δικαιοσύνη: Difference between revisions

|txtha=δικαιοσύνης, ἡ ([[δίκαιος]]); [[most]] [[frequently]] in the Sept. for צֶדֶק and צְדָקָה, [[rarely]] for חֶסֶד; "the [[virtue]] or [[quality]] or [[state]] of [[one]] [[who]] is [[δίκαιος]];"<br /><b class="num">1.</b> in the [[broad]] [[sense]], the [[state]] of him [[who]] is [[such]] as he [[ought]] to be, [[righteousness]] (German Rechtbeschaffenheit); the [[condition]] [[acceptable]] to God (German Gottwohlgefalligkeit);<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[universally]]: [[λόγος]] τῆς δικαιοσύνης ([[like]] [[λόγος]] τῆς καταλλαγῆς, [[λόγος]] [[τοῦ]] σταυροῦ), the [[doctrine]] [[concerning]] the [[way]] in [[which]] [[man]] [[may]] [[attain]] to a [[state]] approved of God, [[βασιλεύς]] δικαιοσύνης, the [[king]] [[who]] [[himself]] has the [[approbation]] of God, and [[who]] renders his subjects [[acceptable]] to God, G L T Tr, WH; [[ἁμαρτία]], [[ἀνομία]], and [[ἀκαθαρσία]]); [[ἁμαρτία]]); [[ἀνομία]], as in [[Xenophon]], mem. 1,2, 24); ἐν ὁδῷ δικαιοσύνης, [[walking]] in the [[way]] of [[righteousness]] equivalent to an [[upright]], [[righteous]], Prayer of Manasseh , [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ, the [[righteousness]] [[which]] God demands, צִדְקָה, Colossians 1891 (p. 941, Fischer edition); cf. Winer's Grammar, 32)); [[where]] [[δίκαιος]] [[καί]] [[ὁσιότης]] are [[connected]] — Clement of [[Rome]], 1 Corinthians 48,4 [ET] and [[occasionally]] in [[secular]] writings) — the [[former]] denotes [[right]] [[conduct]] toward men, the [[latter]] [[piety]] toward God (cf. [[Plato]], [[Gorgias]], p. 507b.; Grimm on Sap., p. 181 f; (cf. Trench, § 88, p. 328f; for [[additional]] examples [[see]] Wetstein (1752) on Ephesians , the [[passage]] cited; cf. [[ὅσιος]]); [[εὐσέβεια]] [[καί]] [[δικαιοσύνη]], Diodorus 1,2); ποιεῖν [[τήν]] δικαιοσύνην, to do [[righteousness]], to [[live]] [[uprightly]]: ἐργάζεσθαι δικαιοσύνην, [[ζῆν]] τῇ [[δικαιοσύνη]], to [[live]], [[devote]] the [[life]], to [[righteousness]], πληροῦν πᾶσαν δικαιοσύνην, to [[perform]] [[completely]] [[whatever]] is [[right]], [[δικαιοσύνη]] denotes his [[perfect]] [[moral]] [[purity]], [[integrity]], [[sinlessness]]: [[holiness]]: ἡ [[δικαιοσύνη]] has a [[peculiar]] [[meaning]], opposed to the views of the Jews and Judaizing Christians. To [[understand]] [[this]] [[meaning]], the [[following]] facts [[especially]] [[must]] be kept in [[view]]: the Jews as a [[people]], and [[very]] [[many]] [[who]] had [[become]] converts from [[among]] [[them]] to Christianity, supposed [[that]] [[they]] secured the favor of God by works conformed to the requirements of the Mosaic [[law]], as [[though]] by [[way]] of [[merit]]; and [[that]] [[they]] would [[thus]] [[attain]] to [[eternal]] [[salvation]]. But [[this]] [[law]] demands [[perfect]] [[obedience]] to [[all]] its precepts, and threatens condemnation to those [[who]] do [[not]] [[render]] [[such]] [[obedience]] (Song of Solomon , to [[die]] as an [[expiatory]] [[sacrifice]] for the sins of men he has attested his [[grace]] and [[good-will]] to [[mankind]], so [[that]] [[they]] [[can]] [[hope]] for [[salvation]] as if [[they]] had [[not]] sinned. But the [[way]] to [[obtain]] [[this]] [[hope]], he teaches, is [[only]] [[through]] [[faith]] ([[see]] [[πίστις]] ([[especially]] 1b. and d.)), by [[which]] a [[man]] appropriates [[that]] [[grace]] of God revealed and pledged in Christ; and [[this]] [[faith]] is reckoned by God to the [[man]] as [[δικαιοσύνη]]; [[that]] is to [[say]], [[δικαιοσύνη]] denotes "the [[state]] [[acceptable]] to God [[which]] becomes a [[sinner]]'s [[possession]] [[through]] [[that]] [[faith]] by [[which]] he embraces the [[grace]] of God offered him in the [[expiatory]] [[death]] of Jesus Christ ([[see]] [[δικαιόω]], 3b.). In [[this]] [[sense]] ἡ [[δικαιοσύνη]] is used [[without]] an [[adjunct]] in [[δικαιοσύνη]] Θεοῦ, ἡ [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ [[δικαιοσύνη]], the [[righteousness]] [[which]] God ascribes, [[what]] God declares to be [[righteousness]] (Winer's Grammar, 186 (175)), [[δικαιοσύνη]] Θεοῦ [[διά]] πίστεως, ἡ [[δικαιοσύνη]] τῆς πίστεως, [[which]] is [[acquired]] by [[faith]], or [[seen]] in [[faith]], ἡ ἐκ Θεοῦ [[δικαιοσύνη]] [[which]] comes from God, i. e. is adjudged, imputed, [[ἐπί]] τῇ πίστει depends on ἔχων, having ... founded [[upon]] [[faith]] (cf. Winer's Grammar, 137 (130); 392 (367); [[yet]] cf. Ellicott, at the [[passage]])); ἡ ἐκ πίστεως [[δικαιοσύνη]] [[which]] comes from [[faith]], ἡ [[διά]] πίστεως Χριστοῦ, ἡ [[κατά]] πίστιν [[δικαιοσύνη]] according to, [[appropriate]] to, [[faith]], [[δικαιοσύνη]], as [[being]] the [[one]] [[without]] whom [[there]] is no [[righteousness]], as the [[author]] of [[righteousness]], [[εἰς]] δικαιοσύνην, [[unto]] [[righteousness]] as the [[result]], to [[obtain]] [[righteousness]], ἡ [[πίστις]] λογίζεται τίνι [[εἰς]] δικαιοσύνην, [[faith]] is reckoned to [[one]] for [[righteousness]], i. e. is so taken [[into]] [[account]], [[that]] [[righteousness]] is ascribed to it or recognized in it: ἡ [[διακονία]] τῆς δικαιοσύνης ([[see]] [[διακονία]], 2b.), [[δικαιοσύνη]], arising from [[faith]], is ἡ ἐκ νόμου [[δικαιοσύνη]], a [[state]] [[acceptable]] to God [[which]] is supposed to [[result]] from [[obedience]] to the [[law]], ἡ [[δικαιοσύνη]] ἐν νόμῳ relying on the [[law]], i. e. on [[imaginary]] [[obedience]] to it, ἡ [[ἰδίᾳ]] [[δικαιοσύνη]] and ἡ ἐμή ἐδικαιοσυνη, [[such]] as [[one]] supposes [[that]] he has [[acquired]] for [[himself]] by his [[own]] works, [[justice]], or the [[virtue]] [[which]] gives [[each]] [[one]] his [[due]]; it is said to belong to God and Christ, as bestowing ἰσότιμον πίστιν [[upon]] [[all]] Christians [[impartially]], R G Tr marginal [[reading]] in brackets; κρίνειν ἐν [[δικαιοσύνη]], [[δικαιόω]] at the [[end]].)

|sngr='''原文音譯'''：dikaiosÚnh 笛開哦需尼<br />'''詞類次數'''：名詞（92）<br />'''原文字根'''：義 審判 相當於： （[[צַדִּיק]]&#x200E;）  （[[צְדָקָה]]&#x200E;）<br />'''字義溯源'''：公平，公義，公正，義，稱義；源自（[[δίκαιος]]）=公平的）；而 （[[δίκαιος]]）出自（[[δίκη]] / [[καταδίκη]]）*=公正）。要認識在新約的義，有兩個先決條件：<br />1）義乃是神與人的關係術語 2）真實的義乃從信神而產生出來的。馬太說到要對義有饑渴，並要去求神的義（ 太5:6;  6:33）。路加指出要終身用公義事奉神（ 路1:74）。約翰說到主來了，要叫我們為義責備自己；並且為著義，主又往父那裏去（ 約16:8 ,10）。行傳指明神悅納敬畏他和行義的人；並且到了時候，要按公義審判天下（ 徒10:35;  17:31）。羅馬書說到神的義在福音上顯明出來（ 羅1:17），神的義要加給一切相信的人（ 羅3:22）。哥林多後書就宣告說，神使那不知罪的，替我們成為罪，好叫我們在他裏成為神的義（ 林後5:21）<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（92）；太（7）；路（1）；約（2）；徒（4）；羅（34）；林前（1）；林後（7）；加（4）；弗（3）；腓（4）；提前（1）；提後（3）；多（1）；來（6）；雅（3）；彼前（2）；彼後（4）；約壹（3）；啓（2）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 義（57） 太3:15； 太5:6； 太5:10； 太5:20； 太6:33； 太21:32； 約16:8； 約16:10； 羅1:17； 羅3:5； 羅3:21； 羅3:22； 羅3:25； 羅3:26； 羅4:3； 羅4:5； 羅4:6； 羅4:9； 羅4:13； 羅4:22； 羅5:17； 羅5:21； 羅6:16； 羅6:18； 羅6:19； 羅6:20； 羅8:10； 羅9:30； 羅9:30； 羅9:31； 羅10:3； 羅10:3； 羅10:3； 羅10:4； 羅10:5； 羅10:6； 林後5:21； 林後6:14； 加2:21； 加3:6； 加3:21； 弗4:24； 腓3:6； 腓3:9； 腓3:9； 提後3:16； 多3:5； 雅1:20； 雅2:23； 雅3:18； 彼前2:24； 彼前3:14； 彼後1:1； 彼後2:21； 彼後3:13； 約壹3:7； 約壹3:10；<br />2） 公義（18） 路1:75； 徒17:31； 徒24:25； 羅14:17； 林前1:30； 林後6:7； 林後9:9； 林後9:10； 弗5:9； 弗6:14； 提前6:11； 提後2:22； 提後4:8； 來1:9； 來7:2； 來11:33； 約壹2:29； 啓19:11；<br />3） 義的（9） 徒10:35； 徒13:10； 羅6:13； 羅9:30； 林後11:15； 加5:5； 腓1:11； 來11:7； 來12:11；<br />4） 稱義（3） 羅4:11； 羅10:10； 林後3:9；<br />5） 叫他⋯義（1） 啓22:11；<br />6） 公義的（1） 彼後2:5；<br />7） 對義的（1） 來5:13；<br />8） 為義（1） 羅4:11；<br />9） 善（1） 太6:1