ῥέω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.22.149</span>, etc.; Ep. ῥείω <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>263</span> (dub.), <span class="bibl">D.P.1074</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>7.36 (Eryc.), but not in Hom.: impf. 3sg. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἔρρει <span class="bibl">Il.17.86</span>, <span class="bibl">Telecl.1.4</span>, but elsewhere in Hom. [[ἔρρεε]] or [[ῥέε]]: fut. ῥεύσομαι <span class="bibl">Thgn.448</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 384</span>, <span class="bibl">Crates Com.15.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pherecr.130.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Haem.</span>5</span>; also [[ῥευσοῦμαι]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>356a16</span>, <span class="bibl">361a33</span>; later [[ῥεύσω]], <span class="title">AP</span>5.124 (Bass.): aor. ἔρρευσα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>526</span>(anap.), <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span>11</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Int.</span>23</span>, <span class="bibl">Mosch.3.33</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.32 (Parmen.), <span class="bibl">Plb.5.15.7</span> (ἀπ-), <span class="bibl">Paus.5.7.4</span>, etc.:—but the Att. fut. and aor. are of pass. form, ῥῠήσομαι <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.140</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Hom.</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐρρύην [ῠ</b>] <span class="bibl">Th.3.116</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84c</span>, etc., as also in <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.138</span>; Dor. <b class="b3">ἐξ-ερρύα</b>, v. [[ἐκρέω]]; 3sg. subj. ἐ[γ]ρυᾷ <span class="title">GDI</span>3591a51 (Calymna); Ep. 3sg. ῥύη <span class="bibl">Od.3.455</span>: pf. ἐρρύηκα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Loc.Hom.</span>10</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 485d</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.5</span>; later [[ἔρρυκα]], Gal.5.398.—A pres. Med. ῥέομαι occurs also in Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.140</span> (v. infr.), <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cor.</span>3</span>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Salt.</span>71</span>, <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VS</span>1.25.9</span>, etc.; so ἐρρεῖτο <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1602</span>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VA</span>8.31</span>, etc.—This Verb does not contr. εη, εο, εω:—[[flow]], [[run]], [[stream]], [[gush]], <span class="bibl">Od.19.204</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.3.300</span>, <span class="bibl">17.86</span>, etc.: with dat. of that which flows, [<b class="b3">πηγὴ] ὕδατι ῥέει</b> the fountain [[runs with]] water, <span class="bibl">22.149</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.70</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.54.7; ῥέε δ' αἵματι γαῖα <span class="bibl">Il.8.65</span>, etc.; φάραγγες ὕδατι . . ῥέουσαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>449</span> (troch.); ῥεῖ γάλακτι πέδον ῥεῖ δ' οἴνῳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>142</span>(lyr.); <b class="b3">οἴνῳ . . ἔρρει χαράδρα</b> Telecl.l.c.(v. sub fin.); (also in Med., <b class="b3">ἱδρῶτι ῥεούμενοι</b> (metri gr. for [[ῥεόμενοι]], cf. [[μαχεούμενοι]]) Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.140</span>; φόνῳ ναῦς ἐρρεῖτο <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hel.</span>1602</span>); πόλιν χρυσῷ ῥέουσαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>995</span>: so metaph., πολλῷ ῥ. ἐπαίνῳ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>527</span>: rarely with acc. in the same sense (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>): also with gen., ἀσφάλτου <span class="bibl">Str.7.5.8</span>; πολλοῦ ὕδατος <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span> 5.9.4</span>: sts. with nom., Ζεὺς χρυσὸς ῥυείς <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.59</span>, cf. <span class="title">AP</span>5.32 (Parmen.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> the post-Hom. expression for [[a full stream]] is μέγας ῥεῖ, ῥέουσι μεγάλοι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.25</span>; μέγας ἐρρύη <span class="bibl">Id.8.138</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.2.5</span>; ῥ. οὐδὲν ἧσσον ἢ νῦν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.129</span>; also <b class="b3">πολὺς ῥεῖ</b>, metaph. of men, ῥεῖ πολὺς ὅδε λεώς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>80</span>(lyr.); Κύπρις ἢν πολλὴ ῥυῇ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>443</span> (cf. infr. <span class="bibl">2</span>); so ῥ. μου τὸ δάκρυον πολύ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>1034</span>; also <b class="b3">ἐς ἔρωτα ἅπας ῥ</b>. <span class="bibl">Ps.-Phoc.193</span>; πρὸς τὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην ὁ δῆμος ὅλος ἐρρύη <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alc.</span> 21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of a river, also <b class="b3">ῥ. ἀπὸ τηκομένης χιόνος</b> [[derive its stream]] from melted snow, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.22</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">ἄνω ῥεῖν</b> [[flow]] upwards, of inversion of the usual or right order, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>520</span>; ἄνω ποταμῶν ἐρρύησαν οἱ . . λόγοι <span class="bibl">D.19.287</span>; cf. [[ἄνω]] (B)1. