ἀπό: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Aeol., Thess., Arc., Cypr. [[ἀπύ]] Sapph.44, cf. 78, <span class="bibl">Alc.33</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.28.16</span>,<span class="title">IG</span>12(2).6.45 (Mytil.), [[ἀπυδόμεναι]] ib.9(2).594 (Larissa), 5(2).6 (Tegea), etc.:—Prep. usually with Gen. but v. infr. B. (Cf. Skt. [[ápa]], Lat. [[ab]], Umbr. [[ap-ehtre]] 'ab extra', Goth. [[af]], OE. [[af]], [[cef]], [[of]], etc.) Orig. sense, [[from]]. [ᾰπο?~X: where [[ἀπο ¯]] is found in Ep. before v or liquids (as ἀπὸ ἕθεν <span class="bibl">Il.6.62</span>, ἀπὸ νευρῆς <span class="bibl">11.664</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Sc.</span>409</span>) [[ἀπαί]] was sometimes written in later texts, cf. <span class="bibl">Eust. 625.11</span>:— ᾱ metri gr. in Ep. compds., such as [[ἀπονέεσθαι]]. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> OF PLACE, the earliest, and in Hom. the prevailing sense: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of Motion, [[from]], [[away from]], ἐσσεύοντο νεῶν ἄπο καὶ κλισιάων <span class="bibl">Il.2.208</span>; pleonastic, [[ἀπό Τροίηθεν]] ib.<span class="bibl">24.492</span>; ἀπ' οὐρανόθεν <span class="bibl">8.365</span> (later with Advbs., ἀπὸ ἔμπροσθεν <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ec.</span>1.10</span>, etc.); strengthened, ἐκτὸς ἀπό κλισιης <span class="bibl">Il.10.151</span>; also [[ἀπ' αἰῶνος νέος ὤλεο]], implying [[departure from]] life, ib.<span class="bibl">24.725</span>; opp. [[ἐξ]], of relatively superficial motion, λαμβάνομεν οὔτε ἐκ τῆς γῆς οὐδέν, οὔτ' ἀπὸ τῶν οἰκιῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.7.2</span>; similarly of the cause or ground, ἐξ ὧν προηγώνισθε καὶ ἀφ' ὧν εἰκάζω <span class="bibl">Th.4.126</span>:— freq. of [[warrior]]s [[figh]]ting [[from]] [[chariot]]s, etc., οἱ μὲν ἀφ' ἵππων, οἱ δ' ἀπό νηῶν . . μάχοντο <span class="bibl">Il.15.386</span>; ἀφ' ἵππων μάρνασθαι <span class="bibl">Od.9.49</span>; so ἡ μάχη ἦν ἀφ' ἵππων <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.79</span>; [[λαμπὰς ἔσται ἀφ' ἵππων]] = [[on horseback]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>328a</span>; ἀφ' ἵππου θηρεύειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.2.7</span>; ἀπό νεῶν πεζομαχεῖν <span class="bibl">Th. 7.62</span>; ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶν αἰρόμενος τοὺς ἱστοὺς ἀπό τούτων ἐσκοπεῖτο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span> 6.2.29</span>; ὀμμάτων ἄπο . . κατέσταζον γένυν, of tears, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>240</span>: joined with ἐκ, ἐκ Κορίνθου ἀπό τοῦ στρατοπέδου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>142a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of Position, [[away from]], [[far from]], μένων ἀπό ἧς ἀλόχοιο <span class="bibl">Il.2.292</span> (cf. [[ἀπ' ἀνδρὸς εἶναι]] to [[live]] [[apart from]] a [[man]] or [[husband]], <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">CG</span>4</span>); κεκρυμμένος ἀπ' ἄλλων <span class="bibl">Od.23.110</span>; μοῦνος ἀπ' ἄλλων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>193</span>; [[ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν]], [[ἀπ' οὔατος]], [[far from]] [[sight]] or [[hearing]], <span class="bibl">Il.23.53</span>, <span class="bibl">18.272</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22.454</span>; ἀπό θαλάσσης ᾠκίσθησαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">46</span>; αὐλίζεσθαι ἀπό τῶν ὅπλων <span class="bibl">Id.6.64</span>; ἀπ' οἴκου εἶναι <span class="bibl">Id.1.99</span>; [[σπεύδειν ἀπό ῥυτῆρος]] [[far from]], i.e. [[without using]] the rein, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>900</span>; in Hom. freq. strengthened, [[τῆλε ἀπό... νόσφιν ἀπό .]]., <span class="bibl">Il.23.880</span>, <span class="bibl">5.322</span>; in measurement of distances, ὅσον ιέ στάδια ἀπό Φυλῆς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.4.4</span>, etc.; but later the numeral follows ἀπό, πηγὰς ἔχων ἀπό μ σταδίων τῆς θαλάσσης <span class="bibl">D.S.4.56</span>; ἀπό σταδίων κ τῆς πόλεως <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Phil.