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ποταμός: Difference between revisions
From LSJ
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|Transliteration C=potamos | |Transliteration C=potamos | ||
|Beta Code=potamo/s | |Beta Code=potamo/s | ||
|Definition=ὁ, < | |Definition=ὁ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[river]], [[stream]], Ὠκεανοῖο ἐξ οὗ περ πάντες π. Il.21.196; ποταμὸς [[ἁλιμυρήεις]], [[ἀργυροδίνης]], [[βαθυδίνης]], [[βαθύρροος]], [[δεινός]], [[διιπετής]], [[δινήεις]], [[ἐΰρροος]], [[ἐρίδουπος]], εὐρὺ [[ῥέων]], [[θεῖος]], [[ἱερός]], [[ἴφθιμος]], [[καλλίροος]], [[κελάδων]], [[λάβρος]], [[πλήθων]], [[χειμάρροος]], [[ὠκύροος]], Od.5.460, Il.21.8, 212, 8, 25, 17.263, Od.11.242, Il.21.130, Od.10.515 (pl.), Il.21.304, Od.11.238, 10.351 (pl.), Il.17.749 (pl.), Od.5.441, Il.18.576, 21.270, 5.87, 87, 598; νυκτὸς ποταμός, of the [[river]]s of [[hell]], Pi.Fr.130.9: [[proverb|prov.]], [[ἄνω ποταμῶν]], of [[extraordinary]] [[event]]s, A.Fr.335, etc. (in full, ἄνω ποταμῶν ἱερῶν χωροῦσι παγαί = the springs of sacred rivers flow upward E.Med.410 (lyr.)); [[ποταμῷ γὰρ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐμβῆναι δὶς τῷ αὐτῷ]] = it is impossible to step twice in the same river / you cannot step twice into the same rivers. Heraclit. 91; π. θαλάσσῃ ἐρίζεις, of [[unequal]] [[combat]]s, Suid., etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[river]]s of [[fire]] or [[lava]], Pi.P.1.22, A.Pr.370: Com., ζωμοῦ π. κρέα θερμὰ κυλίνδων Telecl.1.8, cf. Pherecr.108.3; also ποταμὸς πραγμάτων Porph. Marc.5.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[artificial]] [[stream]], [[canal]], Str.16.1.10, Arr.An.7.21.1; οἱ ὀρυχθέντες π. OGI54.23 (Adule, iii B. C.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> personified, [[rivergod]], Il.20.7, 73, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> name of the [[constellation]] [[Eridanus]], Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.20, Arat.358, etc. | ||
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{{elnl | {{elnl | ||
|elnltext= | |elnltext=ποταμός -οῦ, ὁ [~ πετάννυμι?, πίπτω?] rivier; overdr.. ποταμοὶ πυρός vuurstromen Aeschl. PV 368. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[river]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ποταμο-φύλαξ</b> m. [[river-guard]] (pap.), <b class="b3">καλλι-πόταμος</b> [[with fair rivers]] (E. in lyr.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Demin. <b class="b3">ποτάμ-ιον</b> n. (com., Str.), <b class="b3">-ίσκος</b> m. (Str.). Further subst. 2. <b class="b3">ποταμ-εύς</b> m. designation of the Eastwind in Tripolis (Arist.), 3. <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> m. [[river-worker]] (pap.; Redard 36). Adj. 4. <b class="b3">-ιος</b> [[belonging to the river]] (Pi., Hdt., trag. etc.), <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist. [v. l. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>, Ruf.); <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> (Nonn.), f. <b class="b3">-ηΐς</b> (A. R., Nic.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, both metr. condit. -- 5 <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> [[river-like]] (Eun.); 6. <b class="b3">-ηνή</b> f. <b class="b2">adjunct of Μήτηρ, river-goddess</b> (inscr. Pisidia; cf. Schwyzer 490 w. lit.). 7. Adv. <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> [[like a river]], [[in streams]] (Luc., Aret.); 8. Verb <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> [[to form a river]] (Aq.). -- 9. nickname [[Ποτάμιλλα]] m. (Sophr.; Schwyzer 561 w. lit.