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">e</span> <b class="b3">ταῦτα μὲν ῥείτω κατ' οὖρον</b> (v. [[οὖρος]] (A))<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>468</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph. of things, <b class="b3">ἐκ χειρῶν βέλεα ῥέον</b> from their hands [[rained]] darts, <span class="bibl">Il.12.159</span>; ῥεῖ μάλιστα ὁ ἀὴρ ῥέων ἐν τοῖς ὑψηλοῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>347a34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">349a34</span>; φλὸξ ῥυεῖσα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Brut.</span>31</span>; so τὴν Αἴτνην ῥυῆναι <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">Fr.</span>2</span>; esp. of a [[flow]] of words, ἀπὸ γλώσσης μέλιτος γλυκίων ῥέεν αὐδή <span class="bibl">Il.1.249</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>39.97</span>; <b class="b3">ἔπε' ἐκ στόματος ῥεῖ μείλιχα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">84</span>: abs., of the tongue, [[run glibly]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>557</span>; so θρασυνομένῳ καὶ πολλῷ ῥέοντι καθ' ὑμῶν <span class="bibl">D.18.136</span>: hence, of words or sentiments, to [[be current]], κληδόνος καλῆς μάτην ῥεούσης <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 259</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[fall]], [[drop off]], e.g. of hair, <span class="bibl">Od.10.393</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>29</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc. 2.89</span>, etc.; of ripe fruit, <span class="bibl">Plb.12.4.14</span>, <span class="title">Gp.</span>9.12; of over-ripe corn, ἤδη ῥέοντα τὸν στάχυν <span class="bibl">Babr.88.14</span>; [[wear out]], εἰ ῥέοι τὸ σῶμα καὶ ἀπολλύοιτο <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>87d</span>; of a house, <b class="b2">to be in a tumble-down condition</b>, Gorg. ap. Stob.4.51.28, <span class="bibl">Teles p.27</span> H.; <b class="b3">ῥέουσαν σύγκρισιν στῆσαι</b> to stay a [[collapse]] of the system, Herod.Med. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.5.27.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of molten objects, [[liquefy]], [[run]], ῥεῖ πᾶν ἄδηλον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>698</span>; τήκεται ὁ λίθος . . ὥστε καὶ ῥεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>383b6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Lap.</span>9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> to [[be in perpetual flux and change]], ἅπανθ' ὁρῶ ἅμα τῇ τύχῃ ῥέοντα μεταπίπτοντά τε <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>200; ὡς ἰόντων ἁπάντων ἀεὶ καὶ ῥεόντων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span> 439c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">411c</span>; κινεῖται καὶ ῥεῖ . . τὰ πάντα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>182c</span>: hence <b class="b3">οἱ ῥέοντες</b>, of the Heraclitean philosophers, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ τοῦ ὅλου στασιῶται</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">181a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> '[[run]]', of ink, etc., metaph., στιγμῆς ῥυείσης γραμμὴν φαντασιούμεθα... γραμμῆς δὲ ῥυείσης πλάτος ἐποιήσαμεν <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.99</span>; cf. ῥυίσκομαι ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> of persons, <b class="b3">ῥ. ἐπί τι</b> to [[be inclined]], [[given]] to a thing, <span class="bibl">Isoc.8.5</span>; πρός τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>485d</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ταύτῃ ῥυέντες</b> ib.<span class="bibl">495b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[leak]], of a ship, opp. <b class="b3">στεγανὸν εἶναι</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Fr.</span>554</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Paus.8.50.7</span>; <b class="b3">λύχνοι ῥέοντες</b> prob.in Roussel [[Cultes Egyptiens]] <span class="bibl">p.222</span>(Delos, ii B.C.); of a roof, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span>248</span>; [ἀγγεῖον] ῥέον Plu.2.782e; οἰνοχόαι ῥέουσαι <span class="title">Michel</span> 815.131 (Delos, iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[to have a flux]], τὰς κοιλίας τὰς ῥεούσας <span class="bibl">D.S.5.41</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> impers., ἐκ ῥινῶν ἐρρύη <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>1.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> very rarely trans., [[let flow]], [[pour]], ἔρρει χοάς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>528</span> (as [[varia lectio|v.l.]] for [[αἴρει]]):—this differs from the usage </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">ῥείτω γάλα, μέλι</b>, [[let]] the land [[run]] milk, honey, <span class="bibl">Theoc.5.124</span>,<span class="bibl">126</span>; <b class="b3">αἷμα ῥυήσεται</b>, of the Nile, <span class="bibl">Ezek.<span class="title">Exag.</span>133</span>; οἶνον ῥέων Luc.<span class="title">VH</span>1.7, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jl.</span>3(4).18</span>, Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>287</span>:—in place of this acc. the best writers commonly used the dat., v. supr. <span class="bibl">1.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> v. [[ῥέον]]. (Cf. [[ῥόϝος]], Skt. [[sravati]], Lith. [[sravēti]] 'flow': I.-E. <b class="b2">srèw-</b> alternating with <b class="b2">srǒw-</b> and <b class="b2">srǔ-</b>.) </span>