πίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῑ], Ep. inf. [[πινέμεναι]] and -έμεν, <span class="bibl">Il.4.346</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.220</span> : Ion. impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> πίνεσκον <span class="bibl">Il.16.226</span>: fut. πίομαι <span class="bibl">13.493</span>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.962</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>578</span>, <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OC</span>622</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1289</span>, <span class="bibl">1401</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>311</span>; later πῐοῦμαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1370b18</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>12.49</span>, etc.; also as f.l. in earlier authors, πιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Int.</span>12</span>, πιεῖσθε <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>4.7</span>, but rejected by Phryn.23, <span class="bibl">Ath.10.446d</span>; 2sg. πίεσαι <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">De.</span>28.39</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>17.8</span>: aor. [[ἔπῐον]], Ep. πίον <span class="bibl">Il.22.2</span>, etc.; 2sg. subj. πίῃσθα <span class="bibl">6.260</span>; imper. πίε <span class="bibl">Od.9.347</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.151</span>, <span class="title">Carm.Pop.</span> 33, ([[ἐκ]]-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>563</span>, <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>32</span> b iii; also πῖθι <span class="bibl">Cratin.141</span>, Ion Trag. <span class="bibl">27</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1489</span>, <span class="bibl">Amips.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Antiph.163.1</span>, etc., ([[ἔκ]]-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>570</span>; [[πίει]], [[πίεις]], Kretschmer <span class="title">Griech. Vaseninschr.</span>p.195; inf. πιεῖν <span class="bibl">Od.8.70</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 4.172</span>, etc.; later contr. πεῖν <span class="title">AP</span>11.140 (Lucill.), <span class="title">Mim.Oxy.</span>413.66, <span class="title">PMag.Lond.</span>121.738, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFlor.</span>101.8</span> (i A. D.), etc.; Ep. πῐέμεν <span class="bibl">Od.15.378</span>, πιέειν <span class="bibl">Il.4.263</span>, [[πιέναι]] f.l. for [[ὑπιέναι]] in <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>5.18</span>; part. [[πῐών]], [[πῐοῦσα]], <span class="bibl">Il.24.102</span>, etc., πῐέουσα <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.11</span>:—Med., subj. πινώμεθα <span class="bibl">Hermipp.25</span>; imper. πίνεο <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span>912</span>: πίομαι [ῑ] as pres. Med., Ibyc.17 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.86</span>, and so <b class="b3">ἐκπίομαι [ῑ</b>] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>199</span>, <b class="b3">ἐμπίομαι [ῐ</b>] <span class="bibl">Thgn.1129</span> (Pass. in <span class="title">AP</span>5.43 (Rufin.)):—Pass., <span class="bibl">Od.20.312</span>, Hp.Aër. 9, etc.: Ep.impf. πίνετο <span class="bibl">Od.9.45</span>.—Other tenses are from <b class="b3">πω-</b> or <b class="b3">πο-</b>, pf. πέπωκα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>821</span>, etc.:—Pass., fut. [[ποθήσομαι]] (κατα-) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1502</span>, ([[ἐκ]]-) Plu.2.240e: aor. [[ἐπόθην]] ([[ἐξ]]-) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>66</span>, (κατ-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>111d</span>: pf. inf. πεπόσθαι <span class="bibl">Thgn.477</span>: Aeol. pres. πώνω <span class="bibl">Alc.20</span>,<span class="bibl">52</span>, <span class="title">Supp.</span>20.3: aor. imper. [[πῶθι]], [[τῶ]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>698.52</span>. [ῑ always in <b class="b3">πίνω. πίνομαι; ῐ</b> always in aor. [[ἔπιον]], hence [[πίε]] must be read for [[πῖνε]] in <span class="title">AP</span>11.19 (Strat.), and [[ἔπῑνον]] for [[ἔπιον]] in <span class="title">Anacreont.</span>5.5: Hom. has ἐθέλουσι δὲ πῑέμεν ἄμφω <span class="bibl">Il.16.825</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.18.3</span>; but καὶ φαγέμεν πῐέμεν τε <span class="bibl">15.378</span>; in imper. [[πῖθι]], [[ῑ]] always.—In fut. πίομαι Hom. and Trag. use ῑ, <span class="bibl">Il.13.493</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 578</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>622</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.962</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1289</span>,<span class="bibl">1401</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>311</span>; but ῐ in lon Lyr.