θάπτω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> θάψω <span class="bibl">Is.8.21</span>:—Pass., fut. τᾰφήσομαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>632</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys. 13.45</span>, also τεθάψομαι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>577</span>, <span class="bibl">1141</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1464</span>: aor. 1 ἐθάφθην <span class="bibl">Simon.167</span> (cj.), <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.81</span>,<span class="bibl">7.228</span>; more freq.aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐτάφην</b> [ᾰ] <span class="bibl">Id.3.10</span>, <span class="bibl">55</span>, and alwaysin Att., as <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>556</span>; part. ἐν-θαφείς <span class="title">CIG</span>2839 (Aphrodisias): pf. [[τέθαμμαι]], Ion.3pl. [[τετάφαται]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[τεθάφαται]] <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.103</span>; imper. τεθάφθω <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DMar.</span>9.1</span>; inf. τεθάφθαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>366</span> (lyr., prob.l.), <span class="bibl">Lycurg.113</span>: plpf. Pass. ἐτέθαπτο <span class="bibl">Od.11.52</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.113</span>:—[[honour with funeral rites]], ὅτε μιν θάπτωσιν Ἀχαιοί <span class="bibl">Il.21.323</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>472</span>; esp. by burial, οὐ γάρ πω ἐτέθαπτο ὑπὸ χθονός <span class="bibl">Od.11.52</span> (but freq. used later with ref. to cremation, <span class="bibl">D.S.3.55</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Hann.</span>35</span>, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Her.</span> 10.11</span>, etc.; πυρὶ θάπτειν Plu.2.286f, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>2.20.3</span>); θάπτειν… γῆς φίλαις κατασκαφαῖς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1013</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>545</span> (Pass.); θ. ἐς χῶρον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.41</span>; οὗ ἐβούλοντο <span class="bibl">Th.8.84</span>; <b class="b3">θ. ἐξ οἰκίας</b> [[to carry out to burial]] from a house, <span class="bibl">Is.8.21</span>; <b class="b3">καταλείψει μηδὲ ταφῆναι</b> not even his [[burial expenses]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>556</span>; τῷ δ' εἶναι μηδὲ ταφῆναι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>592</span>.</span>

|lsmtext='''θάπτω:''' (από τη √<i>ΤΑΦ</i>, πρβλ. τᾰφῆναι, [[τάφος]])· μέλ. <i>θάψω</i>, αόρ. αʹ <i>ἔθαψα</i>· Παθ. μέλ., <i>τᾰφήσομαι</i> και <i>τεθάψομαι</i>, αόρ. αʹ <i>ἐθάφθην</i>, αόρ. βʹ [[ἐτάφην]] [ᾰ], παρακ. [[τέθαμμαι]], Ιων. γʹ πληθ. [[τεθάφαται]], γʹ ενικ. Παθ. υπερσ. [[ἐτέθαπτο]]· [[αποδίδω]] τις τελευταίες τιμές, [[εκτελώ]] καθήκοντα [[απέναντι]] στο νεκρό, [[τιμώ]] με επικήδειες τελετές, [[ενταφιάζω]], π.χ. τα προγενέστερα χρόνια μέσω της καύσης του σώματος, σε Όμηρ.· [[έπειτα]] απλά, [[ενταφιάζω]], [[θάβω]], [[κηδεύω]], σε Ηρόδ., Αττ.