ὀξεῖα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[wood sorrel]], [[Oxalis Acetosella]], <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>27.112</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ὀξύσχοινος]], <b class="b2">great sea-rush, Juncus acutus</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">21.113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> = [[ὀξαλίς]], [[sorrel]], [[Rumex acetosa]], Gal.11.667.</span><br /><span class="bld">ὀξύς</span>, εῖα, ύ, Ion. fem. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ὀξέα <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.23</span>, al., [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.64</span>, al. (in codd. freq. [[ὀξέη]], and so <span class="bibl">Babr.73.1</span> metri gr.) : [[ὀξεῖα]], poet. for neut. pl. [[ὀξέα]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>348</span> :—[[sharp]], [[keen]], whether of a point or an edge, in Hom. and Hes. mostly of weapons or anything made of metal, ἄκων <span class="bibl">Il.10.335</span>, al.; ἄορ <span class="bibl">21.173</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>457</span>; βέλος <span class="bibl">Il.4.185</span>, etc.; also of non-metallic substances, λᾶας <span class="bibl">16.739</span>; μοχλός <span class="bibl">Od.9.382</span>; σκόλοπες <span class="bibl">Il. 12.56</span>,<span class="bibl">64</span>; <b class="b3">ὀξεῖα κορυφή</b>, of a mountain-peak, <span class="bibl">Od.12.74</span>; so πάγοι ὀξέες <span class="bibl">5.411</span>; <b class="b3">λίθος ὀξὺς πεποιημένος</b> [[sharpened]] so as to serve as a knife, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.69</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.8</span>; <b class="b3">κυρβασίας ἐς ὀξὺ ἀπηγμένας</b> brought to a [[point]], <span class="bibl">Id.7.64</span>; ὄρεα ἐς ὀ. τὰς κορυφὰς ἀ. <span class="bibl">Id.2.28</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ὀ</b>. the [[apex]] of a triangle, ib.<span class="bibl">16</span>; of the heart, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>478b5</span>; τὸ ὀ. τοῦ ᾠοῦ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>752b8</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. γωνία</b> an [[acute]] angle, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Top.</span>107a16</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Euc.1</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>12, <span class="bibl">Archim. <span class="title">Spir.</span>16</span>; Χρόνος ὀξὺς ὀδόντας <span class="bibl">Simon.176</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ὀξεῖα</b>, name of a surgical instrument, <span class="title">Hermes</span> 38.282, Heliod. ap. <span class="bibl">Orib.44.23.59</span>; but also, a [[pointed splinter]] of bone, ib.<span class="bibl">46.20.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in reference to the senses, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of feeling, [[sharp]], [[keen]], ὀδύναι <span class="bibl">Il.11.268</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. ἠέλιος</b> the [[piercing]] sun, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>374</span>; <b class="b3">ὀξειᾶν ἀκτίνων πατήρ</b>, i.e. the Sun, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>7.70</span>; Σείριος ὀξὺς ἐλλάμπων <span class="bibl">Archil.61</span>; πῦρ ὀ. <span class="bibl">Anaxipp.1.12</span>; so χιὼν ὀξεῖα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.20</span>; so also of grief and the like, ἄχος <span class="bibl">Il.19.125</span>; μελεδῶναι <span class="bibl">Od.19.517</span> : and generally, [[sharp]], [[severe]], μάχη ὀξέα . . γίνεται [[keenly contested]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.23</span>; ὀ. πυρετός <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">VM</span>16</span> (Sup.); [ἡ νόσος] ὀξεῖα φοιτᾷ καὶ ταχεῖ' ἀπέρχεται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>808</span>; [[νόσοι]], [[μανίαι]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.85</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>11.48</span> (Comp.), cf. Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span>tit., Archig. ap. Gal.9.887; πάθαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.97</span>; ἐπιμομφά <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).9</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of the sight, ὀξύτατον ὄμμα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>10.62</span>; ὄψις . . ὀξυτάτη τῶν διὰ τοῦ σώματος . . αἰσθήσεων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span> 250d</span> : freq. in neut. as Adv., <b class="b3">ὀξύτατον δέρκεσθαι</b> to be [[keenest]] of sight, <span class="bibl">Il.17.675</span>; ὀξύτατα καθορᾶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>516c</span>; so <b class="b3">ὀξὺ νοεῖν</b> notice a thing [[sharply]], <span class="bibl">Il.3.374</span>; ὀξὺ προϊδεῖν <span class="bibl">Od.5.393</span>; ὀξύτερον βλέπει <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>1048</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lys.</span>1202</span> (lyr.) : [[proverb|prov.]], ὀξύτερον τοῦ Λυγκέως βλέπειν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pl.</span>210</span>, cf. Macar.<span class="title">Prov.</span>6.41; also <b class="b3">ὀξὺ ἄκουσεν</b> heard [[with sharp ear]], <span class="bibl">Il.17.256</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>927b</span>; <b class="b3">ὀξεῖαν ἀκοὴν . . λόγοις διδούς</b> [[keen]] attention, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 30</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of things that affect the sight, [[dazzling]], [[bright]], αὐγὴ Ἠελίου <span class="bibl">Il.17.372</span>; [Ἠελίου] ὀξύτατον πέλεται φάος εἰσοράασθαι <span class="bibl">14.345</span> : hence of colours, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1173</span> (v. φοινικίς <span class="bibl">2</span>); αἱ ὀξεῖαι χροιαί <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Phgn.</span>806b4</span>; πορφύρα <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cat.Mi.</span>6</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHolm.</span>20.36</span>; [ἐσθὴς] ὀξυτέρα καὶ τηλαυγεστέρα <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>4.46</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of sound, [[shrill]], [[piercing]], ἀϋτή <span class="bibl">Il.15.313</span>; ὀξὺ βοήσας <span class="bibl">17.89</span>; ὀξὺ δὲ κωκύσασα <span class="bibl">18.71</span>; ὀξὺ λεληκώς <span class="bibl">22.141</span>; ὀξέα κεκληγώς <span class="bibl">17.88</span>, etc.; of whinnying horses, ὀξεῖα χρέμισαν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>348</span>; of young pigs, ὀξὺ κεκράγατε <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>804</span>; of the scream of birds of prey, ὀξέα κλάζων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>112</span> (anap.); of metals, ἰάχεσκε σάκος ὀξέα καὶ λιγέως <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>233</span>; also of the wail of the nightingale (cf. [[ὀξύφωνος]]), ὄρνιθος ὀ. φθόγγον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>424</span>; so <b class="b3">ἐπηλάλαξαν τὸν ὀ. νόμον</b> shrieked their [[shrill]] song, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>952</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὀξὺ μέλος</b>, of the grasshopper, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1095</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of musical tones, in a technical sense, [[high-pitched]], opp. βαρύς, φθόγγοι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>80a</span>, <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.20</span>; ὀξυτάτη χορδή <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>268d</span>; φωνὴ ὀξεῖα, βαρεῖα, μέση <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1403b29</span>; τῷ ὀξεῖ ἐν φωνῇ μὲν ἐναντίον τὸ βαρύ, ἐν ὄγκῳ δὲ τὸ ἀμβλύ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Top.</span>106a13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> in Music, <b class="b3">δι' ὀξειῶν</b> (Dor. <b class="b3">-ᾶν</b>) [[interval of a fifth]], <span class="bibl">Philol.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>920a24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">d</span> <b class="b3">ἡ ὀξεῖα</b> (sc. [[προσῳδία]]) the [[acute]] accent, <span class="bibl">D.T.630.1</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>35.10</span>, al.; <b class="b3">τὸν τόνον φυλάσσειν ὀ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">60.1</span>; ὀ. συλλαβή <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>399b</span>; ὀ. στοιχεῖον <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>1.113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of taste, [[sharp]], [[pungent]], [[acid]], φακῆ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>6.2.31</span>; ὄξος <span class="bibl">Diph.18.1</span>; οἶνος <span class="bibl">Alex. 141.12</span>; ἐξ ὀξέος καὶ ἁλμυροῦ ξυνθεὶς ζύμωμα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>74c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of smell, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">de An.