<span class="bibl">2.10</span> ([[nisi legendum|nisi leg.]] [[πιέτω]]), ([[ἐκ]]-) <span class="bibl">Pl.Com.9</span>, <span class="bibl">Amips.22</span>; also in later Poetry, <span class="title">AP</span>11.8,25.5 (Apollonid.); for pres. Med. [[πίομαι]], v. supr.]: —[[drink]], freq. from Hom. downwds., c. acc., <b class="b3">π. οἶνον, ὐρόν, αἷμα</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Od.15.391</span>, <span class="bibl">17.225</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>622</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. ὕδωρ Αἰσήποιο</b> [[drink]] its water, i.e. live on its banks, <span class="bibl">Il.2.825</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.86</span> (Med.): c. gen. partit., [[drink of]] a thing, π. οἴνοιο <span class="bibl">Od.22.11</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς οἶνον... ἔνθεν ἔπινον</b> [[whereof]]... <span class="bibl">4.220</span>; αἵματος ὄφρα πίω <span class="bibl">11.96</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">15.373</span>; also <b class="b3">πίνειν κρητῆρας οῐνοιο</b> [[to drink]] bowls of wine, <span class="bibl">Il.8.232</span>; κύπελλα ὄνου <span class="bibl">4.346</span>; <b class="b3">π. ἀπὸ κρήνης</b> [[drink]] of a spring, <span class="bibl">Thgn.959</span> (but κρήνης <span class="bibl">962</span>); <b class="b3">π. ἀπ' αὐτοῦ</b> (sc. [[δέπαος]]) <b class="b3"> αἴθοπα οἶνον</b> [[from]] it, <span class="bibl">Il.16.226</span>; δέπα ἔνθεν ἔπινον <span class="bibl">Od.19.62</span>; ἐκ κεράμων μέθυ πίνετο <span class="bibl">Il.9.469</span>; ἐκ τῆς χειρὸς διδοῖ πιεῖν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.172</span>; ἐκ ταὐτοῦ… ποτηρίου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1289</span>; ἐξ ἀργύρου ἢ χρυσοῦ <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>417a</span>; ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.4</span>; <b class="b3">σκύφος ᾧ περ ἔπινεν</b> [[with]] which... <span class="bibl">Od.14.112</span>; <b class="b3">π. κερατίνοις ποτηρίοις</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.4</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ φάρμακα π. παρὰ τοῦ ἰατροῦ</b> draughts sent by him, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>467c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> abs., [[drink]], ἐσθιέμεν καὶ πινέμεν <span class="bibl">Od.2.305</span>; ὁ πῖνε καὶ ἦσθε <span class="bibl">5.94</span>, <span class="bibl">6.249</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.24.476</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μῆλα πιόμεν' ἐκ βοτάνης</b> [[going to drink]] after pasture, <span class="bibl">13.493</span>; πρὸς βίαν πώνην <span class="bibl">Alc.20</span>; πῖνε, πῖν' ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς <span class="bibl">Simon.14</span>; π. πρὸς ἡδονήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>176e</span>; εἰς μέθην <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>775b</span>; διδόναι πιεῖν <span class="bibl">Cratin.124</span>; πιεῖν αἰτεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.3.41</span>; <b class="b3">τινὶ πιεῖν ἐγχέας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1.3.9</span>; πιεῖν τις ἡμῖν ἐγχεάτω <span class="bibl">Philem.9</span>: in pf. [[πέπωκα]], to [[be drunk]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span> 536</span>; <b class="b3">πίνοντά τε καὶ πεπωκότα</b> [[drinking]] and [[having finished drinking]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>117c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[celebrate by a carouse]], νίκην <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span> 54</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> metaph., [[drink up]], as the earth does rain, <b class="b3">τὸ ὕδωρ, ὄμβρον</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.117</span>,<span class="bibl">4.198</span>; πιοῦσα κόνις μέλαν αἷμα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>979</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>736</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">821</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1401</span>; of plants, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>2.25</span>; of a lamp, π. τοὔλαιον <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Cat.</span>27</span>; λύχνος… πολλὰ πιὼν μέλη <span class="title">AP</span>5.196 (Mel., dub. l.). (I.-E. [[pōy]]- and [[pī]]-, cf. Skt. <b class="b2">pāy-áyati</b> 'cause to drink', [[pīti]]- 'a drink', Lat. [[pōtus]], etc.)</span>