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|Transliteration C=myrmiks | |Transliteration C=myrmiks | ||
|Beta Code=mu/rmhc | |Beta Code=mu/rmhc | ||
|Definition=ηκος, Dor. μύρμαξ, ᾱκος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[ant]], Hes.<span class="title">Frr.</span>14.5,76.4, <span class="bibl">Theoc.9.31</span>, <span class="bibl">15.45</span>, <span class="bibl">17.107</span>, etc.: metaph., ναῦται θαλάσσης μύρμηκες <span class="bibl">Aeschrio 2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">μύρμηκος ἀτραποί</b>, = [[μυρμηκιά]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span> 100</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> fabulous animal in India, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.102</span>; οἱ χρυσωρύχοι μ. <span class="bibl">Str.2.1.9</span>; λέουσι τοῖς καλουμένοις μύρμηξιν <span class="bibl">Id.16.4.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Agatharch. 69</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>3.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[hidden rock]] in the sea, Lyc.878; esp. on the Thessalian coast between Sciathus and Magnesia, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.183</span>; off Smyrna, <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>5.119</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> a sort of [[gauntlet]] or [[cestus]] with metal | |Definition=ηκος, Dor. [[μύρμαξ]], ᾱκος, ὁ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[ant]], Hes.<span class="title">Frr.</span>14.5,76.4, <span class="bibl">Theoc.9.31</span>, <span class="bibl">15.45</span>, <span class="bibl">17.107</span>, etc.: metaph., ναῦται θαλάσσης μύρμηκες <span class="bibl">Aeschrio 2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">μύρμηκος ἀτραποί</b>, = [[μυρμηκιά]] <span class="bibl">11.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span> 100</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> fabulous animal in India, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.102</span>; οἱ χρυσωρύχοι μ. <span class="bibl">Str.2.1.9</span>; λέουσι τοῖς καλουμένοις μύρμηξιν <span class="bibl">Id.16.4.15</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Agatharch. 69</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>3.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[hidden rock]] in the sea, Lyc.878; esp. on the Thessalian coast between Sciathus and Magnesia, <span class="bibl">Hdt. 7.183</span>; off Smyrna, <span class="bibl">Plin.<span class="title">HN</span>5.119</span> (pl.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> a sort of [[gauntlet]] or [[cestus]] with [[metal]] [[stud]]s or nails [[like warts]] (μυρμηκίαι) on it, <span class="bibl">Poll.3.150</span>. (Cf. [[βόρμαξ]], [[ὅρμικας]], Skt.[[vamrás]], Avest.[[maoiriš]], OIr.[[moirb]], OSlav. [[mravǐji]], ONorse [[maurr]], Engl. (<b class="b2">pis-)mire</b>, Lat.[[formica]]: I.-E. forms perhaps <b class="b2">momro-, momrīˇ-, memro</b>- 'ant'.)</span> | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=-ηκος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[ant]]; metaph. [[submarine rocks]] (IA, Lyc.), also as PN (Hdt.), on the meaning cf. [[μυρμηκία]]; [[gantlet with metal studs]] (Poll.).<br />Other forms: Dor. (Theoc.) [[μύρμαξ]], [[ακος]]. Also [[μύρμος]] (Lyc.), <b class="b3">βύρμαξ βόρμαξ</b>, [[ὅρμικας]] H.<br />Compounds: Rare compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μυρμηκο-λέων</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">λεοντο-μύρμηξ</b> (Hdn. Gr.) name of a fabulous animal; cf. Risch IF 59, 256.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ιά</b> f. [[ant-hill]] (Arist., Thphr.), metaph. [[crowd]] (Com. Adesp., H.), [[triller]], [[arpeggio]] (Pherecr.). -- 2. