λίθος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.f. (on gender cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 and n. 6, Shipp Studies 76)<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">stone, stoneblock, rock, precious stones</b> (Il.).<br />Compounds: compp., e.g. <b class="b3">λιθο-βόλος</b> m. [[stone-thrower]] (Att.), <b class="b3">μονό-λιθος</b> [[consisting of one stone]] (Hdt.).<br />Derivatives: Several derivv. 1. Diminut.: <b class="b3">λιθ-ίδιον</b> (Pl., Arist.), <b class="b3">-άριον</b> (Thphr., hell. inscr.), <b class="b3">-αρίδιον</b> (Alex. Trall.). 2. collectives: [[λιθάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. <b class="b2">rain of stones, throw ..</b> (Od., A., Nic.; Chantraine Form. 352), [[λιθία]] [[rock]] (hell.; cf. Chantraine 81). 3. [[λίθαξ]] f. [[stone]] (ε 415 [attributive], hell. poetry), [[λιθακός]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Stesich.; Chantraine 384), [[λιθίς]] = [[λιθίασις]] (s. below; Hp.). - 4. Adject.: [[λίθεος]] (Hom.), [[λίθιος]] (Thess.), <b class="b3">-ειος</b> (sch.) [[of stone]]; [[λίθινος]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pi., IA.), [[λιθικός]] <b class="b2">belonging to (a) stone</b> (hell.). [[λιθώδης]] [[stonelike]], [[stony]] (IA.) with [[λιθωδία]] (Eust.). - 5. Verbs: [[λιθάζω]] [[throw with stones]], [[lapidate]] (Arist., Anaxandr.) with <b class="b3">λιθασ-μός</b>, <b class="b3">-τής</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b> (A. D., sch.); [[λιθόομαι]] [[be changed into stone]] (Arist.) with [[λίθωσις]] (Aristeas, Plu.); [[λιθιάω]] (<b class="b3">-θάω</b>) [[suffer from the stone]] (Hp.; after the verbs of disease in <b class="b3">-ιάω</b>, Schwyzer 732) with [[λιθίασις]] (Hp., Gal.).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]<br />Etymology: Unexplained. Wrong or quite improbable hypotheses mentioned in Bq, WP. 2, 379 and W.-Hofmann s. [[laedō]]. After Grošelj Živa Ant. 5, 111 f. to [[λεῖος]], [[λιτός]] etc. with <b class="b3">θ-</b>suffix; comparable Scheftelowitz Festgabe H. Jacobi (Bonn 1926) 28: to Lith. <b class="b2">slidùs</b> [[smooth]]. Words for [[stone]] etc. are often taken from a substratum.