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Formation like [[οὑλαμός]], [[πλόκαμος]] a. o. -- Perh. with L. Meyer, Prellwitz, Bq s. v. to [[πίπτω]], [[ἔπετον]] [[fall]]; so prop. "torrent, torrent" referring to a river flowing sweeping (away) in a mountainous area; note the adjunct [[διιπετής]] (Π 174, δ 477) which is difficult however. Thus Persson Beitr. 2, 654. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 265 u. 27, 248f., Runes IF 50, 265, Havers Sprache 4, 24, WP. 2, 219, Pok. 825, W.-Hofmann s. [[petō]]. -- Diff. Fick 1, 473 (asking) and Wackernagel Syntax 2, 30f.: to [[πετάννυμι]], [[πέτασμα]] as "expansion" and identical with Germ., e.g. OS [[fathmos]], OE [[fæðm]] <b class="b2">extension (of the arms), embrace, fathem</b> (OE <b class="b2">flôdes fæðm</b>). Thus esp. Specht KZ 63, 132, also Risch $ 19b (with reserve), Schwyzer 493 n. 11. -- To be rejected Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 502 f. (for <b class="b3">*τοπαμός</b> to Lith. <b class="b2"> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[river]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">ποταμο-φύλαξ</b> m. [[river-guard]] (pap.), <b class="b3">καλλι-πόταμος</b> [[with fair rivers]] (E. in lyr.).<br />Derivatives: 1. Demin. <b class="b3">ποτάμ-ιον</b> n. (com., Str.), <b class="b3">-ίσκος</b> m. (Str.). Further subst. 2. <b class="b3">ποταμ-εύς</b> m. designation of the Eastwind in Tripolis (Arist.), 3. <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> m. [[river-worker]] (pap.; Redard 36). Adj. 4. <b class="b3">-ιος</b> [[belonging to the river]] (Pi., Hdt., trag. etc.), <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Arist. [v. l. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>, Ruf.); <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> (Nonn.), f. <b class="b3">-ηΐς</b> (A. R., Nic.) <b class="b2">id.</b>, both metr. condit. -- 5 <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> [[river-like]] (Eun.); 6. <b class="b3">-ηνή</b> f. <b class="b2">adjunct of Μήτηρ, river-goddess</b> (inscr. Pisidia; cf. Schwyzer 490 w. lit.). 7. Adv. <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> [[like a river]], [[in streams]] (Luc., Aret.); 8. Verb <b class="b3">-όομαι</b> [[to form a river]] (Aq.). -- 9. nickname [[Ποτάμιλλα]] m. (Sophr.; Schwyzer 561 w. lit.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Formation like [[οὑλαμός]], [[πλόκαμος]] a. o. -- Perh. with L. Meyer, Prellwitz, Bq s. v. to [[πίπτω]], [[ἔπετον]] [[fall]]; so prop. "torrent, torrent" referring to a river flowing sweeping (away) in a mountainous area; note the adjunct [[διιπετής]] (Π 174, δ 477) which is difficult however. Thus Persson Beitr. 2, 654. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 265 u. 27, 248f., Runes IF 50, 265, Havers Sprache 4, 24, WP. 2, 219, Pok. 825, W.-Hofmann s. [[petō]]. -- Diff. Fick 1, 473 (asking) and Wackernagel Syntax 2, 30f.: to [[πετάννυμι]], [[πέτασμα]] as "expansion" and identical with Germ., e.g. OS [[fathmos]], OE [[fæðm]] <b class="b2">extension (of the arms), embrace, fathem</b> (OE <b class="b2">flôdes fæðm</b>). Thus esp. Specht KZ 63, 132, also Risch $ 19b (with reserve), Schwyzer 493 n. 11. -- To be rejected Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 502 f. (for <b class="b3">*τοπαμός</b> to Lith. <b class="b2">tekù</b> [[run]] etc.). - The etymology is uncertain. - The word could also be Pre-Greek. | ||