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ία</b> <b class="b2">wart under the skin, irritation caused by it</b> (Hp., Ph.) with [[μυρμηκιάω]] [[be afflicted with warts]] (LXX.), from which <b class="b3">-ίασις</b> (medic.). On 1. a. 2. s. Scheller Oxytonierung 41 f. -- 3. <b class="b3">μυρμήκ-(ε)ιον</b> n. name of an ant-like spider (Nic., Plin.). -- 4. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ίας λίθος</b> <b class="b2">stone with ant- or wart-like lumps on it</b> (Plin.), μύρμηξ [[χρυσός]] <b class="b2">gold dug out by μύρμηκες</b> (Hld.). -- 5. <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> ([[λίθος]]) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Plin.). -- 6. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ώδης</b> [[ant-like]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">-ώεις</b> [[full of warts]] (Marc. Sid.; metr. lengthened from <b class="b3">-όεις</b>, cf. Schwyzer 527). -- 7. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ίζω</b> as medic. expression [[feel as though ants were running under the finger]], of the pulse, [[itch]] (medic.). -- On itself stands <b class="b3">μυρ-μηδών ξυνοικία τῶν μυρμήκων</b>, <b class="b3">μυρμηδόνες οἱ μύρμηκες ὑπὸ Δωριέων</b> H., transformation of [[μύρμηξ]] resp. derivation from [[μύρμος]] (s. above) after [[τενθρηδών]] and other insectnames; cf. also [[σφηκών]] and other place-indications in <b class="b3">-ών</b>; old variation k : [[d]] assumes Specht Ursprung 205 a. 230 [impossible].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [749] <b class="b2">*moru̯i-</b> [[ant]]<br />Etymology: For the formation cf. [[σκώληξ]], [[σφήξ]] a.o. (Schwyzer 497, Chantraine Form. 380 f.); a velar suffix, prob. without genetic connection with [[μύρμηξ]], is also seen in Lat. [[formīca]] [[ant]] and Skt. <b class="b2">valmīka-</b> m. n. [[ant-hill]]. -- The basis is seen in different forms in many IE languages, mostly with anlaut. [[m]] and in-(aus)laut. <b class="b2">-u̯-</b>, also with inlaut. <b class="b2">-r-</b>: IE <b class="b2">*moru̯-ī </b> in Av. <b class="b2">maoiri-</b>, Celt., e.g. OIr. [[moirb]], Slav., e.g. ORuss. [[morovij]]; IE <b class="b2">*mour-</b>, <b class="b2">*meur-</b> in Germ., e.g. OWNo. [[maurr]] -n. (PGm. <b class="b2">*maura-</b>), OSwed. [[myra]] f. (PGm. <b class="b2">*meuriōn-</b>). Besides with anlaut. <b class="b2">u̯-</b> and inlaut. <b class="b2">-m-</b> : Skt. <b class="b2"> | |etymtx=-ηκος<br />Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[ant]]; metaph. [[submarine rocks]] (IA, Lyc.), also as PN (Hdt.), on the meaning cf. [[μυρμηκία]]; [[gantlet with metal studs]] (Poll.).<br />Other forms: Dor. (Theoc.) [[μύρμαξ]], [[ακος]]. Also [[μύρμος]] (Lyc.), <b class="b3">βύρμαξ βόρμαξ</b>, [[ὅρμικας]] H.<br />Compounds: Rare compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μυρμηκο-λέων</b> (LXX), <b class="b3">λεοντο-μύρμηξ</b> (Hdn. Gr.) name of a fabulous animal; cf. Risch IF 59, 256.<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ιά</b> f. [[ant-hill]] (Arist., Thphr.), metaph. [[crowd]] (Com. Adesp., H.), [[triller]], [[arpeggio]] (Pherecr.). -- 2. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ία</b> <b class="b2">wart under the skin, irritation caused by it</b> (Hp., Ph.) with [[μυρμηκιάω]] [[be afflicted with warts]] (LXX.), from which <b class="b3">-ίασις</b> (medic.). On 1. a. 2. s. Scheller Oxytonierung 41 f. -- 3. <b class="b3">μυρμήκ-(ε)ιον</b> n. name of an ant-like spider (Nic., Plin.). -- 4. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ίας λίθος</b> <b class="b2">stone with ant- or wart-like lumps on it</b> (Plin.), μύρμηξ [[χρυσός]] <b class="b2">gold dug out by μύρμηκες</b> (Hld.). -- 5. <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> ([[λίθος]]) <b class="b2">id.</b> (Plin.). -- 6. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ώδης</b> [[ant-like]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">-ώεις</b> [[full of warts]] (Marc. Sid.; metr. lengthened from <b class="b3">-όεις</b>, cf. Schwyzer 527). -- 7. <b class="b3">μυρμηκ-ίζω</b> as medic. expression [[feel as though ants were running under the finger]], of the pulse, [[itch]] (medic.). -- On itself stands <b class="b3">μυρ-μηδών ξυνοικία τῶν μυρμήκων</b>, <b class="b3">μυρμηδόνες οἱ μύρμηκες ὑπὸ Δωριέων</b> H., transformation of [[μύρμηξ]] resp. derivation from [[μύρμος]] (s. above) after [[τενθρηδών]] and other insectnames; cf. also [[σφηκών]] and other place-indications in <b class="b3">-ών</b>; old variation k : [[d]] assumes Specht Ursprung 205 a. 230 [impossible].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [749] <b class="b2">*moru̯i-</b> [[ant]]<br />Etymology: For the formation cf. [[σκώληξ]], [[σφήξ]] a.o. (Schwyzer 497, Chantraine Form. 380 f.); a velar suffix, prob. without genetic connection with [[μύρμηξ]], is also seen in Lat. [[formīca]] [[ant]] and Skt. <b class="b2">valmīka-</b> m. n. [[ant-hill]]. -- The basis is seen in different forms in many IE languages, mostly with anlaut. [[m]] and in-(aus)laut. <b class="b2">-u̯-</b>, also with inlaut. <b class="b2">-r-</b>: IE <b class="b2">*moru̯-ī </b> in Av. <b class="b2">maoiri-</b>, Celt., e.g. OIr. [[moirb]], Slav., e.g. ORuss. [[morovij]]; IE <b class="b2">*mour-</b>, <b class="b2">*meur-</b> in Germ., e.g. OWNo. [[maurr]] -n. (PGm. <b class="b2">*maura-</b>), OSwed. [[myra]] f. (PGm. <b class="b2">*meuriōn-</b>). Besides with anlaut. <b class="b2">u̯-</b> and inlaut. <b class="b2">-m-</b> : Skt. <b class="b2">vamrá-</b> m. (cf. [[valmīka]] above), thus [[βόρμαξ]], [[βύρμαξ]] with <b class="b3">β-</b> for <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>; in [[ὅρμικας]] a <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b> may have been lost. On itself stand Lat. [[formīca]], whose <b class="b2">f-</b> however may go back through dissimilation to <b class="b2">m-</b> (cf. on [[μορμώ]]) and which would then be close to [[μύρμηξ]]. -- Further details on this old and popular word with diff. hypotheses on its development in WP. 2, 306f., Pok. 749. W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[formīca]], Vasmer s. <b class="b2">muravéj</b>; also Fraenkel s. <b class="b2">marvà</b>, which however because of its deviant meaning ('horse-fly') must be kept apart. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
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{{FriskDe | {{FriskDe | ||
|ftr='''μύρμηξ''': -ηκος (ion. att.)<br />{múrmēks}<br />'''Forms''': dor. (Theok.) [[μύρμαξ]], ακος<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Ameise]]; übertr. [[unterseeischer Felsen]] (Lyk.), auch als EN (Hdt.), zur Bed. vgl. [[μυρμηκία]]; [[mit Metallbuckeln besetzter Boxhandschuh]] (Poll.). Nebenformen [[μύρμος]] (Lyk.), βύρμαξ [[βόρμαξ]], [[ὅρμικας]] H.<br />'''Composita''' : Spärliche Kompp., z.B. [[μυρμηκολέων]] (LXX), [[λεοντομύρμηξ]] (Hdn. Gr.) Bez. fabelhafter Tiere; vgl. Risch IF 59, 256.