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[bury]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: Aor. [[θάψαι]], pass. [[ταφῆναι]], also <b class="b3">-θῆναι</b>, perf. pass. [[τέθαμμαι]],<br />Compounds: also with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>,<br />Derivatives: [[τάφος]] m. [[burying]], [[tomb]] (Il.), [[ταφή]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (IA); from there thee hypostases <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-τάφιος</b> [[belonging to the burial]] with [[ἐνταφιάζω]], [[ἐνταφιαστής]] (LXX, pap.); [[ἐπιταφέω]] [[attend a burial]] (inscr.); [[ταφήϊος]] [[belonging to a burial]] (Od.), [[ταφεύς]] [[grave-digger]] (S.; s. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf <b class="b3">-ευς</b> 41), <b class="b3">ταφ(ε)ών</b> <b class="b2">(place) of a tomb </b> (inscr.), [[ταφικόν]] [[burial costs]] (pap.). - [[τάφρος]] f. (on the genus Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 n. 1) <b class="b2">ditch (for fortification etc.)</b> (Il.) with [[ταφρεύω]] [[make a ditch]] (Att.), from which <b class="b3">ταφρ-εία</b>, <b class="b3">τάφρ-ευμα</b>, <b class="b3">-ευσις</b>, <b class="b3">-ευτής</b>; rare [[τάφρη]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ion.). - Uncertain [[θάπτ]]<[[ρ]]><b class="b3">α μνῆμα</b> (cod. [[μυῖα]]). [[Κρῆτες]] H.; s. Latte Glotta 34, 196f.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [248] <b class="b2">*dʰembʰ-</b> [[dig]]<br />Etymology: With the generalized zero grade <b class="b3">θαπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ταφ-</b> < <b class="b3">*θαφ-</b> agrees Arm. [[damb-an]] [[tomb]], if one starts from IE <b class="b2">dhm̥bh-</b> (but the words are not old, s. Clackson, Relationship Arm. Greek, 1994, 120f.); the full grade <b class="b2">*dʰembʰ-</b> would have been eliminated in both languages. (<b class="b3">τάφ-ρ-ος</b> : [[damb-an]] does not allow to posit an <b class="b2">r-n-</b>stem. - Lidén Armen. Stud. 41f. with criticism of older views. - The word could well be a loan: IE origin is uncertain.

|ftr='''θάπτω''': {tháptō}<br />'''Forms''': Aor. θάψαι, Pass. ταφῆναι, auch -θῆναι, Perf. Pass. [[τέθαμμαι]],<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': [[bestatten]], [[begraben]] (seit Il.).<br />'''Composita''' : auch mit Präfix, z. B. ἐν-, συν-, κατα-,<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[τάφος]] m. [[Bestattung]], [[Grab]], [[Grabmal]] (seit Il.), [[ταφή]] ib. (ion. att.); davon u. a. die Hypostasen ἐν-, [[ἐπιτάφιος]] [[zum Begräbnis gehörig]] mit [[ἐνταφιάζω]], [[ἐνταφιαστής]] (LXX, Pap. usw.) u. a.; [[ἐπιταφέω]] [[einer Bestattung beiwohnen]] (Inschr.) usw.; ferner [[ταφήϊος]] ‘zum τ. gehörig’ (Od. u. a.), [[ταφεύς]] [[Totengräber]] (S.; vgl. Boßhardt Die Nom. auf -ευς 41), ταφ(ε)ών [[Grabstätte]] (Inschr.), [[ταφικόν]] [[Grabkosten]] (Pap.) u. a. — [[τάφρος]] f. (zum Genus Schwyzer-Debrunner 34 A. 1) ‘Graben (zur Befestigung usw.)’ (seit Il.) mit [[ταφρεύω]] [[einen Graben ziehen]] (att.), wovon [[ταφρεία]], [[τάφρευμα]], -ευσις, -ευτής; selten [[τάφρη]] ib. (ion.). — Ganz unsicher θάπτ<ρ>α· [[μνῆμα]] (cod. [[μυῖα]]). Κρῆτες H.; s. Latte Glotta 34, 196f.<br />'''Etymology''' : Zu der durchgeführten Schwundstufe θαπ-, ταφ- aus *θαφ- stimmt arm. ''damb''-''an'', ''damb''-''aran'' ‘Grab, Gruft, Grabmal, wenn man von idg. ''dhm̥bh''- ausgeht; die Hochstufe ''dhembh''- ist in beiden Sprachen ausgeschaltet worden. Aus τάφρ-ος : ''damb''-''an'' ist vielleicht auf einen ''r''-''n''-Stamm zu schließen; -''aran'' ist im Armenischen ein sehr produktives Suffix. — Lidén Armen. Stud. 41f. mit Kritik älterer Ansichten; danach Bq s. v. und WP. 1, 852.<br />'''Page''' 1,653-654