τέρπω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Od.1.347</span>, etc.; Ep. subj. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> τέρπῃσι <span class="bibl">17.385</span>: Ion. impf. τέρπεσκον <span class="bibl">Q.S.7.378</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>9.136 (Cyrus): fut. τέρψω <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1246</span>, etc.: aor. ἔτερψα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Pan.</span>47</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>433</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>658b</span>:—the Pass. and Med. have a fivefold aor., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> ἐτέρφθην <span class="bibl">Od.5.74</span>, <span class="bibl">8.131</span>, <span class="bibl">17.174</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1140</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 541</span> (troch.); rare in Prose, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Ep. ἐτάρφθην, τάρφθην, <span class="bibl">Od.6.99</span>, <span class="bibl">19.213</span>,<span class="bibl">251</span>, <span class="bibl">21.57</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Ep. ἐτάρπην, τάρπην, <span class="bibl">23.300</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.11.780</span>, al.; inf. ταρπῆναι <span class="bibl">Od.23.212</span>, and ταρπήμεναι ib.<span class="bibl">346</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.24.3</span>; subj. [[τρᾰπείω]], Ep. 1pl. τρᾰπείομεν (v. infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> Ep. also ἐταρπόμην, only in 1pl. subj. ταρπώμεθα <span class="bibl">Od.4.295</span>, al.; also redupl. through all moods, τετάρπετο <span class="bibl">Il.19.19</span>, <span class="bibl">24.513</span>; τεταρπώμεσθα <span class="bibl">Od.11.212</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.23.10</span>,<span class="bibl">98</span>; τεταρπόμενος <span class="bibl">Od. 1.310</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> aor. 1 [[ἐτερψάμην]], in Ep. subj. τέρψομαι <span class="bibl">16.26</span> (but [[τέρψομαι]] is fut. Med. in <span class="bibl">Il.20.23</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>677</span>); opt. τέρψαιτο <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span> 153</span>; part. τερψάμενος <span class="bibl">Od.12.188</span>:—[[delight]], [[gladden]], [[cheer]], ὅ κεν τέρπῃσιν ἀείδων <span class="bibl">17.385</span>; τῇ [φόρμιγγι] ὅ γε θυμὸν ἔτερπεν <span class="bibl">Il.9.189</span>, al.; πεσσοῖσι . . θυμὸν ἔτερπον <span class="bibl">Od.1.107</span>; καὶ τὸν ἔτερπε λόγοις <span class="bibl">Il. 15.393</span>; τοὐμὸν . . τ. κέαρ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1246</span>; <b class="b3">θοίνῃ σε τ</b>. <span class="bibl">Achae.17</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀγγελίη . . ἔτερψε [αὐτούς</b>] <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.99</span>; sometimes in Att. Prose, <b class="b3">ἔπεσι . . τὸ αὐτίκα τέρψει</b> [[will]] [[give]] [[momentary]] [[pleasure]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.41</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 658b</span>, <span class="bibl">658e</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τ. τὴν ἀκοήν, τὰς ἀκοάς</b>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>5.26</span>,<span class="bibl">28</span>; <b class="b3">ἧλιξ τέρπει τὸν ἥλικα</b>, [[proverb|prov.]] in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>240c</span>, etc.: abs., [[give delight]], <span class="bibl">Od.1.347</span>, <span class="bibl">8.45</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>475</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ τέρποντα</b> [[delight]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1217</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ῥήματα τέρψαντά τι</b> ib. <span class="bibl">1281</span>; οἱ τέρποντες λόγῳ ῥήτορες <span class="bibl">Th.3.40</span>; τὰ τέρψοντα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>9.