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: 1. [[μυρμηκιά]] f. ‘Ameisen- haufen’ (Arist., Thphr.), übertr. [[Volkshaufen]] (''Kom''. ''Adesp''., H.), [[Triller]], [[Arpeggien]] (Pherekr.). — 2. [[μυρμηκία]] ‘unter der Haut befindliche Warze, daraus hervorgerufene Reizung (Hp., Ph. u.a.) mit [[μυρμηκιάω]] [[an Warzen leiden]] (LXX.), wovon -ίασις (Mediz.). Zu 1. u. 2. s. Scheller Oxytonierung 41 f. — 3. μυρμήκ-(ε)ιον n. N. einer ameisenähnlichen Spinne (Nik., Plin. u.a.). — 4. [[μυρμηκίας]] [[λίθος]] [[Stein mit ameisenoder warzenähnlichen Erhöhungen]] (Plin.), ~ [[χρυσός]] [[von μύρμηκες ausgegrabenes Gold]] (Hld.). — 5. -ῖτις ([[λίθος]]) ib. (Plin.). — 6. [[μυρμηκώδης]] [[ameisenähnlich]] (Plu.), -ώεις [[voll von Warzen]] (Marc. Sid.; aus -όεις metr. gedehnt, vgl. Schwyzer 527). — 7. [[μυρμηκίζω]] als mediz. Ausdruck [[wie Ameisen kriechen]], vorn Puls, [[jucken]] (Mediz.). — Für sich steht μυρ- | |ftr='''μύρμηξ''': -ηκος (ion. att.)<br />{múrmēks}<br />'''Forms''': dor. (Theok.) [[μύρμαξ]], ακος<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Ameise]]; übertr. [[unterseeischer Felsen]] (Lyk.), auch als EN (Hdt.), zur Bed. vgl. [[μυρμηκία]]; [[mit Metallbuckeln besetzter Boxhandschuh]] (Poll.). Nebenformen [[μύρμος]] (Lyk.), βύρμαξ [[βόρμαξ]], [[ὅρμικας]] H.<br />'''Composita''' : Spärliche Kompp., z.B. [[μυρμηκολέων]] (LXX), [[λεοντομύρμηξ]] (Hdn. Gr.) Bez. fabelhafter Tiere; vgl. Risch IF 59, 256.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: 1. [[μυρμηκιά]] f. ‘Ameisen- haufen’ (Arist., Thphr.), übertr. [[Volkshaufen]] (''Kom''. ''Adesp''., H.), [[Triller]], [[Arpeggien]] (Pherekr.). — 2. [[μυρμηκία]] ‘unter der Haut befindliche Warze, daraus hervorgerufene Reizung (Hp., Ph. u.a.) mit [[μυρμηκιάω]] [[an Warzen leiden]] (LXX.), wovon -ίασις (Mediz.). Zu 1. u. 2. s. Scheller Oxytonierung 41 f. — 3. μυρμήκ-(ε)ιον n. N. einer ameisenähnlichen Spinne (Nik., Plin. u.a.). — 4. [[μυρμηκίας]] [[λίθος]] [[Stein mit ameisenoder warzenähnlichen Erhöhungen]] (Plin.), ~ [[χρυσός]] [[von μύρμηκες ausgegrabenes Gold]] (Hld.). — 5. -ῖτις ([[λίθος]]) ib. (Plin.). — 6. [[μυρμηκώδης]] [[ameisenähnlich]] (Plu.), -ώεις [[voll von Warzen]] (Marc. Sid.; aus -όεις metr. gedehnt, vgl. Schwyzer 527). — 7. [[μυρμηκίζω]] als mediz. Ausdruck [[wie Ameisen kriechen]], vorn Puls, [[jucken]] (Mediz.). — Für sich steht μυρ- μηδών· [[ξυνοικία]] [[τῶν]] μυρμήκων, μυρμηδόνες· οἱ μύρμηκες ὑπὸ Δωριέων H., Umbildung von [[μύρμηξ]] bzw. Ableitung von [[μύρμος]] (s. oben) nach [[τενθρηδών]] und anderen Insektennamen; vgl. noch [[σφηκών]] und andere Ortsbezeichnungen auf -ών; alten Wechsel ''k'' : ''d'' nimmt an Specht Ursprung 205 u. 230.<br />'''Etymology''' : Zur Bildung vgl. [[σκώληξ]], [[σφήξ]] u.a. (Schwyzer 497, Chantraine Form. 380 f.); ein Gutturalsuffix, wahrscheinlich ohne genetischen Zusammenhang mit [[μύρμηξ]], tritt auch in lat. ''formīca'' [[Ameise]] und aind. ''valmīka''- m. n. [[Ameisenhaufen]] auf. — Das Grundwort erscheint in wechselnder Gestalt in der Mehrzahl der idg. Sprachen, u. zw. meistens mit anlaut. ''m''und in-(aus)laut.-''u̯''-, außerdem mit inlaut. -''r''-: idg. *''moru̯''-''ī̆''in aw. ''maoiri''-, kelt., z.B. air. ''moirb'', slav., z.B. aruss. ''morovij''; idg. *''mour''-, *''meur''- in germ., z.B. awno. ''maurr'' -n. (urg. *''maura''-), aschwed. ''myra'' f. (urg. *''meuriōn''-). Daneben mit anlaut. ''u̯''- und inlaut. -''m''- : aind. ''vamrá''- m. (vgl. ''valmīka''oben), ebenso [[βόρμαξ]], βύρμαξ mit β- für ϝ-; in [[ὅρμικας]] kann ϝ-weggefallen sein. Für sich steht lat. ''formīca'', dessen ''f''- aber durch Dissimilation auf ''m''- zurückzugehen scheint (vgl. zu [[μορμώ]]) und das dann zu [[μύρμηξ]] in nächster Beziehung steht. — Weitere Einzelheiten über dies alte und volkstümliche Wort mit verschiedenen Hypothesen über die Lautentwicklung bei WP. 2, 306f., Pok. 749. W.-Hofmann und Ernout-Meillet s. ''formīca'', Vasmer s. ''muravéj''; auch Fraenkel s. ''marvà'', das indessen wegen der abweichenden Bedeutung (’Bremse’) fernzuhalten ist.<br />'''Page''' 2,272-273 | ||
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