</span>4</span>; [[κατεστρατοπέδευσεν ἀπό ν σταδίων]] fifty stades [[away]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Oth.</span>11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.Chr.17.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of the mind, [[ἀπό θυμοῦ]] [[away from]], i. e. [[alien from]], my heart, <span class="bibl">Il.1.562</span>; ἀπό δόξης <span class="bibl">10.324</span>; οὐ . . ἀπό σκοποῦ οὐδ' ἀπό δόξης <span class="bibl">Od.11.344</span>; ἀπό τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου τρόπου <span class="bibl">Th.1.76</span>; [[οὐδὲν ἀπό τρόπου]] not [[without]] reason, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>470b</span>; [[οὐκ ἀπό σκοποῦ]], [[καιροῦ]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179c</span>, <span class="bibl">187e</span>; οὐκ ἀπό γνώμης <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Tr.</span>389</span>; οὐκ ἀπό τοῦ πράγματος <span class="bibl">D.24.6</span>; μάλα πολλὸν ἀπ' ἐλπίδος ἔπλετο <span class="bibl">A.R.2.863</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> in pregnant sense, with Verbs of rest, previous motion being implied (cf. [[ἐκ]]), ἀνὰ δ' ἐβόασεν . . ἀπό πέτρας σταθείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>523</span>; [[ἀπότῆς ἐμῆς κεφαλῆς τὴν [ἐκείνου] κεφαλὴν ἀναδήσω]], i. e. taking the chaplet [[off]] my head, and placing it on his, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>212e</span>: with Verbs of hanging, where [[ἐκ]] is more common, ἁψαμένη βρόχον ἀπό μελάθρου <span class="bibl">Od.11.278</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> with the Article, where the sense of motion often disappears, [[οἱ ἀπό τῶν οἰκιῶν φεύγουσιν]], i.e. [[οἱ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις φεύγουσιν ἀπ' αὐτῶν]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.23</span>; [[οἱ ἀπό τῶν πύργων . . ἐπαρήξουσι]] ib.<span class="bibl">6.4.18</span>; αἴρειν τὰ ἀπό τῆς γῆς <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>410b</span>; [[αἱ ἵπποι αἱ ἀπό τοῦ ἅρματος]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.8</span>; ὁ Ἀθηναῖος ὁ ἀπό τοῦ στρατεύματος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.2.19</span>; τὸν ἀπό γραμμᾶς κινεῖ λίθον <span class="bibl">Theoc.6.18</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> partitive, [[λαχὼν ἀπό ληΐδος αἶσαν]] part [[taken]] [[from]] the booty, a share [[of]] it, <span class="bibl">Od.5.40</span>; αἴρεσθαι ἀπό τῶν καλπίδων <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Lys.</span>539</span>; ἀπό ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι παίδων εἷς μοῦνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.27</span>; ὀλίγοι ἀπό πολλῶν <span class="bibl">Th.7.87</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>1023</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> Math., of figures described [[upon]] a base, κῶνον ἀναγράφειν ἀπό κύκλου <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>1.19</span>, etc.; [[τὸ ἀπό τῆς]] AB [[τετράγωνον]] the square [[on]] AB, <span class="bibl">Euc.1.47</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">48</span>; [[εἴδεα ἀ]]. . . <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Spir.</span>10</span>,''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[ἀπό ἀνθρώπου ἕως γυναικός]] man [[and]] woman, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">1 Es.</span>9.40</span>; [[ἀπό ἀρσενικοῦ ἕως θηλυκοῦ]]ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>5.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> [[from being]], [[instead of]], ἀθανάταν ἀπό θνατᾶς . . ἐποίησας Βερενίκαν <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.106</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">10</span> privative, [[free from]], [[without]], ἀπό πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLips.</span>16.19</span> (ii A. D.); ἀπό ζημίας <span class="title">PTeb</span>420.4 (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> OF TIME, [[from]], [[after]], Hom. only in <span class="bibl">Il.8.54</span> [[ἀπό δείπνου θωρήσσοντο]] rising up [[from]], i.e. [[after]], cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.133</span>; [[ἀπό δείπνου εἶναι]] or [[γενέσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.126</span>, <span class="bibl">2.78</span>, <span class="bibl">5.18</span>, al.; ἀπό τοῦ σιτίου πίνειν <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Salubr.