εὐνή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, Ep. gen. sg. and pl. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> εὐνῆφι, -φιν <span class="bibl">Od.2.2</span>, al.:—[[bed]], εὐνῇ ἔνι μαλακῇ <span class="bibl">Il.9.618</span>, etc.; ἔβη εἰς εὐνήν <span class="bibl">Od. 1.427</span>, etc.; ὄρνυτ' ἄρ' ἐξ εὐνῆφιν <span class="bibl">Od.2.2</span>, al.: in Cret. Prose, εὐνά <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 180. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[bedding]], dist.fr. [[λέχος]] (the bedstead), λέχος πόρσυνε καὶ εὐνήν <span class="bibl">Od.3.403</span>; ἐκθεῖσαι πυκινὸν λέχος ἐμβάλετ' εὐνήν <span class="bibl">23.179</span>; cf. [[ἐνεύναιος]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> esp. of soldiers in the field, <span class="bibl">Th.3.112</span>, <span class="bibl">4.32</span>, <span class="bibl">6.67</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>415e</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>559</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Rh.</span>1</span> (anap.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">εὐναὶ νυμφάων</b> their [[abode]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.615</span>; of animals, συφεοὺς δυοκαίδεκα ποίει… εὐνὰς συσί <span class="bibl">Od.14.14</span>; [[lair]] of a deer, <span class="bibl">4.338</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.11.115</span>; [νεβρὸν] ἐξ εὐνῆφι θορόντα <span class="bibl">15.580</span>; [[form]] of a hare, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span> 6.16</span>; [[nest]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>425</span>; <b class="b3">κριοῦ εὐναί</b>, a place in Colchis where the ram of Phrixus rested, <span class="bibl">A.R.4.116</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[marriage-bed]], μεμνημένος οὔτε τι σίτου οὔτ' εὐνῆς <span class="bibl">Il.24.130</span>; εὐνῆς ἐπιβήμεναι <span class="bibl">9.133</span>; ἐξ εὐνῆς ἀνστᾶσα <span class="bibl">14.336</span>; usu. with some word added to denote this, ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνήν <span class="bibl">18.433</span>; ἀνδρὸς ἐν εὐνῇ ἤθελον εὐνηθῆναι <span class="bibl">Od.4.333</span>; ἀπανήνασθαι θεοῦ εὐνήν <span class="bibl">10.297</span>; ἐμίγην φιλότητι καὶ εὐνῇ <span class="bibl">Il.3.445</span>, etc.; ζαλωτὸν ὁμόφρονος εὐνᾶς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.6</span>; εὐναῖς ἀνανδρώτοισι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>109</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">εὐναὶ γαμήλιοι, νυμφίδιοι, κρύφιαι</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1027</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alc.</span>886</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">El.</span>720</span> (lyr.); without such a word, Διὸς εὐναί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.27</span>; <b class="b3">ἄλλην τιν' εὐνὴν ἀντὶ σοῦ στέργει πόσις</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>907</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>1011</span>; of Pyrrha and Deucalion, ἄτερ εὐνᾶς κτισσάσθαν λίθινον γόνον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>9.44</span>; ὅσιος ἀπ' εὐνᾶς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 150</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b2">one's last bed, the grave</b>, ἔνθα σ' ἔχουσιν εὐναί <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ch.