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|woodrun=[[river]] | |woodrun=[[river]] | ||
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==Translations== | |||
Abenaki: sibo; Abkhaz: аʒиас; Acehnese: krueng, alu; Achuar: entza; Achumawi: ajúmmá; Adyghe: псыхъо; Afrikaans: rivier; Ahtna:'ena'; Ainu: ペッ; Akkadian: 𒀀𒇉; Aklanon: suba'; Albanian: lumi; Amharic: ወንዝ; Andi: гӏадор; Arabela: moo; Arabic: نَهْر, أَنْهَار, أَنْهُر; Egyptian Arabic: نهر; Hijazi Arabic: نهر; Aragonese: río; Aramaic Classical Syriac: ܢܗܪܐ; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: נַהֲרָא; Armenian: գետ; Aromanian: arãu; Assamese: নৈ, নদী, গাং; Asturian: ríu; Atayal: llyung; Avar: гӏор; Aymara: jawira; Azerbaijani: çay, irmaq; Baba Malay: sunge; Bahnar: krong; Bakung: cungai, sungi; Baluchi: کور, کھور; Bashkir: йылға; Basque: ibai; Bau Bidayuh: sungi, grongung; Belarusian: рака́), рэ́чка; Bengali: নদী; Bikol Central: salog; Berber Tashelhit: asif; Breton: stêr, aven, avon; Brunei Malay: sungai; Bulgarian: река́; Burmese: မြစ်; Buryat: гол, мүрэн; Car Nicobarese: ta-hël; Catalan: riu; Catawba: iswa; Cebuano: suba; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵙⵉⴼ, ⵉⵖⵣⵔ; Central Dusun: bawang; Central Melanau: bengayi, sungai; Chakma: 𑄉𑄧𑄋; Chamicuro: maneli; Chechen: хи; Chepang: मातीः; Cherokee: ᎤᏪᏴ, ᎠᎹᏱ, ᎡᏉᏂ ᎨᏴᎢ; Chichewa: mtsinje; Chinese Cantonese: 河, 江, 河流; Dungan: хә, җён; Gan: 江; Literary Chinese: 川; 水; 河; 江; 江河; Mandarin: 河; 河流; 江; 江河; 水流; 川; 河川; Min Dong: 河; Wu: 江, 河; Xiang: 江, 河; Chuvash: юханшыв; Classical Nahuatl: ātōyātl; Comanche: pia hunuubi; Coptic: ⲉⲓⲟⲟⲣ, ⲓⲟⲣ; Corsican: fiume; Cree: sîpîy, sîpiy, sīpiy; Creek: hvcce; Czech: řeka; Dalmatian: floim; Danish: flod, å; Dhivehi: ކޯރު sg; Dogrib: deh; Drung: wang, dong; Dutch: rivier, stroom; Dzongkha: གཙང་ཆུ; Eastern Bontoc: wangwang; Eastern Cham: ꨯꨴꨆ; Efik: akpa; Elfdalian: å, wassl; Erzya: лей; Esperanto: rivero; Estonian: jõgi; Even: ока̄т; Evenki: бира; Ewe: etɔ; Extremaduran: ríu; Faroese: á; Finnish: joki; French: fleuve; rivière; Old French: flueve; Friulian: flum; Gagauz: derä; Galician: río; Georgian: მდინარე; German: Fluss, Strom; Gorontalo: dutula; Greek: ποτάμι, ποταμός; Ancient Greek: ποταμός; Greenlandic: kuuk; Guaraní: ysyry; Gujarati: નદી; Haitian Creole: rivyè; Halkomelem: stó:lō; Hausa: kogi; Hawaiian: kahawai, muliwai; Hebrew: נָהָר; Higaonon: suba, wahig; Hiligaynon: suba; Hindi: नदी, दरिया, नद, नहर; Hungarian: folyó, folyam; Hunsrik: Fluss, Rio; Iban: sungai; Icelandic: fljót, á, elfur; Ido: rivero; Igbo: uji; Ilocano: karayan; Inari Sami: juuhâ; Indonesian: sungai; Ingrian: joki; Interlingua: fluvio; Inuktitut: ᑰᒃ; Inupiaq: kuuk; Irish: abhainn; Old Irish: aub; Istriot: fioûme; Italian: fiume, rivo; Iu Mien: ndaaih; Japanese: 川; Javanese: kali, lèpèn; Jurchen: bira; Kabardian: псыхъо; Kabiyé: pɔɔ; Kalmyk: һол, мөрн; Kannada: ನದಿ; Kapampangan: ilug; Karachay-Balkar: черек, суу; Karelian: jogi; Kashmiri: नदी; Kashubian: rzéka; Kazakh: өзен; Khakas: суғ, ағын; Khasi: wah; Khmer: ទន្លេ; Klamath-Modoc: ɢoɢe; Komi-Permyak: ва; Komi-Zyrian: ю; Kongo: mubu; Korean: 강(江), 수(水), 가람; Koryak: вʼэем; Kumyk: оьзен; Kurdish Northern Kurdish: çem, robar; Kyrgyz: өзөн, суу, дарыя, дайра; Laboya: laiwe; Ladin: ruf; Ladino: rio; Lao: ແມ່ນ້ຳ; Latgalian: upe; Latin: flūmen, fluvius, amnis, rīpāria; Latvian: upe; Ligurian: sciùmme; Limburgish: reveer, vlód; Lingala: ebale Lithuanian: upė; Livonian: jog, joug; Livvi: jogi; Lolopo: vizzarmo, lazzarmo; Lubuagan Kalinga: chewwang; Luganda: omugga; Luhya: eluchi; Luxembourgish: Floss, Stroum; Lü: ᦶᦩ, ᦷᦀᧉᦆᦱᧉ, ᦶᦙᧈᦓᧄᧉ; Macedonian: река; Maguindanao: pulangi; Malagasy: mivory; Malay Jawi: سوڠاي, الور, الير, باتڠ, بڠاون, کالي, واءي, چي, سإيي; Rumi: sungai, alur, alir, batang, bengawan, kali, wai, ci, sei; Malayalam: നദി; Maltese: xmara; Manchu: ᠪᡳᡵᠠ, ᡠᠯᠠ; Manx: awin; Maore Comorian: muro; Maori: awa; Maranao: iyolog, isoba', polangi; Marathi: नदी; Mari Eastern Mari: эҥер; Meänkieli: joki, väylä; Middle English: strem, ryver, flod; Middle Mongolian: ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ; Mingrelian: წყარმალუ; Mirandese: riu; Moksha: ляй; Mon: ကြုၚ်, ၜဳ; Mongolian: гол, мөрөн; Classical Mongolian: ᠭᠣᠤᠯ, ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ; Muong: không; Nanai: мангбо; Nanticoke: pamptuckquah'; Nauruan: ekaw; Navajo: tooh nílíní, tooh; Naxi: hoq, jjihoq; Neapolitan: ciume; Nepali: नदी; Newar: खुसि; Ngarrindjeri: kuri; Ngazidja Comorian: mro wa madji; Nivkh: эри; Norman: riviéthe; North Frisian: struum; Northern Sami: johka; Northern Norwegian: flod, elv, å; Nottoway-Meherrin: joke; Nyunga: beerliya; Occitan: riu; Ojibwe: ziibi, ziibi; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: рѣка; Glagolitic: ⱃⱑⰽⰰ; Old East Slavic: рѣка; Old English: ēa; Old French: floeve; Old Javanese: kali; Old Norse: á, elfr; Old Portuguese: rio; Old Prussian: ape; Old Saxon: aha; Old Tupi: y; Old Turkic: 𐰽𐰆𐰉; Oriya: ନଦୀ; Oromo: laga; Ossetian: дон, цӕугӕдон, фурд; Ottoman Turkish: ایرماق; Pali: nadī; Pashto: سيند; Pennsylvania German: Rewwer; Persian: رود, رودخانه, نهر; Plautdietsch: Fluss, Riwa; Polabian: rė́ka; Polish: rzeka; Portuguese: rio; Powhatan: yeokanta; Punjabi: ਦਰਿਆ, ਨਦੀ; Quechua: mayu; Rajasthani: नंदी; Romanian: râu, fluviu; Romansch: flum; Russian: река́, ре́чка; Rusyn: ріка́; Rwanda-Rundi: uruzi; S'gaw Karen: ထံကျိ; Saanich: STO,LU,; Sanskrit: नदी, स्रोतस्; Sardinian: arriu, ribu, erriu, irriu, riu, rivu, fiúmene, flúmini, frúmene, frumi, frúmine, frúmini; Saterland Frisian: Äi; Scots: river; Scottish Gaelic: abhainn; Sebop: cungai, sungi; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ре́ка, рије́ка; Roman: réka, rijéka; Shan: မႄႈၼမ်ႉ; Shawnee: θiːpi; Sichuan Yi: ꒊꃀ; Sicilian: ciumi, çiumi; Sindhi: دَرياءُ; Sinhalese: ගඟ; Skolt Sami: jokk; Slovak: rieka; Slovene: réka; Slovincian: řė̂kă; Somali: webi; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: rěka; Upper Sorbian: rěka; Sotho: noka; Southern Altai: суу; Southern Kalinga: chawwang; Southern Yukaghir: унун; Spanish: río; Sudovian: upa; Sundanese: wahangan, walungan; Swahili: mto; Swedish: flod, älv, å; Sylheti: ꠘꠖꠤ, ꠉꠣꠋ; Tagalog: ilog; Tajik: рӯд, дарё, наҳр; Talysh: ربار; Tamil: ஆறு, அருவி, நதி; Tatar: елга, дәрья; Telugu: నది; Thai: แม่น้ำ; Tibetan: གཙང་ཆུ, ཆུ་བོ, ཆུ་ཆེན; Tigrinya: ፈለግ; Tlingit: héen; Tocharian B: cake; Tok Pisin: wara, hanwara; Tulu: ಸುದೆ; Turkish: ırmak, nehir; Turkmen: derýa; Tutelo: taksitai; Tuvan: хем, суг; Tuwali Ifugao: wangwang; Udmurt: шур; Ugaritic: 𐎐𐎅𐎗; Ukrainian: ріка́, рі́чка; Umotína: pó; Unami: sipu; Urdu: ندی, دریا; Uyghur: دەريا; Uzbek: daryo; Venetian: fiume, fium; Veps: jogi; Vietnamese: sông; Vilamovian: fłūs; Volapük: flumed; Votic: jõtši; Võro: jõgi; Walloon: aiwe; Waray-Waray: salog; Welsh: afon; West Frisian: rivier, stream; Western Panjabi: دریا, ندی; White Hmong: dej; Wiradhuri: bila; Wolof: dex; Xhosa: umlambo 3/4; Yagnobi: дайро; Yakut: өрүс; Yiddish: טײַך; Yoruba: odò; Yup'ik: kuik; Yámana: winu; Zazaki: ro, rıo, çem; Zealandic: rivier; Zhuang: dah; Zulu: umfula; Zuni: k'yawinanne | |||