</span>421a30</span>; ὀξύτατον ὄζειν τινός <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>193</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> metaph., of the inner sense, [[sharp]], [[keen]], [[hasty]], esp. [[quick to anger]], [[passionate]], [[epithet]] of Ares, <span class="bibl">Il.2.440</span>,al.; μένος ὀξύ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>8.14</span>; καρδίη ὀξυτέρη <span class="bibl">Thgn.366</span>; θυμὸς ὀ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1193</span>; νέος καὶ ὀ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>463e</span>; οἱ ἀκρόχολοι ὀξεῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1126a18</span> : so in <b class="b3">ὀξύ-θυμος, -κάρδιος, -χολος</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[sharp]], [[quick]], δεινοὶ καὶ ὀξεῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>39b</span> : c. inf., ἐπινοῆσαι ὀ. <span class="bibl">Th.1.70</span>; γνῶναι . . ὀξύτατοι τὰ ῥηθέντα <span class="bibl">D.3.15</span>; also εἰς πάντα τὰ μαθήματα ὀξεῖς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>526b</span>; τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις ὀξύς <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Salt.</span> 81</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> of motion, [[quick]], [[swift]], post-Hom., ὀξυτάτους ἵππους <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.9</span> (v.l. [[ὠκυτάτους]]); ἱερακίσκος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1112</span>; ὀξυτέρῳ χαλινῷ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 108</span> (lyr.); of a report, ὀξεῖα βάξις διῆλθ' Ἀχαιούς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>998</span>; <b class="b3">ὀξεῖαν ἐκβάλλει ῥοήν</b>, of a dying man, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1238</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1389</span>; of a flame, [[fierce]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>5.9.3</span>; ᾄξας ὀξὺς νότος ὥς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>258</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">τὸ εὔψυχον . . ὀξεῖς ἐνδείκνυνται</b> are [[quick]] in displaying, <span class="bibl">Th.4.126</span>; opp. [[βραδύς]], <span class="bibl">Id.8.96</span>; opp. [[ῥάθυμος]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1240a2</span>; opp. [[ἡσύχιος]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1116a9</span>; ὀ. παράγγελμα <span class="bibl">Onos.10.2</span>; <b class="b3">ὀ. καιρός</b> an [[urgent]] crisis, <span class="bibl">Id.6.1</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ὁ ὀ. δρόμος</b> the [[express]] post, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>900.7</span> (iv A. D.), <span class="bibl">2115.6</span> (iv A. D.); ὀξεῖς οἱ πόδες αὐτῶν ἐκχέαι αἷμα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>3.15</span> : esp. in Adv. (v. infr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> regul. Adv. [[ὀξέως]] [[quickly]], [[soon]], [[βοηθεῖν]], [[μεταχειρίσαι]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.10</span>,<span class="bibl">12</span>, etc.; [[sharply]], [[ὁρᾶν]], [[αἰσθάνεσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>567b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phdr.</span> 263c</span>; poet. ὀξείως <span class="title">Epigr.Gr.</span>986.3 (Philae) : Comp. ὀξυτέρως <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Epid.</span>3.17</span>.<b class="b3">β'</b>; <b class="b3">ὀξυτέρως ἀποθῄνσκειν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.2</span>; but, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> neut. [[ὀξύ]] and pl. [[ὀξέα]] as Adv., v. supr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>,<span class="bibl">3</span> : Comp. ὀξύτερον <span class="bibl">Th.2.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 190a</span> : Sup. ὀξύτατον <span class="bibl">Il.17.675</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>741d</span>; or ὀξύτατα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>401e</span>, al. (Cf. [[ὀξίνα]], [[ὄκρις]].) </span>