λύγξ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), ὁ, ἡ, gen. [[λυγκός]] ([[λύγγα]] in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>863</span> is perhaps <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for [[λύγκα]], but cf. [[λύγγιος]]):—[[lynx]], [[Felis lynx]], h.Hom.19.24; βαλιαὶ λύγκες <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>579</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>500b15</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>175</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[caracal]], [[Felis caracal]], <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>14.6</span>, <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>3.85</span>, etc. (cf. [[λυγγούριον]]). (OHG. [[luhs]], Germ. [[luchs]], Lith. [[lúšis]].) </span><br /><span class="bld">λύγξ</span> (B), ἡ, gen. <b class="b3">λυγγός,</b> (λύζω) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[hiccup]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>5.58</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span> 185d</span>; <b class="b3">λ. κενή</b> an ineffectual [[retching]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.49</span>, cf. Aret <span class="title">CA</span>2.4: masc. in plural, τοῖς λυγξί Gal.1.356, but fem. in Id.15.846. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">λύγγα θηρατηρίαν</b> dub. l. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>474.1</span>.</span>

|etymtx=1<br />Meaning: [[hiccup]]<br />See also: s. [[λύζω]].<br />2 [[λυγκός]] (<b class="b3">-γγός</b>)<br />Grammatical information: m. f.<br />Meaning: [[lynx]] (h. Hom. 19, 24, E., Arist., Thphr., Ael.).<br />Other forms: [[λυγγός]] E. fr. 683.<br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">λυκό-λυγξ</b> [[wolflynx]] (pap. in Sb. Heidelb. 1923: 2, 14, 13); [[λυγγούριον]] (<b class="b3">λυγκ-</b>, <b class="b3">λιγκ-</b> u. a.) n. kind of amber (Thphr., Delos IIIa), s. v.<br />Derivatives: [[λυγκίον]] dimin. (Callix.), [[λύγγιος]] [[of the lynx]] (Edict. Diocl.). On ambivalent PN [[Λυγκεύς]] (Hdt., Pi.) s. Boßhardt 130f.; from there [[λυγκεύς]] as name of an eye-salve (medic.).<br />Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur. substr.<br />Etymology: Old name of the lynx, found also in Armenian, German and Balto-Slavic. Except for the nasal [[λύγξ]] has a counterpart in Lith. consonant stem <b class="b2">lūš-ų</b> (gen. pl.), with as innovation the <b class="b2">i-</b>stem <b class="b2">lū́š-is</b>. The same transformation show the Slav. words, which however through influence of an other word (<b class="b2">*rysъ</b> [[sotted]], [[red]]?) got an initial <b class="b2">r-</b>: Russ. <b class="b2">rýsь</b> etc. Also elsewhere transformstions have occurred: with thematic vowel in Swed. [[lō]] [[lynx]] (PGm. <b class="b2">*luh-a-</b>, IE <b class="b2">*luḱ-o-</b>); with <b class="b2">s-</b>sufflx in Westgermanic: OHG [[luhs]], OE [[lox]] (cf. Germ. [[Fuchs]], OE [[fox]]); with <b class="b2">n-</b>suffix in Arm. <b class="b2">lus-an-un-k`</b> ([[ἅπ]]. [[εἰρ]].) pl., which also supposes old full grade (IE <b class="b2">*leuḱ-</b> or <b class="b2">louḱ-</b>). The Arm. <b class="b2">n-</b>fomation might be connected somehow with the Greek nasalinfix, which reappers also in Lith. dial. (Zem.) <b class="b2">lųnšis</b>. - Details and further connections in Bq, WP. 2, 411 f., Pok. 690, Fraenkel Wb. s. <b class="b2">lū́šis</b>, Vasmer Wb. s. <b class="b2">rýsь</b>. - Fur. 121 adduces considerations that show that it is in origin a non-IE word. The word has been connected with the root <b class="b2">*leuḱ-</b> [[see]] and would refer to the sharp sight of the animal. But this cannot explain the long [[u]] of Balto-Slavic. Nor can the <b class="b2">-n-</b> be explained; nor the [[g]] of Gr. <b class="b3">λύγγ-ιος</b>. So the word is non-IE, prob. a loan from a Eur. substratum. - I see no reason to connect the gloss <b class="b3">λουνόν λαμπρόν</b> H. The PN [[Λυγκεύς]] may be cognate or not. S. also [[λυγγούριον]].