</span>5</span>; ἀπό τῶν σίτων διαπονεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span> 5.8</span>; in narrative, [[τὸ ἀπό τούτου]] or [[το̄δε]], [[from]] this point [[onwards]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.4</span>,<span class="bibl">2.99</span>; ἀπό τούτου τοῦ χρόνου <span class="bibl">Id.1.82</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.5.8</span>; τὸ ἀπ' ἐκείνου <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Tox.</span>25</span>; ἡμέρῃ δεκάτῃ ἀφ' ἧς . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span>, etc.; δευτέρῃ ἡμέρῃ ἀπό τῆς ἐμπρήσιος <span class="bibl">Id.8.55</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.7.18</span>, etc.; ἀφ' οὗ χρόνου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 1.2.13</span>; more often [[ἀπ']] or [[ἀφ' οὗ]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.18</span>, etc.; ἀφ' οὗπερ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>177</span>; ἀφ' ἧς <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Pel.</span>15</span>; [[εὐθὺς ἀπό παλαιοῦ]], [[ἀπό τοῦ πάνυ ἀρχαίου]], [[of]] olden time, <span class="bibl">Th.1.2</span>,<span class="bibl">2.15</span>; ἀπ' ἀρχᾶς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>8.25</span>, etc.; ἀπό γενεᾶς <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.8</span>; [[ἀφ' ἑσπέρας]] [[from the beginning of]] evening, i.e. [[at]] eventide, <span class="bibl">Th.7.29</span>; [[ἀπό πρώτου ὕπνου]] ib.<span class="bibl">43</span>; ἀπό μέσων νυκτῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>218</span>; [[ἀπ' ἀγροῦ]] [[fresh from]] field-work, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>15.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.4</span>; ἀπό νουμηνίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.6.23</span>; [[χρονίζειν ἀπό τοῦ καιροῦ]] tarry [[beyond]] the time, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">2 Ki.</span> 20.5</span>; [[ἀπό τέλους ἐννέα μηνῶν]] [[at]] the end of... ib.<span class="bibl">24.8</span>; γενόμενος ἀπό τῆς ἀρχῆς <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Caes.</span>5</span>: hence [[ἀπό ἀγωνοθετῶν]] an [[εχ-ἀγωνοθέτης]], <span class="title">IG</span>3.398; ἀπό λογιστῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1103.3</span> (iv A. D.); [[οἱ ἀπό ὑπατείας]], = [[consulares]], <span class="bibl">Hdn.7.1.9</span>, etc.; but [[ἀπό τινος]] the [[freedman of .]]., IG5(2).50.59(Tegea, ii A. D.), cf.ib.5(1).1391 (Andania), 1473. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> OF ORIGIN, CAUSE, etc.: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of that [[from]] which one is born, [[οὐ γὰρ ἀπό δρυός ἐσσι οὐδ' ἀπό πέτρης]] not [[sprung from]] oak or rock, <span class="bibl">Od.19.163</span>; γίγνονται δ' ἄρα ταί γ' ἔκ τε κρηνέων ἀπό τ' ἀλσέων <span class="bibl">10.350</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>415</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>571</span>, etc.: sometimes [[ἀπό]] denotes remote, and [[ἐκ]] immediate, descent, τοὺς μὲν ἀπό θεῶν, τοὺς δ' ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν θεῶν γεγονότας <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.81</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.150</span>; πέμπτη ἀπ' αὐτοῦ γέννα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>853</span>; [[τρίτος ἀπό Διός]] third [[in descent from]] Zeus, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 391c</span>; [[οἱ ἀπό γένους τινός]] his descendants, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Them.</span>32</span>; Περσέως ἀφ' αἵματος <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>509</span>: of the place one [[springs from]], ἵπποι . . ποταμοῦ ἄπο Σελλήεντος <span class="bibl">Il.2.839</span>. cf. <span class="bibl">849</span>; Ἡρακλεῖδαι οἱ ἀπό Σπάρτης <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.114</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.89</span>, etc.; τοὺς ἀπό Φρυγίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.5</span>, etc.:hence, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> metaph. of things, Χαρίτων ἄπο κάλλος ἔχουσαι <span class="bibl">Od.6.18</span>; [[θεῶν ἄπο μήδεα εἰδώς]] ib.