λεία: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), ἡ, (λεῖος) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[tool for smoothing stone]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>531</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> v.[[λαιαί]].</span><br /><span class="bld">λεία</span> (B), Ion. ληΐη, Dor. λᾴα (<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).44</span>), ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[booty]], [[plunder]], freq. in Hdt. (v. infr.), etc. (Hom. and Hes. always use [[ληΐς]]); esp. of cattle, opp. [[ἄνθρωποι]], Pi.l.c., <span class="bibl">Th.2.94</span> (v. infr. <span class="bibl">4</span>); λείας ἀπαρχὴν βοῦς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>761</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>54</span>, <span class="bibl">145</span> (anap.): pl., <b class="b3">ἐφθαρμένας εὑρίσκομεν λείας ἁπάσας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">26</span>; rarely of persons, ἀγόμεθα λεία <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>614</span>; [[prey]] of hunters, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>326</span>: generally, [[booty]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.3</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">1.3.2</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς λοιποὺς ληΐην θέσθαι</b> give them up [[as plunder]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.202</span>; <b class="b3">λείαν ποιεῖσθαι τὴν χώραν</b>, = [[λεηλατεῖν τὴν χώραν]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.41</span>; λείαν ἄγειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.1</span>; ἐπὶ λείαν ἐκπορεύσονται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>5.1.8</span>, etc.; κατὰ ληΐην ἐκπλῶσαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.152</span>: pl., διεσκεδασμένοι κατὰ τὰς ἰδίας λείας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>1.2.5</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], <b class="b3">Μυσῶν λεία</b>, of anything that may be plundered with impunity, <span class="bibl">Stratt.35</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.72</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1372b33</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[plunder]] (as an act), ζῶσι ἀπὸ ληΐης καὶ πολέμου <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.103</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[stolen property]], τὴν λ. ἀποδοῦναι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>145.16</span> (iii B.C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>4.438.10</span>-<span class="bibl">13</span> (iii B.C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[flocks and herds]], [[cattle]], ἀπογραφὴ λείας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.33.2</span> (iii B.C.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PPetr.</span>3p.279</span> (iii B.C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1012</span> (ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">D.S.19.21</span>, <span class="bibl">97</span>; ἀτέλεια τῆς λ. <span class="title">OGI</span>748.9 (Cyzic., iii B.C.). (Lit. [[the people's property]], cf. Lat. [[populari]] 'plunder'.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">spoils, esp. of plundered cattle, of war, of hunting</b>, also [[cattle]], [[herd]] (cf. Edgerton AmJPh 46, 177f.).<br />Other forms: (Att.), Ion. [[ληΐη]], Dor. (Pi. O. 10, 44) [[λᾳα]] f.; besides [[ληΐς]] (Dor. [[λαΐς]]), <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> f. (Il.)<br />Compounds: Compp., e. g. <b class="b3">λε-ηλατέω</b> <b class="b2">drive away loot, esp. cattle</b> (Hdt., S., E., X.; after <b class="b3">βο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἱππ-ηλατέω</b> etc. from <b class="b3">βο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἱππ-ηλά-της</b>) with <b class="b3">λεηλασ-ία</b>, <b class="b3">-ίη</b> (X., A. R.), <b class="b3">-άτησις</b> (Aen. Tact.); <b class="b3">ἀγε-λείη</b> f. surn. of Athena [[who drives on loot]], [[provides]] (Il.).<br />Derivatives: [[ληϊάς]] f. [[the seized]], [[captured]] (Υ 193, A. R.); <b class="b3">ληϊ̃τις</b> f. [[ἀγελείη]]' (K 460; after the nom. in <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b>), [[ληϊάς]]' (A. R., Lyc.); [[ληΐδιος]] [[belonging to the loot]], [[captured]] (AP, APl.). Denominat. verb [[ληΐζομαι]], [[λεΐζομαι]] [[make spoils]], [[plunder]] (Il.) with several nouns: 1. [[ληϊστός]], [[λεϊστός]] to [[be caried off as booty]] (I 406, 408; Ammann <b class="b3">Μνήμης χάριν</b> 1, 14); 2. [[ληϊστύς]] f. [[making booty]], [[plundering]] `(Hdt. 5, 6; Porzig Satzinhalte 182); 3. <b class="b3">*ληισμός</b> in <b class="b3">λῃ(ι)σμαδία αἰχμάλωτος</b>, [[λεληισμένη]] H. - 4. [[ληϊστήρ]], [[λῃστήρ]] m. [[plunderer]], [[pirate]], f. [[λῄστειρα]] (Ael.), [[λῃστρίς]] (D., Herod.), with [[λῃστρικός]] [[plundering]] (IA.; cf. <b class="b3">λῃστ-ικός</b> below), <b class="b3">λῃστή-ριον</b>, Dor. <b class="b3">λᾳσ-</b> <b class="b2">gang of robbers, ...nest, robbery</b> (Att., Cret.), [[λᾳστήριοι]] pl. [[pirate]] (hell. poetry); 5. [[ληΐστωρ]], <b class="b3">λῄσ-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (ο 427); 6. [[ληϊστής]], <b class="b3">λῃσ-</b>, <b class="b3">λᾳσ-</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (IA.) with [[λῃστικός]] (often interchanged with [[λῃστρικός]]), [[λῃστεύω]] [[rob]], [[plunder]] with [[λῃστεία]] [[robbery]] (Att.). Attempt to distinguish [[ληΐστωρ]] from [[ληϊστήρ]], [[λῃστεία]] from [[ληϊστύς]] semantically by Benveniste Noms d'agent 30, 37, 69.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [655] <b class="b2">*leh₂u-</b> [[plunder]]<br />Etymology: The abstract [[λεία]], [[ληΐη]] from <b class="b3">*λαϜ-ία</b> and the <b class="b3">ιδ-</b>derivation [[ληΐς]] from <b class="b3">*λαϜ-ίδ-</b> which stands beside it (not with Bechtel Lex. 215 after Fraenkel old <b class="b2">ī-</b>stem because of <b class="b3">ληϊ̃τις</b>, s. v.) can go back either on a noun <b class="b3">*λαϜ</b>(<b class="b3">-ο</b>)- v. t. or directly on a verb, which with zero-grade is supposed in <b class="b3">ἀπο-λαύω</b>; s. v., and Pok. 655. S. further [[λαρός]] and [[λήϊον]].<br />See also: S. noch [[λαρός]] und [[λήϊον]].