κόλυμβος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[small diver]], [[Podiceps minor]] (Ar.; Thompson Birds 158), also backformation of [[κολυμβάω]], s. v.<br />Other forms: Note [[κολυμφάω]] (EM 526, 2). In the same meaning [[κολυμβίς]] f. (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">-άς</b> f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ath.), but usu. of olives pickled in brine (Diph. Siph., pap.); [[κολύμβαινα]] = [[κολύβδαινα]] (Archig. ap. Gal.), [[κολύμβατος]] name of a plant (Gp.), motive unknown, cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 113 and [[κολυμβάς]] as name of the ostrich ([[στοιβή]]) in Gal.<br />Derivatives: Denomin. verb [[κολυμβάω]], often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b2">dive (under), jump into the water, swim</b> (Att., hell.) with [[κολυμβήθρα]] [[bathing place]], [[pool]], [[cistern]] (Pl.), [[κολύμβησις]] [[diving]] = [[pearl-fishery]] (Peripl. M. Rubr.), as backformation [[κόλυμβος]] = [[κολύμβησις]] (Str., Paus., Plu.) and <b class="b3">-ήθρα</b> (Hero); [[κολυμβητήρ]] (A.) and <b class="b3">-ητής</b> (Th., Pl.) [[diver]] (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 14 a. 17f.) with [[κολυμβητική]] ([[τέχνη]]) [[art of diving]] (Pl.); also [[κολυμβιστής]] (sch.); [[κολυμβιτεύω]] (= <b class="b3">-ητεύω</b>?) [[throw into the water]] (Pap.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Uncertain. Against equation with Lat. [[columba]] [[dove]] rightly W.-Hofmann s. v.; a common IE. <b class="b2">*kolu-mb(h)-</b> (<b class="b2">-nb(h)-</b>) is of course a phonetic nonentity. S. Pok. 547f., W.-Hofmann s. [[columba]]. Apart from the suffix <b class="b3">-υμβ-</b> the vatiant [[κολυμφάω]] shows a Pre-Greek word. The variation [[μβ]] \/ [[βδ]] can be most easily explained from a palatalized [[b]] ([[by]]), of which the palatal feature was lost after pernasalization, giving [[μβ]] (cf. Fur. 307 n. 117, but [[μόλυβδος]] \/ [[plumbum]] must now be given up, s.v.).