πεσσός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Att. πεττ-, ὁ, heterocl. pl. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> πεσσά <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>429</span>, <span class="bibl">Euph.61</span> :— <b class="b2">oval-shaped stone for playing draughts</b> or [[backgammon]], usually in plural (<b class="b3">λευκοῖο σημήϊα π</b>. <span class="title">AP</span>9.482.21 (Agath.)), πεσσοῖσι… θυμὸν ἔτερπον <span class="bibl">Od.1.107</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">Hdt.1.94</span>; τοὶ μὲν ἵπποις... τοὶ δὲ πεσσοῖς… τέρπονται <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>129.4</span>; πεττῶν θέσις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>333b</span>; <b class="b3">ἐφηῦρε πεσσοὺς κύβους τε</b> (sc. Palamedes) <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Fr.</span>479.4</span>; <b class="b3">πόλεις πεσσῶν ὁμοίως διαφοραῖς ἐκτις μέναι</b> as if moved from place to place like draughts, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>360.9</span>; <b class="b3">ἒν μὲν τόδ' ἡμῖν, ὥσπερ ἐν πεσσοῖς, δίδως κρεῖσσον</b> you have given me [[a piece]] (as at chess), <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>409</span>; κατὰ τὸν ἐν πεττοῖς νόμον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>987</span>; πεττῶν δίκην τὰς κοινὰς ἐννοίας μετατιθείς Plu.2.1068c; <b class="b3">ἐν πεττοῖς καὶ κύβοις διημερεύειν</b> ib.272f; ἄζυξ ὢν ὥσπερ ἐν πεττοῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1253a7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[the board on which the game was played]], <b class="b3">πεσσὰ πεντέγραμμα</b>, since the pieces were placed on five lines, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>429</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">οἱ π</b>. [[the place]] in which the game was played, or [[the game itself]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>68</span>; ἔνθα Διὸς… θᾶκοι π. τε καλοῦνται <span class="bibl">Cratin.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[medicated plug of wool]] or [[lint]] to be introduced into the vagina, anus, etc., [[pessary]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>9.20.4</span>, Dsc.1.106, 2.61, <span class="bibl">Cels.5.21</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[any oval body]], π. ἐκ μολύβδου <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>31</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[ticket]] or [[tally]] showing attendance at an [[ἐκκλησία]], <span class="title">JHS</span>8.118 (Iasus). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[bolt]] of a door, <span class="title">PMag.Lond.</span>121.616, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span> 2146.10</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> in Archit., [[cubic mass of building]], [[terrace]], <span class="bibl">Str.16.1.5</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1272.6</span> (ii A. D.), <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Aed.</span>1.1.37</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[dark edge of the pupil]] (in the eye), <span class="bibl">Poll.2.71</span>, Hsch.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[the oval stone in board games]], most pl. [[gaming piece]], [[board game]], [[checkers]], often metaph. in several meanings (α 107).<br />Other forms: Att. [[πεττός]].<br />Compounds: As 1. member in <b class="b3">πεσσο-νομέω</b> [[to arrange the gaming pieces]], also metaph. (A., com.).<br />Derivatives: [[πεσσάριον]] n. [[pessary]] (medic.); <b class="b3">πεσσ-ικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ττ-</b> [[belonging to board games]] (Apion); <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, rarely w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">μετα-</b>, [[to play with the gaming pieces on a board]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">-εία</b>, <b class="b3">-ευτής</b>, <b class="b3">-ευτικός</b>, <b class="b3">-ευτήριον</b> (Pl., pap.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Foreign word of unknown origin; Semit. etym. (Aram. <b class="b2">pīs(s)ā</b> [[stone]], [[small table]]) by Lewy Fremdw. 159f., Grimme Glotta 14, 18. Skt. <b class="b2">pāśaḥ</b> m. [[die]], <b class="b2">pāśī</b> f. (rather <b class="b2">pāṣī</b>; cf. on [[πέλλα]]) [[stone]] remain far; s. Mayrhofer s. vv. w. lit. On further proposals which are to be rejected s. Lidén Arm. Stud. 55 ff., where, also improbable, also Arm. [[yesan]] [[whetstone]] is adduced. -- Furnée 270 cites Hitt. <b class="b2">piššu</b> n. 14 [[rock]], [[block of stone]] (without conclusion). The word may well be Pre-Greek (<b class="b2">*peky-</b>?)