [[twigs]] for birds' nests, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>559a2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> [[the stuff]] of which a thing is made, [[material]], (perh. so of wood), <span class="bibl">Od.5.257</span>; rarely of other [[material]], as metal, οἱ παρ' ἄκμονι . . ὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες Plu.2.802b (cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>844</span>, but [[ὕλη]] is Plutarch's word): generally, [[materials]], PMasp.151.91 (vi A. D.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Philosophy, [[matter]], first in Arist. (<span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.93b</span>, al. is later); defined as <b class="b3">τὸ ὑποκείμενον γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς δεκτικόν</b>, <span class="title">GC</span>320a2; as <b class="b3">τὸ ἐζ οὗ γίγνεται</b>, <span class="title">Metaph.</span>1032a17; <b class="b3">οὐσία ἥ τε ὕ. καὶ τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὸ ἐκ τούτων</b> ib.1035a2; opp. as <b class="b3">δυνάμει τόδε τι</b> to <b class="b3">τόδε τι ἐνεργεία</b>, ib. 1042a27; opp. [[ἐντελέχεια]], ib.1038b6: in later philosoph. writers, mostly opp. to the intelligent and formative principle (νοῦς), <span class="bibl">Procl. <span class="title">Inst.</span>72</span>, etc.; ὕ. τῶν ἀριθμῶν <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Comm.Math.</span>4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[matter]] for a poem or treatise, <b class="b3">ὕ. τραγική, ποιητικαὶ ὗλαι</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.2.16.14</span>, Longin. 13.4, cf. 43.1, <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.172.1</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἡ ὑποκειμένη ὕ</b>. the subject-[[matter]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1094b12</span>, cf. Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>2.124 S. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ὕ. ἰατρική</b> [[materia]] medica, Dsc.tit.; so [[ὕλη]] alone, [[materia medica]], Id.1 <span class="title">Prooem.</span>, Gal. 17(2).181; <b class="b3">ὗλαι τῆς τέχνης</b> ibid., cf. 6.77, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.83</span>,<span class="bibl">110</span>, <span class="bibl">2.15</span>,<span class="bibl">28</span>; ἡ ὕ. τῶν ὁπλομαχικῶν ἐνεργειῶν Gal.6.157. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἡ μέση ὕλη</b> the middle [[range of diet]], <span class="bibl">Sor.1.46</span>, <span class="bibl">2.15</span>; τροφιμωτέρα ὕλη <span class="bibl">Id.1.95</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">36</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> pl., [[material resources]], βασιλικαὶ ὗλαι <span class="bibl">Ph.1.640</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> [[sediment]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>879</span>, cf. Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1086</span>, <span class="bibl">1088</span> (hence [[ὑλίζω]] (ἀφ-, δι-), ὑλώδης ''ΙΙ''); [[mud]], [[slime]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>70.9</span> (ii B. C.); <b class="b3">ὕλῃ, ὕλει</b>, and [[ἰλυῖ]] are cj. for [[ὕδει]] in <span class="bibl">Thgn.961</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> [[matter]] excreted from the human body, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.22</span>,<span class="bibl">23</span>,<span class="bibl">25</span>, al.; ἡ ὕ. τῶν ἐμπυημάτων Gal.18(2).256; [[phlegm]], [[catarrh]], [[PMed]]. in <span class="title">Arch.Pap.</span>4.270 (iii A. D.).</span>