πλεύμων: Difference between revisions

|Definition=or πνεύμων, ονος, ὁ (on the form and deriv., v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[the lungs]], πάγη δ' ἐν πλεύμονι χαλκός <span class="bibl">Il.4.528</span>, <span class="bibl">20.486</span> (v.l.); ὁ τῶν πνευμάτων τῷ σώματι ταμίας ὁ π. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a9</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">3 Ki.</span>22.34</span>: mostly in plural, <span class="bibl">Archil.9.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Alc.39.1</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>567</span>, etc.; διὰ πνευμόνων θερμὸν ἄησιν ὕπνον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>178</span>A; πνεῦμ' ἀνεὶς ἐκ πλευμόνων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>277</span>; regarded as the most vital part, σπαραγμὸς… πλευμόνων ἀνθήψατο <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>778</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>367</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>474</span>; <b class="b3">πλευμόνων πολὺς πόνος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">829</span>; as the seat of love, [Κύπρις] Διὸς τυραννεῖ πλευμόνων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>941.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[sea-lungs]], [[jelly-fish]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>21c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">PA</span>681a18</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>40</span>, Pytheas ap. <span class="bibl">Plb.34.3.4</span>; term of abuse applied by Epicurus to Nausiphanes, Epicur.<span class="title">Frr.</span>114, 236. (Gramm. differ as to the forms. Eust. (<span class="bibl">483.10</span>, <span class="bibl">1436.62</span>) and Phot. both recognize [[πλεύμων]] as the Homeric and ancient form; this was also the true Att. form, <span class="bibl">Moer. p.309</span> P., Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>1069</span>, <span class="bibl">Eust.483.10</span>; it is found in the best codd. of <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>61</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>567</span>, as well as in codd. of Alc. (l.c. ap.<span class="bibl">Ath.10.430b</span>), Hp. (<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Art.</span>41</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prog.</span>23</span>, al., cf. i p.cxx K.), Ar., Pl., and Arist., also in Pap., Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>pp.27,28 W., and Inscr., <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.56 (Epid., iv B. C.), and is doubtless the original form, which was altered in accordance with a supposed deriv. from [[πνεῦμα]] suggested by <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Resp.</span>476a9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>677.31</span>. Cf. Lith. [[plaũčiai]] 'lungs', cogn. with [[πλέω]], as 'that which floats', cf. Engl. [[lights]], also [[lungs]], cogn. with [[ἐλαφρός]].) </span>