στύφω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>14</span>, etc.: aor. inf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> στύψαι Hsch.:—Pass. (v.infr.):—[[contract]], [[draw together]], <b class="b3">τὴν κοιλίην</b> [[στύφεσθαι]] [[becomes costive]], Hp.Aër.7; στῦψαι πλάδον <span class="bibl">Aret.<span class="title">CA</span>1.1</span>; esp. of an astringent taste, <b class="b3">χείλεα στυφθείς</b> [[having]] his lips [[drawn up]] by the taste, <span class="title">AP</span>9.375; <b class="b3">δέρμα ἐστυμμένον</b>, i.e. made watertight, Gal.12.846; [[mix with]] [[στυπτηρία]], <span class="title">PMag.Leid.V.</span>6.18; aor. 2 part. Pass. [[στυφέντα]] in this last sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHolm.</span>24.13</span> ([[στυφόεντα]] cj. Lagercrantz): metaph. of sounds, <b class="b3">φωναὶ στύφουσαι τὴν ἀκοήν</b>, opp. [[διαχέουσαι]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in dyeing, [[treat]] fabrics, etc., [[with a mordant]], Lysis ap.<span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">VP</span>17.76</span>; <b class="b3">στῦψον τῇ ἰσάτι</b> [[prepare]] it [[by a preliminary dyeing]] with woad, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHolm.</span>21.42</span>; <b class="b3">στύφει [τὴν ἄγχουσαν</b>] [[fixes]] alkanet, ib.<span class="bibl">15.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> intr. in Act., <b class="b3">στύφει κατ' ὀλίγον τὸ οὖρον</b> gradually [[diminishes]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> intr., to [[be astringent]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>863b17</span>, Philonid. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.15.675e</span>, Dsc.1.116,118, <span class="bibl">Sor. 1.81</span>, Gal.6.68, Hices. ap. <span class="bibl">Ath.7.321a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., to [[be harsh]], [[austere]], [[gloomy]], <span class="bibl">Them.<span class="title">Or.</span>27.339a</span>, cf. Hsch. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[στύψαι. [ῡ]], <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Al.</span> 278</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">375</span> (ἐν-) <b class="b3">; ῠ</b> to be assumed in [[στυφέντα]] (s.v.l.).]</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">to astringe, to have an astringent effect, esp. of taste, to thicken, to obstruct, to treat with a corrosive</b> (Hp., Arist., hell. a. late).<br />Other forms: Aor. [[στῦψαι]] ([[ἀναστῦψαι]] S. Fr. 421), pass. [[στυφθῆναι]], perf. midd. [[ἔστυμμαι]].<br />Dialectal forms: Myc. [[turupterija]]? (sc. [[γῆ]])<br />Compounds: Also w. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπο-</b> a.o.<br />Derivatives: 1. [[στῦψις]] (<b class="b3">ἐπί-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπό-</b>) f. [[astringence]], [[thickening]], [[corrosion]] (Hp., Arist., Thphr. etc.). 2. [[στῦμμα]] ([[στύμμα]]?) n. [[astringent]] (medic.). 3. [[στυπτηρία]], Ion. <b class="b3">-ίη</b>, f. des. of contracting minerals. <b class="b2">alum (-stone), vitriol</b> (Hdt., Hp., Arist. etc.), also 'alum-monopoly' (pap.), with <b class="b3">-ήριος</b> [[treated with alum]] (PHolm.), <b class="b3">-ηριώδης</b> [[containing alum]] (Hp., Arist. a.o.), <b class="b3">-ηριακὸν δέρμα</b> = [[aluta]], <b class="b3">-ηρίζουσα</b> = [[aqua qua alumen lavatur]] (gloss.); also <b class="b3">-ηρά</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (PHolm.), prob. after the adj. in <b class="b3">-ηρός</b>, e.g. [[ταριχηρός]] (s. Mayser Pap. 1 : 3, 96); cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 119. 4. [[στυπτικός]] [[astringent]] (Diocl. Fr., Hp., Thphr. a.o.). 5. [[στυφός]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Vett. Val., Gp.), with <b class="b3">-ότης</b> f. [[density]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> [[astringent]], [[bitter]] (Cat. Cod. Astr.). 6. Prob. also [[στύφλος]] (s. v. s. [[στυφελίζω]]) and [[στυμνός]] ( : [[στύμμα]]; cf. [[ἐρυμνός]]) adjunct of [[στυπτηρία]] (PHolm.) = [[σκληρός]], [[αὑστηρός]] (Hdn. Gr., H.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Without convincing explanation. The formal similarity with [[στύω]] (s. v.) is obvious (cf. [[θύω]] : <b class="b3">τύ-φω</b>). Also a semantic connection can be construed if one wants ('stiff, be solid, get more solid, draw together'), but does not become very convincing. (The same is true of the connection with [[στύππη]], [[στύππεῖον]] (s. v.), which is Pre-Greek.) Cf. also [[στρυφνός]]. -- Further, partly deviating combinations in WP. 2, 620 and Pok. 1035.