πεῖραρ: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-ατος<br />Grammatical information: n.<br />Meaning: [[end]], [[boundary]], [[outcome]], [[goal]], [[decision]]; ep. also [[rope]], [[cable]] (from [[rope-end]], [[cable-end]]?; also [[knot]]?; s.bel.).<br />Other forms: mostly pl. <b class="b3">-ατα</b> n. (Il., <b class="b3">περ(ρ)άτων</b> Alc.), younger [[πεῖρας]] (Pi.), [[πέρας]] (Att.).<br />Compounds: As 2. member in <b class="b3">ἀ-πείρων</b> (Il.), with transiion in the <b class="b3">ο-</b>stems <b class="b3">ἄ-πειρος</b> (Pi., Ion., trag., Pl., Arist.) [[endless]], [[unlimited]], also <b class="b3">ἀ-πε(ί)ρατος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Pi., Ph.); here also [[ἀπειρέσιος]], [[ἀπείριτος]] with suffixtranfer (diff. s.v.)?; <b class="b3">ἀπέρονα πέρας μη ἔχοντα</b> H.; <b class="b3">πολυ-πείρων</b> <b class="b2">with many (wide) boundaries</b> (h. Cer. 296, Orph.).<br />Derivatives: 1. [[πειραίνω]] (Hom.), [[περαίνω]] (Att.), aor. [[πειρῆναι]], [[περᾶναι]], also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> a.o., [[to bring to an end]], [[to finish]], [[to conclude]] with <b class="b3">ἀ-πέραντος</b> (<b class="b3">-εί-</b>) [[unlimited]] (Pi., Att.), [[περαντικός]] [[conclusive]] (Ar., Arist.), <b class="b3">συμπέρασ-μα</b> n. [[end]], [[finishing]], [[conclusion]] (Arist.) with <b class="b3">-ματικός</b> (Arist.). 2. [[περατόομαι]], <b class="b3">-όω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, [[to end]], [[to bring to an end]], [[to limit]] (Arist.) with <b class="b3">ἀποπεράτ-ωσις</b> (medic.). 3. <b class="b3">ἀπο-περατίζω</b> [[to end]] (sch.). 4. <b class="b3">περατεύει ὁρίζει</b> H. -- Also [[περάτη]] f. [[extremity of the heavens]] (ψ 243, Arat., Call.), after the superlatives (cf. Schwyzer 503 c); here <b class="b3">περάτ-ηθεν</b> [[from the boundary]], [[from beyond]] (A. R.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [811] <b class="b2">*per-u̯-r̥/n̥</b> [[end]]?<br />Etymology: Basis <b class="b3">*πέρϜαρ</b> with old [[ρ]] / <b class="b3">ν-</b>flexion; from <b class="b3">ν-</b>stem <b class="b3">ἀ-πείρων</b>; through innovation [[πεῖρας]], [[πέρας]] (cf. Schwyzer 514). -- A remarkable similarity shows Skt. <b class="b2">pár-van-</b> n. [[knot]], [[joint]], [[section]]. Schulze Q. 109f., 116ff. concludes from this a special word [[πεῖραρ]] with the meaning [[knot]] (μ 51 a.o., h. Ap. 129), with the ptc. [[πειρήναντε]] <b class="b2">knotting, kn. confirming</b> (χ 175, 192); very attractive, but with the in other places (e.g. Ν 358) hardly rejectable meaning [[rope]], [[line]] (from <b class="b2">rope-, line-end</b>?) one finds even so no solution. After Krause Glotta 25, 148 stands beside [[πεῖραρ]] [[end]] a special [[πεῖραρ]] [[line]] to [[σπεῖρα]], [[σπάρτον]]; to be rejected. For a uniform [[πεῖραρ]] (s. Bq w. older lit.) a.o. Niedermann Glotta 19, 7, Björck Mél. Bq 1, 143ff. -- In the sense of [[end]], [[frontier]] [[πεῖραρ]] < <b class="b3">*πέρ-Ϝαρ</b> belongs in any case to the great group [[πείρω]], [[πέρα]] etc. (prob. also [[πεῖρα]]); the orig. function of the element <b class="b3">περ-</b>, whether verbal or nominal, can no longer be decided. Also [[πεῖραρ]] = <b class="b2">pár-van-</b> [[knot]] can perhaps be united (prop. [[end]], [[section]], [[knot of a stalk]]?; WP. 2, 32; doubts in Mayrhofer s. <b class="b2">páruḥ</b>).