πρανής: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ές, Ion. πρηνής (also in <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>350a11</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Spir.</span>484b29</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>106</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>18.3.1</span>, <span class="bibl">19.8.2</span>, Plu.2.680a, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tim.</span>11</span>, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>2.2</span>, <span class="bibl">7.22</span>, <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.194, etc.), gen. έος, Att. contr. οῦς:—of posture, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">with the face downwards, lying on the front, falling forwards</b>, opp. ὕπτιος, πρηνεῖς τε καὶ ὕπτιοι ἔκπεσον ἵππων <span class="bibl">Il.11.179</span>; ἐκ δίφροιο… ἐξεκυλίσθη πρηνὴς ἐν κονίῃσιν ἐπὶ στόμα <span class="bibl">6.43</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.418</span>, <span class="bibl">4.544</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>365</span>; πρηνὴς ἐπὶ γαίῃ κεῖτο ταθείς <span class="bibl">Il.21.118</span>; mostly with Verbs of falling, <b class="b3">πρηνὴς κάππεσε, ἤριπε, ἐλιάσθη</b>, <span class="bibl">16.413</span>, <span class="bibl">5.58</span>, <span class="bibl">15.543</span>; <b class="b3">πρηνέα… τανύσσας [Ἕκτορα</b>] <span class="bibl">23.25</span>; κατὰ πρηνὲς βαλέειν Πριάμοιο μέλαθρον [[headlong down]], <span class="bibl">2.414</span>; π. γενόμενος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>1.18</span> (fort. = [[πρησθείς]] [[becoming distended]]); <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τὸ πρηνὲς ῥέπειν</b> incline towards [[pronation]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Fract.</span> 1</span>; ἐς τὸ π. Id.<span class="title">Mochl.</span>8; of the arm and hand, [[with the palm downwards]], v.l. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fract.</span>2</span>; opp. [[ὕπτιος]], Arist.<span class="title">Spir.</span> l.c., <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Tim.</span>11</span>; of ἀστράγαλοι, ὀρθοὶ πίπτοντες ἢ πρηνεῖς Id.2.680a, cf. <span class="bibl">Poll.7.204</span>; of seeds, [[hollow side downwards]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>2.6.1</span>; of a ship, [[bottom upwards]], implied in Plu.<span class="title">Tim.</span>l.c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of parts of animals or man, that part which is uppermost and visible when the animal or man is in the [[πρανής]] position (the normal one for a quadruped), the [[back]] part, τὰ τετράποδα… ἐν τοῖς ὑπτίοις οὐκ ἔ χει τὰς τρίχας, ἀλλ' ἐν τοῖς πρανέσι μᾶλλον· οἱ δ' ἄνθρωποι τοὐναντίον ἐν τοῖς ὑπτίοις μᾶλλον ἢ ἐν τοῖς πρανέσιν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>658a17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HA</span>498b20</span>, <span class="bibl">519a21</span>, <span class="bibl">540a2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">GA</span>717b30</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of leaves and of the hand, the [[back]] or <b class="b2">'wrong'</b> side, τὰς ἶνας καὶ τὰς φλέβας ἐν τοῖς π. ἔχουσιν ὥσπερ ἡ χείρ <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>1.10.2</span> (misunderstood as the opposite by <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>16.88</span>), cf. <span class="bibl">3.14.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> of the sides of hills, πρὸς ἄναντες καὶ κατὰ πρανοῦς καὶ πλάγια ἐλαύνειν [[down hill]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>3.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>1.5.8</span>, <span class="bibl">4.8.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Sull.</span>18</span>; κατὰ τὰ π. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>8.6</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π</b>., opp. <b class="b3">τὸ ὄρθιον</b>, ibid., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.2.24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[convex]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>350a11</span>.</span>