<span class="bibl">12</span>; γάλα ἀπό βοός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>611</span>; μῆνις ἀφ' ἡμῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>314</span>; ἡ ἀφ' ὑμῶν τιμωρία <span class="bibl">Th.1.69</span>; [[ὁ ἀπό τῶν πολεμίων φόβος]] fear [[inspired by]] the enemy, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.53</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> of persons, [[οἱ ἀπό τῆς χώρας]], [[τῆς πόλεως]], country [[folk]], towns[[folk]], <span class="bibl">Plb.2.6.8</span>, <span class="bibl">5.70.8</span>; and so of connection with the founder or leader of a sect, οἱ ἀπό Πυθαγόρου <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Herm.</span>14</span>; οἱ ἀπό Πλάτωνος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Brut.</span>2</span>; [[οἱ ἀπό τοῦ περιπάτου]], [[ἀπό τῆς Στοᾶς]], etc., <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cont.</span> 6</span>; generally [[οἱ ἀπό φιλοσοφίας καὶ λόγων]] philosophers and learned men, ibid.; [[οἱ ἀπό σκηνῆς καὶ θεάτρου]] stage players, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Sull.</span>2</span>; οἱ ἀπό τῆς βουλῆς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Caes.</span>10</span>, etc.; [[ὁ ἀφ' ἑστίας παῖς]], v. [[ἑστία; ἀπ' ἐξωμίδος]] [[with only]] an [[ἐξωμίς]], <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>1.153</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of the material [[from]] or [[of]] which a thing is made, εἵματα ἀπό ξύλου πεποιημένα <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.65</span>; ἀπ' ὄμφακος τεύχειν οἶνον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>970</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>704</span>; ὅσσα ἀπό γλυκερῶ μέλιτος <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.117</span>; ἔνδυμα ἀπό τριχῶν καμήλου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>3.4</span>: hence [[στέφανος ἀπό ταλάντων ἑξήκοντα]] [[of]] or [[weighing]] <span class="bibl">60</span> talents, Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D. 18.92</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.24.1.7</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>2.555.10, al.: hence of value, θύεν αἶγα ἀπό δραχμᾶν εἴκοσι <span class="title">GDI</span>3707 (Cos); κρᾶσις ἀπό τε τῆς ἡδονῆς συγκεκραμένη καὶ ἀπό τῆς λύπης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>59a</span>; so, by an extension of this use, [[εἰδεχθής τις ἀπό τοῦ προσώπου]] ugly [[of]] countenance, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>28.4</span>; θῆλυν ἀπό χροιῆς <span class="bibl">Theoc.16.49</span>; σεμνὸς ἀπό τοῦ σχήματος <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMort.</span>10.8</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of the instrument [[from]] or [[by]] which a thing is done, [[τοὺς . . πέφνεν ἀπ' ἀργυρέοιο βιοῖο]] by arrow [[shot from]] silver bow, <span class="bibl">Il.24.605</span>; τόξου ἄπο κρατεροῦ ὀλέκοντα φάλαγγας <span class="bibl">8.279</span>; ἐμῆς ἀπὸ χειρός <span class="bibl">10.371</span>, <span class="bibl">11.675</span>; so ἀπό χειρὸς ἐργάζεσθαι μεγάλα <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Hist.Conscr.</span>29</span>; [[γυμνάζεσθαι ἀπό σκελῶν]], [[χειρῶν]], [[τραχήλου]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>5.9</span>; μάχεσθαι ἀπό ἄκοντος <span class="bibl">Str.17.3.7</span>; ἡ ἀπό τοῦ ξίφους μάχη <span class="bibl">D.S.5.29</span>; βάπτειν τὸν δάκτυλον ἀπό τοῦ αἵματος <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Le.</span>4.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of the person [[from]] whom an act comes, i.e. [[by]] whom it is done, οὐδὲν μέγα ἔργον ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.14</span>; ζήτησιν ἀπό σφέων γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.2.54</span>; ἐπράχθη οὐδὲν ἀπ' αὐτῶν ἔργον ἀξιόλογον <span class="bibl">Th.1.17</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.61</span>; ἀπό τινος ὄνασθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>528a</span>, etc.; so [[τἀπ' ἐμοῦ]], [[τἀπὸ σοῦ]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>74</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1628</span>; τὰ ἀπό τῶν Ἀθηναίων <span class="bibl">Th.1.127</span>; in later Greek freq. of the direct agent, <span class="bibl">Plb.1.34.