ἄρσην: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, ἡ<b class="b3">, ἄρσεν, τό,</b> gen. [[ἄρσενος]], Ep., Ion., and Trag.: Att. ἄρρην <span class="title">IG</span>2.678<span class="hiitalic">B</span>55, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>191c</span>, etc.: Aeol., Cret., Epid., and Hdt. ἔρσην, [[quod vide|q.v.]]; <b class="b3">ἀρσ-</b> prevails in LXX and <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[NT]], <b class="b3">ἀρρ-</b> is more common in Pap. (exc. Pap. Mag.): nom. ἄρσης <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).364.10 (Lacon.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>465.147</span> (ii A. D.):—[[male]], μήτε τις οὖν θήλεια θεὸς . . μήτε τις ἄρσην <span class="bibl">Il.8.7</span>; βοῦν . . ἄρσενα <span class="bibl">7.315</span>; ἄρσενες ἵπποι <span class="bibl">23.377</span>, etc.; ἄρσην σπορά <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Tr.</span>503</span>; νηδύς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>527</span> (lyr.) (of the birth of Bacchus); γονή Hp.<span class="title">Genit.</span>7: <b class="b3">ἄρσην, ὁ,</b> or <b class="b3">ἄρσεν, τό,</b> [[the male]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>861</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span> 393</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>665c</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Smp.</span>191c</span>, etc.; Ἀπόλλωνι . . θῆλυ καὶ ἄρσεν . . προσέρδειν <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).358 (Thasos, v B. C.); οἱ ἄρσενες [[the male sex]], <span class="bibl">Th.2.45</span>; τὸ ἄρσεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>737</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[masculine]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Supp.</span>951</span>; φρένες <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1204</span>: metaph., [[mighty]], κτύπος ἄρσην πόντου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1455</span> (lyr.); Ἀχέροντος ἄρσενας χοάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>480.3</span>; ἄρσην βοή <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span> 125</span> (lyr.); ἄ. φθόγγοι <span class="bibl">Aristid.Quint.2.12</span>; of plants, [[robust]], [[coarse]], opp. [[θῆλυς]] ([[tender]], [[delicate]]), <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>3.9.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.2.6</span>, Dsc.3.1, al., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1196</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of gender of nouns, [[masculine]], ὀνόματα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span> 682</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of sex in plants, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄρρενος τοῖς θήλεσι βοήθεια <span class="bibl">Thphr. <span class="title">HP</span>2.8.4</span>:—but also, [[coarse]], [[tough]], [[γογγυλίς]] ib.<span class="bibl">7.4.3</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">3.9.3</span>: Comp. form ἀρρέντερος (cf. [[θηλύτερος]]) <b class="b3">, κὰ τὠρρέντερον γένος</b> in the [[male]] line, <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).262.21(Mantinea, v B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> Adv. ἀρρένως Diog. ap. Stob. 4.44.71. (Occurs without <b class="b3">ϝ-</b> on Cret. Inscrr. which preserve <b class="b3">ϝ-</b>; cf. Skt. [[ṛṣabhás]] 'bull', Avest. <b class="b2">aršan-</b> 'man'.)</span>

