θυμός: Difference between revisions

|txtha=θυμοῦ, ὁ (from [[θύω]] to [[rush]] [[along]] or on, be in a [[heat]], [[breathe]] [[violently]]; [[hence]], [[Plato]] [[correctly]] says, Cratyl., p. 419e., [[θυμός]] [[ἀπό]] τῆς θυσεως καί ζεσεως τῆς ψυχῆς; [[accordingly]] it signifies [[both]] the [[spirit]] [[panting]] as it were in the [[body]], and the [[rage]] [[with]] [[which]] the [[man]] pants and swells) (from [[Homer]] [[down]]), the Sept. [[often]] for אַף [[anger]], and חֵמָה excandescentia; [[also]] for חָרון aestus. In the N. T.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[passion]], [[angry]] [[heat]] (excandescentia, [[Cicero]], Tusc. 4,9, 21), [[anger]] [[forthwith]] [[boiling]] up and [[soon]] subsiding [[again]] ([[ὀργή]], on the [[other]] [[hand]], denotes [[indignation]] [[which]] has arisen [[gradually]] and [[become]] [[more]] [[settled]]; (cf. ([[Plato]]) deff. 415e. [[θυμός]]. [[ὁρμή]] [[βίαιος]] [[ἄνευ]] λογισμοῦ. [[νόσος]] τάξεως ψυχῆς ἀλογιστου. [[ὀργή]]. [[παράκλησις]] [[τοῦ]] θυμικου [[εἰς]] τό τιμωρεῖσθαι, Gregory of Nazianzus, carm. 34 [[θυμός]] [[μέν]] ἐστιν ἀθρως ζεσις φρενος, [[ὀργή]] δέ [[θυμός]] ἐμμένων, Hermas, mand. 5,2, 4 [ET] ἐκ δέ τῆς πικρίας [[θυμός]], ἐκ δέ [[τοῦ]] θυμοῦ [[ὀργή]]; cf. [[Aristotle]], rhet. 2,2, 1and Cope's [[note]]); [[hence]], we [[read]] in κοπάσαι ὀργήν [[πρό]] θυμοῦ, [[before]] it glows and bursts [[forth]]; ([[see]] [[further]], on the [[distinction]] [[between]] the [[two]] words, Trench, § xxxvii., and [[especially]] Schmidt vol. iii., [[chapter]] 142)): ὁ θυμοῦ [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ, ἔχειν θυμόν, to be in a [[passion]], Aelian v. h. 1,14); [[ὀργή]] καί [[θυμός]] (as the Sept. Isocrates, p. 249c.; Herodian, 8,4, 1; others): in the inverse [[order]]; so Trench, as [[above]])); plural θυμοί impulses and outbursts of [[anger]] (Winer s Grammar, 176 (166); Buttmann, 77 (67)): [[Sophocles]] Aj. 718 ([[where]] [[see]] Lob.); [[Plato]], Protag., p. 323e.; (Phileb., p. 40e.; [[Aristotle]], rhet. 2,13, 13); [[Polybius]] 3,10, 5; Diodorus 13,28; Josephus, b. j. 4,5, 2; [[Plutarch]], Cor. 1; others).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[glow]], ardor: ὁ [[οἶνος]] [[τοῦ]] θυμοῦ ([[see]] [[οἶνος]], b.) the [[wine]] of [[passion]], inflaming [[wine]], German Glutwein ([[which]] [[either]] drives the drinker [[mad]] or kills him [[with]] its [[deadly]] [[heat]]; cf. [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ added, [[which]] God gives the drinker, τῆς ὀργῆς [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ added (A. V. [[fierceness]]), Revelation 19:15; cf. Ewald, Johann. Schriften, Bd. ii., p. 269 [[note]].