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.5.4.12</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.9.12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>9.22</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>20.8.10</span>, etc.; in codd. this may sometimes be due to confusion with [[ὑπό]], but cf. <span class="title">PMag.Par.</span>1.256, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span> 1185.26</span>(Aug.), <span class="title">SIG</span>820.8(Ephesus, i A. D.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of the [[source]] [[from]] which [[life]], [[power]], etc., are sustained, ζῆν ἀπ' ὕλης ἀγρίης <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.203</span>; [[ἀπό κτήνεων καὶ ἰχθύων]] ib.<span class="bibl">216</span>; ἀπό πολέμου <span class="bibl">Id.5.6</span>; ἀπ' ἐλαχίστων χρημάτων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.14</span>; ἀπό τῆς ἀγορᾶς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.1</span>; τρέφειν τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀπό τῶν νήσων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>4.8.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.1.99</span>; ἀπό τῶν κοινῶν πλουτεῖν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>569</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.24.124</span>; ἀπό μικρῶν εὔνους . . γεγένησαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 788</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.18.102</span>; ἀφ' ὥρας ἐργάζεσθαι [[quaestum corpore facere]], <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Tim.</span>14</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> of the cause, means, or occasion [[from]], [[by]], or [[because of]] which a thing is done, ἀπό τούτου κριοπρόσωπον τὤγαλμα τοῦ Διὸς ποιεῦσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.42</span>; [[ἀπό τινος ἐπαινεῖσθαι]], [[θαυμάζεσθαι]], [[ὠφελεῖσθαι]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.25</span>,<span class="bibl">6.12</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.1.2</span>; ἀπό τῶν ξυμφορῶν διαβάλλεσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.5.17</span>; τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν ἔχειν ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">Id.1.46</span>; ἀπό λῃστείας τὸν βίον ἔχειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 7.7.9</span>; ἀπ' αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων κρίνειν <span class="bibl">D.2.27</span>; [[ἀπό τοῦ πάθους]] [[in consequence of]]... <span class="bibl">Th.4.30</span>; βλάπτειν τινὰ ἀπό τινος <span class="bibl">Id.7.29</span>; κατασκευάσαντα τὸ πλοῖον ἀφ' ὧν ὑπελάμβανε σωθήσεσθαι <span class="bibl">D.18.194</span>; [[τρόπαιον ἀπό τινος εἱστήκει]] [[on occasion of]] his defeat, <span class="bibl">Id.19.320</span>; [[τλήμων οὖσ' ἀπ' εὐτόλμου]] φρενός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1302</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1643</span>; [[ἀπό δικαιοσύνης]] [[by reason of]] it (v. l. for [[ὑπό]]), <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.164</span>; [[ἀπό τῶν αὐτῶν λημμάτων]] [[on]] the same [[scale of]] profits, <span class="bibl">D.3.34</span>, etc.; for [[ὅσον ἀπό βοῆς ἕνεκα]], v. [[ἕνεκα]]: hence in half adverbial usages, [[ἀπό σπουδῆς]] in earnest, eagerly, <span class="bibl">Il.7.359</span>; [[ἀπό τοῦἴσου]], [[ἀπό τῆς ἴσης]], or [[ἀπ' ἴσης]], equally, <span class="bibl">Th.1.99</span>,<span class="bibl">15</span>, <span class="bibl">D.14.6</span>, etc.; ἀπ' ὀρθῆς καὶ δικαίας τῆς ψυχῆς <span class="bibl">Id.18.298</span>; ἀπό ἀντιπάλου παρασκευῆς <span class="bibl">Th.1.91</span>; [[ἀπό τοῦ προφανοῦς]] openly, ib.