|dgtxt=ἄρσεν<br /><b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> át. [[ἄρρην]] Pl.<i>Smp</i>.191c; jón. ἔρσην Hdt.1.193; [[ἄρσης]] <i>IG</i> 5(1).364.10 (Laconia), <i>PAmst</i>.41.46 (I a.C.), Anon.Astr. en <i>POxy</i>.465.147; [[ἄρρης]] <i>PMag</i>.4.361; [[γάρρης]] Hsch.<br /><b class="num">I</b> gener. de pers. y anim.<br /><b class="num">1</b> como adj. [[de sexo masculino]], [[macho]] μήτε τις οὖν θήλεια θεὸς ... μήτε τις [[ἄρσην]] <i>Il</i>.8.7, βοῦν ... ἄρσενα <i>Il</i>.7.315, cf. Hes.<i>Op</i>.437, ἵππος <i>Il</i>.23.377, <i>PCair.Isidor</i>.83.5 (III d.C.), κάμηλος <i>BGU</i> 2112.2 (I d.C.), ὄνος <i>PSarap</i>.3.5, 11 (II d.C.), <i>PCair.Isidor</i>.84.8 (III d.C.), παιδίον Ar.<i>Ec</i>.549, <i>PAmst</i>.l.c., καί μοι τέκν' ἐγένοντο δύ' ἄρσενα Call.<i>Epigr</i>.40.5, τὸ ἄρρεν γένος Ph.1.69, cf. Anon.Astr. en <i>POxy</i>.l.c., tb. de plantas ἄ. φοίνιξ palmera macho</i> Nonn.<i>D</i>.42.309<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[perteneciente al varón]] σπορά E.<i>Tr</i>.503, νηδύς E.<i>Ba</i>.527<br /><b class="num">•</b>de los números impares según los pitagóricos, Plu.2.288c, cf. 264a.<br /><b class="num">2</b> como subst. ὁ [[ἄρσην]] [[el varón]] πάντες θήλειαί τε καὶ ἄρσενες todos, hembras y varones</i> Hes.<i>Th</i>.667, ὁ [[ἄρσην]] A.<i>A</i>.861, κράτος ἀρσένων A.<i>Supp</i>.393, εἴη δὲ νίκη καὶ κράτη τοῖς ἄρσεσιν A.<i>Supp</i>.951, ἐρημωθέντος [[ἄρσενος]] θρόνου estando el trono sin varón</i> A.<i>A</i>.260, διὰ τοῦ ἄρρενος ἐν τῷ θήλει Pl.<i>Smp</i>.191c, θῆλύν τε καὶ ἄρρενα Pl.<i>Lg</i>.665c, ἐν τοῖς ἄρσεσι entre los varones</i> Th.2.45, πυροὶ [[ἄρσενος]] fuegos (del amor) por un hombre</i>, <i>AP</i> 12.17, cf. Thphr.<i>HP</i> 2.8.4, Hdt.1.193, οὐδεὶς [[ἄρσης]] <i>IG</i> 5(1).364.10 (Laconia), τῶν ἀρρένων ἡ [[δόξα]] Amph.<i>Seleuc</i>.91, ἄρρενες θηλυδρίαι varones afeminados</i> Amph.<i>Seleuc</i>.93<br /><b class="num">•</b>τὸ ἄρσεν [[el sexo masculino]], [[el hombre]] τὸ δ' ἄρσεν αἰνῶ admiro lo varonil</i> A.<i>Eu</i>.737, τῆς δούλης τεκούσης ἄρρεν Ar.<i>Th</i>.564, τὸ ἄρρεν Arist.<i>Mu</i>.396^b9, cf. Dsc.3.1, Thphr.<i>HP</i> 3.93, Ἀπόλλωνι ... θῆλυ καὶ ἄρσεν ... προσέδɛ̄ν <i>IG</i> 12(8).358 (Tasos V a.C.), ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ ἐποίησεν αὐτούς los hizo hombre y mujer</i> LXX <i>Ge</i>.1.27.<br /><b class="num">II</b> fig.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[viril]], [[varonil]] ἄ. φρένες de una mujer, E.<i>Or</i>.1204, irón., de un coro de Agatón [[βοή]] Ar.<i>Th</i>.125, de los sonidos graves en op. a los agudos, Phld.<i>Mus</i>.4.23.32, Aristid.Quint.77.19.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[fuerte]], [[vigoroso]] [[ἔλαιον]] S.<i>Tr</i>.1196, cf. Call.<i>Lau.Pall</i>.29, ταῦροι Babr.52.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[violento]], [[impetuoso]] πῦρ <i>AP</i> 9.77 (Antip.Thess.), κτύπος [[ἄρσην]] πόντου S.<i>Ph</i>.1455, ἄρσενας χοὰς Ἀχέροντος S.<i>Fr</i>.523.2.<br /><b class="num">III</b> gram. [[del género masculino]] ὀνόματα Ar.<i>Nu</i>.682, cf. 671.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> N. genérico del ‘macho’. La var. ἔρσην es idéntica a av. <i>aršan</i> ‘macho’, cf. tb. ai. <i>r̥ṣa-bhá</i> ‘toro’ c. grado ø. Dud. identificación c. ai. <i>vrṣabhá</i>-.