πηλός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(Dor. [[παλός]] <span class="bibl">Sophr.32</span>, <span class="bibl">Cerc.3.3</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).1447.16 (Messene, iii/ii B. C.)), ὁ, Syrac. ἡ Phryn.38 :—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[clay]], [[earth]], used by [[mason]]s and [[potter]]s, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.36</span>, <span class="bibl">136</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1143</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.76</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>147a</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.15.35.2</span>; πηλὸν [[ὀργάζειν]] <span class="bibl">Eup.248</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>482</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">510</span>, <span class="bibl">787</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>839</span>; <b class="b3">πηλὸς ἠχυρωμένος</b> [[clay]] [[mixed]] with [[chaff]] for use as [[mortar]], <span class="title">IG</span>22.463.42, cf. 5(1)l.c., <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>11.3</span>; <b class="b3">εὐώδεϊ πηλῷ</b>, of [[earth]] on which [[wine]] has been poured, <span class="bibl">Tryph.349</span>; <b class="b3">Βρομιώδεα πηλὸν  φύρησαν… Χάριτες</b>, of a [[drinking cup]], <span class="title">AP</span>11.27 (Maced.): metaph., [[clay]] from which man was made: hence <b class="b3">ὁ πηλὸς ὁ Προμηθεῖος</b>, of man, <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>87</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">133</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>686</span>; ἐκ ποίου πηλοῦ πεφύρητ' εἰδότα <span class="bibl">Herod.2.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[mud]], [[mire]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">4.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>248</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>363d</span>, etc.: [[proverb|prov.]], [[ἔξω κομίζειν πηλοῦ πόδα]] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>697</span>; <b class="b3">κάσις πηλοῦ ξύνουρος</b>, i. e. [[dust]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>495</span>: metaph., ἀνέρες ὧν τὸ κέαρ παλῶ σέσακται Cerc. [[l.c.]] </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Poet., [[thick]] or [[muddy]] [[wine]], [[lees]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>783</span>; of [[wine]] spilt on the [[floor]], Plu.2.463a, <span class="bibl">Charito 1.3</span>; cf. [[Πηλεύς]] fin. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> metaph., [[dolt]], [[blockhead]], Com. Adesp.<span class="bibl">890</span>.</span>

|ftr='''πηλός''': {pēlós}<br />'''Forms''': dor. (Sophr., Inschr. u. a.) [[παλός]]<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Lehm]], [[Ton]], [[Schlamm]], [[Kot]], [[Morast]] (ion. att.).<br />'''Composita''' : Kompp., z.B. [[πηλοφορέω]] [[Lehm tragen]] (Ar.), [[ἀκρόπηλος]] [[mit Schlamm oben]] (Plb.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon [[πήλινος]] [[aus Ton]] (D., Arist. usw.), -αῖος ‘ds., in Schlamm lebend’ (Man., Paus.), -ώδης [[lehmig schlammig]] (ion. att.), -ώεις ib. (Opp.; nach [[εὐρώεις]] u.a.; Chantraine Form. 274, Schwyzer 527); -όομαι, -όω, vereinzelt mit περι- u.a., ‘von Lehm. usw. bedeckt werden, mit Lehm beschweren’ (sp.) mit -ωσις f. [[das Beschmieren]], -ωμα n. [[Schlamm]] (Charis.). — Expressives Denominativum [[προπηλακίζω]] eig. "vor sich in den Kot treten" = [[schmählich behandeln]], [[beschimpfen]] (att.) mit -ισμός m. [[Schimpf]], [[Schmach]] (ion. att.), -ισις f. [[das Beschimpfen]] (Po.); zur Bed.differenzierung Röttger Substantivbildungen 19. Wahrscheinlich direkt von [[πηλός]] nach anderen Verba auf -ακίζω (πῆλαξ nur als Erklärung von [[πηλακίζω]] ''EM'' 669, 49; letzteres auch Pap. III^a; [[πηλακισμός]] Suid.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Ohne überzeugende Etymologie. Mehrere Hypothesen: zu lat. ''palūs'' f. [[stehendes Wasser]] usw. (Curtius 275 u. A. nach Bopp usw.; von Bq abgelehnt); zu aksl. ''kalъ'' [[Schlamm]], [[Kot]], lat. ''squālus'' [[schmutzig]] (Meillet MSL 13, 291 f.; dagegen W.-Hofmann s.v.); zu lat. ''palleō'' [[blaß sein]], [[πελιός]] usw. (Schulze Kl. Schr. 112; hierher nach Sch. auch ''palūs'' usw.); zu [[πλίνθος]], -πλάθος, lit. ''balà'' [[Sumpf]] usw. als pelasgisch (v. Windekens Ant. class. 19, 145ff., Le Pélasgique 127ff.). Nebenformen [[πάλκος]]· [[πηλός]] H. (an lit. ''pélkė'' f. ‘Sumpf, (Torf)-moor’ erinnernd), [[πάσκος]]· [[πηλός]] H. ([[πηλός]] somit auch *πασλός?; Sommer Lautst. 74). Zum Lautlichen noch Forbes Glotta 36, 242; weitgehende Vermutungen zur Morphologie bei Specht Ursprung 64, 117, 187, 234 (alles ganz unsicher). —Weitere Einzelheiten m. Lit. bei Bq, W.-Hofmann s. 2. ''palūs'' und 2. ''squālus'', WP. 1, 441 u. 2, 53.<br />'''Page''' 2,528-529