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> more freq. in Pass. and Med., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> in Ep. the aor. Pass. is used, c. gen. rei, [[have full enjoyment of]], [[enjoy to one's heart's content]], ἐπεὶ τάρπημεν ἐδητύος ἠδὲ ποτῆτος <span class="bibl">Il.11.780</span>; ἐπεὶ τάρπησαν ἐδωδῆς <span class="bibl">Od.3.70</span>; σίτου τάρφθεν <span class="bibl">6.99</span>; τεταρπόμενοι φίλον ἦτορ σίτου καὶ οἴνοιο <span class="bibl">Il.9.705</span>; <b class="b3">ὕπνου, εὐνῆς ταρπήμεναι</b>, <span class="bibl">24.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.23.346</span>; <b class="b3">φιλότητος ἐταρπήτην</b> ib.<span class="bibl">300</span>; <b class="b3">ἥβης ταρπῆναι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">212</span>: metaph., [[take one's fill]] of [[lamentation]], τεταρπώμεσθα γόοιο <span class="bibl">Il.23.10</span>,<span class="bibl">98</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 11.212</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">19.213</span>, <span class="bibl">21.57</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[enjoy]] or [[delight oneself]], c. dat. instr., φρένα τ. φόρμιγγι <span class="bibl">Il.9.186</span>; μύθοισι <span class="bibl">Od.23.301</span>; δαιτί <span class="bibl">1.26</span>; γόῳ φρένα <span class="bibl">4.102</span>; δίσκοισιν <span class="bibl">Il.2.774</span>; ἐν θαλίῃς <span class="bibl">Od.11.603</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>115</span>; [[φιλότητι]] (or <b class="b3">ἐν φιλότητι</b>) τραπείομεν εὐνηθέντε <span class="bibl">Il.3.441</span>, <span class="bibl">14.314</span> (whereas in the phrase <b class="b3">λέκτρονδε τραπείομεν εὐνηθέντες</b> (v.l. -θέντε), <span class="bibl">Od.8.292</span>, the form [[τραπείομεν]] seems to be taken by the poet as belonging to [[τρέπω]], though others retain the usu. sense by connecting [[λέκτρονδε]] with [[εὐνηθέντες]] or by punctuating after [[λέκτρονδε]]); so in Trag., λαμπάδι τερπόμεναι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>1042</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1140</span>, etc.; [[delight in]], τῇ τῶν πυραμίδων μεγαλειότητι <span class="title">OGI</span>666.26 (Egypt, i A.D.); τοῖς εὐώδεσι <span class="bibl">Sor. 2.29</span>; ἐπί τισι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>194</span>: c. part., λόγοις . . οἷς σὺ μὴ τέρψῃ κλύων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>691</span>; τέρπεται τιμώμενος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>321</span>; <b class="b3">τί ἂν . . ἀκούσας τερφθείης</b>; <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.24</span>: abs., <b class="b3">πῖνε καὶ τέρπευ</b> [[drink]] and [[be merry]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.78</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> with internal acc., <b class="b3">οἴην μοῖραν δέκα μοιρέων τέρπεται ἀνήρ</b> [[has]] only one [[tenth]] [[part]] of the [[enjoyment]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Fr.</span>162</span>; κενὴν ἐτερπόμην . . τέρψιν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>577</span>; τέρπου κενὴν ὄνησιν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1043</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> freq. with words which limit its sense, θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.19.313</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.16.26</span>; θυμόν <span class="bibl">Il.21.45</span>; κατὰ θυμόν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>58</span>,<span class="bibl">358</span>; φρένα <span class="bibl">Il.1.474</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.102</span>, etc.; φρεσὶν ᾗσι τετάρπετο <span class="bibl">Il.19.19</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.5.74</span>; ἐνὶ φρεσίν <span class="bibl">8.368</span>; τεταρπόμενος φίλον κῆρ <span class="bibl">1.310</span>; ἀπάταισι θυμὸν τέρπεται <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.74</span>. (Cf. Skt. trpnoti '[[take one's fill]]', Causative tarpáyati '[[delight]] (trans.)', Opruss. <b class="b2">ka enterpo . .</b>? 'what is the use of . .?', Goth. paurfts, OE. pearf '[[benefit]]', Goth. parf 'I need'.)</span>