<span class="bibl">35</span>; [[ἀπό τοῦ εὐθέος]] straightforwardly, <span class="bibl">Id.3.43</span>; [[ἀπό τοῦ αὐτομάτου]] [[of]] free-will, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>323c</span>; [[ἀπό γλώσσης]] [[by]] word of mouth, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.123</span> (but also, [[from]] hearsay, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>813</span>); ἀπό στόματος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>142d</span>; [[ἀπ' ὄψεως]] [[at]] sight, <span class="bibl">Lys.16.19</span>; [[ἀπό χειρὸς λογίζεσθαι]] [[on]] your fingers, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>656</span>; πεύθομαι δ' ἀπ' ὀμμάτων νόστον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 988</span>; [[ὀμμάτων ἄπο]] [[in]] the public gaze, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>216</span>; ἀπό τοῦ κυάμου ἄρχοντας καθίστασθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.9</span>; ἡ βουλὴ ἡ ἀπό τοῦ κυάμου <span class="bibl">Th.8.66</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>1.9; τοὺς ἀπό τοῦ κυάμου δισχιλίους ἄνδρας <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>24.3</span>; [[τριηράρχους αἱρεῖσθαι ἀπό τῆς οὐσίας]] Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.106</span>; [[ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ]] [[from]] oneself, [[on]] one's own [[account]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.6</span>, etc.; ἀφ' ἑαυτοῦ γνώμης <span class="bibl">Id.4.68</span>; [[ἀπό συνθήματος]], [[ἀπό παραγγέλματος]], [[by]] [[agreement]], [[by]] [[word]] of [[command]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.74</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.99</span>; [[ἀπό σάλπιγγος]] = [[by sound of trumpet]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.Mag.</span>3.12</span> (s.v.l.); [[ἐπίτροπος ἀπό τῶν λόγων]], = Lat. [[procurator]] a [[rationibus]], Ann.Epigr..<span class="bibl">1913.143a</span> (Ephesus, ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> of the object spoken of, [[τὰ ἀπό τῆς νήσου οἰκότα ἐστί]] the things [[told from]] or [[of]] the island... <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.195</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">54</span>, <span class="bibl">7.195</span>; νόμος κείμενος ἀπό τῶν τεχνῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>762</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> in Arc., Cypr., [[ἀπύ]] takes dat., [[ἀπὺ τᾷ [ἁμέρᾳ]]] <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).6 (Tegea); ἀπὺ τᾷ ζᾷ <span class="title">Inscr.Cypr.</span>135.8 H. (Idalion). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in later Greek [[ἀπό]] is found c. acc., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.124.30</span> (iv/v A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">C</span> in Hom. frequent with Verbs in tmesi, as <span class="bibl">Il.5.214</span>, etc., and sometimes in Prose, as <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.89</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">D</span> IN COMPOS.: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[asunder]], as [[ἀποκόπτω]], [[ἀπολύω]], [[ἀποτέμνω]]: and hence, [[away]], [[off]], as [[ἀποβάλλω]], [[ἀποβαίνω;]] denoting, [[removal]] of an accusation, as [[ἀπολογέομαι]], [[ἀποψηφίζομαι]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[finishing off]], [[completing]], [[ἀπεργάζομαι]], [[ἀπανδρόω]], [[ἀπανθρωπίζω]], [[ἀπογλαυκόω]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ceasing from]], [[leaving off]], as [[ἀπαλγέω]], [[ἀποκηδεύω]], [[ἀπολοφύρομαι]], [[ἀποζέω]], [[ἀπανθίζω]], [[ἀφυβρίζω]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[back again]], as [[ἀποδίδωμι]], [[ἀπολαμβάνω]], [[ἀπόπλους]]: also, [[in full]], or [[what is one's own]], as [[ἀπέχω]], [[ἀπολαμβάνω]]: freq. it only strengthens the sense of the simple. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[by way of abuse]], as in [[ἀποκαλέω]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> almost = [[ἀ-]] priv.; sometimes with Verbs, as [[ἀπαυδάω]], [[ἀπαγορεύω;]] more freq. with Adjectives, as [[ἀποχρήματος]], [[ἀπότιμος]], [[ἀπόσιτος]], [[ἀπόφονος]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">E</span> [[ἄπο]], by anastrophe for [[ἀπό]], when it follows its Noun, as ὀμμάτων ἄπο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1231</span>, etc.; never in Prose. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἄπο]] for [[ἄπεστι]], <span class="bibl">Semon.1.20</span>, <span class="bibl">Timocr.9</span>.</span>