</span>318</span> (lyr.); εἰς εὐνὴν πατρός <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>436</span>; Ἄϊδος εὐνάς <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>431 (Antioch.) (so some take <b class="b3">Τυφωέος εὐναί</b> in <span class="bibl">Il.2.783</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> pl. [[εὐναί]], [[stones thrown out from the prow and used as anchors]], ἐκ δ' εὐνὰς ἔβαλον, κατὰ δὲ πρυμνήσι' ἔδησαν <span class="bibl">Il.1.436</span>, = <span class="bibl">Od.15.498</span>; <b class="b3">ὕψι δ' ἐπ' εὐνάων ὁρμίσσομεν</b> we will let the ships ride [[at anchor]] in deep water, <span class="bibl">Il.14.77</span>; εὐνὰς δ' ἔνθ' ἔβαλον κατὰ βένθεος <span class="bibl">Q.S.12.346</span>; even of iron anchors, Sch.<span class="bibl">Il.1.436</span>.—Rare in early Prose, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.11.8</span>: in pl., Th.Il.cc., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>321a</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>415e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Plt.</span>272a</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[layer]] (of animals and soldiers), [[bed]], [[matrimonial bed]], metaph. [[marriage]] and [[tomb]], as nautical expression in plur. [[anchor-stones]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: As 1. member in [[εὐνοῦχος]] m. "protector of the bed", [[chamberlain]], [[eunuch]] (Ion.-Att.; on the meaning E. Maaß, RhM 74, 432ff.) with [[εὐνουχίζω]], <b class="b3">-ίας</b> a. o. As 2. member a. o. in <b class="b3">χαμαι-εύνης</b> (on the formation Schwyzer 451), f. <b class="b3">-ευνάς</b> <b class="b2">with its layer on the bottom, lying on the naked bottom</b> (Hom.); also <b class="b3">χαμ-ευνάς</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Lyc.), as determinative [[layer on the bottom]] (Nil. Th. 23); in this meaning further <b class="b3">χαμ-εύνη</b>, <b class="b3">-α</b> (Trag.) with [[χαμεύνιον]] (Pl.), <b class="b3">-ευνίς</b> (Theoc.), <b class="b3">-ευνία</b> (Ph., Philostr.).<br />Derivatives: [[εὐναῖος]] [[belonging to the εὐνη]] (trag.), [[εὔνια]] pl. = [[εὐνή]] (App.), [[εὐνέτης]] [[layer-companion]], [[wife]] (E.), <b class="b3">-έτις</b> f. (Hp., A. R.), [[εὐνάτας]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. Med. 159, conj.), [[εὖνις]] f. (S., E.). Two denomin. [[εὐνάομαι]], [[εὐνηθῆναι]], <b class="b3">-άω</b> <b class="b2">lay down, go to bed, sleep</b> resp. [[bring to rest]] (Il.) with [[εὐνήματα]] pl. [[marriage]] (E. Ion 304; cf. Chantraine Formation 184ff.), [[εὐνήτωρ]], <b class="b3">-άτωρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ητήρ</b>, <b class="b3">-ατήρ</b> = [[εὐνέτης]] (trag.), f. [[εὐνήτειρα]], <b class="b3">-άτειρα</b>, <b class="b3">-ήτρια</b> (trag.), [[εὑνατήριον]] [[sleeping-room]] (A.). [[εὐνάζομαι]], [[εὐνασθῆναι]], [[εὐνάζω]] <b class="b2">id.</b> with <b class="b3">τὰ εὐνάσιμα</b> [[sleeping-places]] (X. Kyn. 8, 4; after [[ἱππάσιμος]] a. o., cf. Arbenz Die Adj. auf <b class="b3">-ιμος</b> 48), [[εὐναστήρ]] = [[εὐνέτης]] (Lyc.), <b class="b3">εὐνάστειρα λίθος</b> (Opp.), [[εὐναστήριον]] = [[εὐνατήριον]] (S., E.). Details of the tragedians in Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 17, Björck, Alpha impurum 139f.; also Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 227f.<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. Von Strachan in Fick 2, 48, Lidén IF 19, 320f. compare OIr. <b class="b2">(h)uam</b> [[hole]] and Av. [[unā]] f. <b class="b2">hole, slit (in the earth)</b>; further s. Bq s. v., W.-Hofmann s. [[exuō]] and 1. [[venus]]. Also Arm. [[unim]] [[have]], [[own]] remains far (rather with Meillet MSL 23, 276 to Hitt. [[epmi]] [[take]], [[seize]], Lat. [[apīscor]] etc.).